Koj tus kws kho mob puas tau hais kom koj mus kuaj ANA? Tej zaum koj yuav ntshai thiab ntxhov siab me ntsis thaum nws hais li ntawd. Nws yog ib qho ib txwm muaj cov lus nug xws li "Qhov kev kuaj no yog dab tsi?", "Nws nrhiav dab tsi?", "Kuv puas yuav mob hnyav yog tias daim ntawv qhia tias muaj kab mob?" los rau hauv siab. Tab sis tsis txhob txhawj. Hnub no, peb yuav tham nrog ib txoj kev yooj yim thiab tus phooj ywg txog qhov kev kuaj ANA no yog dab tsi, vim li cas nws thiaj ua, thiab yuav txhais nws daim ntawv qhia li cas.
Ua ntej, cia peb saib seb ANA no txhais li cas.
Yuav kom nkag siab qhov no, peb yuav tsum paub me ntsis txog peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob . Xav txog tias peb lub cev zoo li ib lub teb chaws. Tom qab ntawd lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob no yog cov tub rog hauv lub teb chaws ntawd. Thaum cov yeeb ncuab txawv teb chaws, xws li cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob me me , nkag mus rau hauv lub cev, cov tub rog no paub lawv, tawm tsam lawv, thiab rhuav tshem lawv.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog ib pawg tub rog tshwj xeeb hauv pab tub rog no. Lawv zoo li daim ntawv tshaj tawm "XAV TAU" rau tub ceev xwm. Lawv txoj haujlwm yog txheeb xyuas tus yeeb ncuab uas tau nkag mus rau hauv lub cev thiab muab lawv rau lwm lub chaw ruaj ntseg.
Tiam sis qee zaum peb txoj kev tiv thaiv ua yuam kev me me. Es tsis txhob yog cov neeg txawv teb chaws tuaj txeeb peb lub cev, lawv yuam kev xav tias peb cov hlwb noj qab haus huv yog "cov yeeb ncuab." Tom qab ntawd peb txoj kev tiv thaiv pib tawm tsam peb cov hlwb. Nov yog li cas peb hu cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis raug uas tsim tawm tsam peb cov hlwb , autoantibodies .
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA) yog ib hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob autoimmune. Raws li lo lus "nuclear" hauv lawv lub npe qhia, lawv lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog "lub hlwb" ntawm peb cov hlwb, "nucleus" . Kev nce ntxiv ntawm cov ANA no hauv cov ntshav yog ib qho cim qhia tias peb muaj tus kab mob autoimmune , ib qho mob uas peb lub cev tab tom tawm tsam nws tus kheej.
Vim li cas tus kws kho mob thiaj li pom zoo kom ua qhov kev kuaj ANA no?
Yog tias koj tus kws kho mob xav tias koj muaj tus kab mob autoimmune raws li qee cov tsos mob uas koj muaj (piv txwv li, mob pob qij txha tas li, tawv nqaij tawm pob , qaug zog heev), lawv yuav xaj kom kuaj ANA kom paub meej lossis txiav txim siab qhov ua tau.
Hauv qab no yog qee yam mob tseem ceeb uas kev kuaj ANA tuaj yeem pab kuaj mob.
| Mob | Hais yooj yim xwb... |
|---|---|
| Kab mob Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) - Kab mob Lupus | Nws yog ib qho mob nyuaj uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau ntau yam kabmob hauv lub cev, xws li daim tawv nqaij, pob qij txha, raum, thiab lub hlwb. |
| Kab mob Sjögren | Ib yam mob uas feem ntau ua rau qhov muag thiab qhov ncauj qhuav. |
| Kab mob Scleroderma | Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm daim tawv nqaij yog qhov tuab thiab tawv, thiab nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau cov kabmob sab hauv. |
| Polymyositis los yog Dermatomyositis | Ib yam mob uas ua rau cov leeg tsis muaj zog thiab o. |
| Kab Mob Sib Txuas Sib Xyaws (MCTD) | Ib yam mob uas muaj cov tsos mob ntawm ntau yam kab mob sib xyaw ua ke, xws li lupus thiab scleroderma. |
Ntxiv mus, qhov kev kuaj ANA yuav zoo rau qee yam mob qog noj ntshav.
Qhov kev kuaj no ua li cas? Puas mob?
Nws yooj yim heev. Zoo li thaum koj muab ntshav. Tus kws tu mob lossis tus kws kho mob ntshav yuav muab ib qho ntshav me me los ntawm cov leeg ntshav hauv koj txhais caj npab. Nws tsis siv sijhawm ib feeb. Tom qab ntawd lawv muab ib daim ntaub qhwv me me rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawd. Yog li ntawd xwb. Yog txhua yam koj yuav tsum ua.
Tom qab ntawd, hauv chav kuaj mob, tus kws kho mob yuav kuaj koj cov ntshav siv txoj kev tshwj xeeb. Txoj kev siv ntau tshaj plaws yog hu ua indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) . Qhov no suav nrog kev pleev xim rau koj cov ntshav nrog ANA, uas ua kom ci ntsa iab hauv qab lub tshuab tsom iav tshwj xeeb. Daim ntawv tshaj tawm tom qab ntawd sau los ntawm kev saib cov hlwb ci ntsa iab.
Yuav nkag siab daim ntawv qhia txog kev xeem li cas?
Koj yuav tau txais daim ntawv qhia txog kev xeem li ob peb hnub tom ntej. Tej zaum nws yuav muaj peb ntu tseem ceeb. Cia peb nkag siab lawv ib qho zuj zus hauv cov lus yooj yim.
| Qhov seem hauv daim ntawv qhia | Qhov ntawd hais li cas? |
|---|---|
| Kev Txhais Lus (Zoo / Tsis Zoo) | Qhov no yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws. Txawm tias ANA puas pom hauv koj cov ntshav los tsis pom. Yog tias pom, nws yuav raug teev tias "Positive". Txwv tsis pub, nws yuav raug teev tias "Negative". |
| Kev Nyeem Titer (ntau npaum li cas) | Yog tias qhov kev kuaj pom tias muaj, qhov tom ntej uas yuav tsum saib yog pes tsawg tus ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no. Qhov no tau qhia ua piv txwv xws li 1:40, 1:80, 1:160, 1:320. Qhov piv txwv siab dua, qhov concentration ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob siab dua. Qhov concentration siab dua, qhov muaj feem ntau ntawm kev muaj kab mob autoimmune. |
| Qauv Fluorescent | Tus kws kho mob kuj tseem tuaj yeem tau txais qee cov lus qhia los ntawm txoj kev uas lub nucleus ntawm lub cell ci ntsa iab hauv qab lub tshuab microscope, uas yog, "qauv". Piv txwv li, muaj cov qauv sib txawv xws li "Homogenous", "Speckled", "Centromere". Qee cov qauv yog tshwj xeeb rau qee yam kab mob. Qhov no nyuaj me ntsis, yog li koj tus kws kho mob yuav piav qhia rau koj. |
Koj puas yuav tsum ntshai yog tias koj kuaj pom tias muaj ANA?
Nov yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Tsuas yog vim tias qhov kev kuaj ANA zoo tsis tau txhais hais tias koj muaj tus kab mob autoimmune 100% ntawm lub sijhawm. Nco ntsoov qhov no.
Qhov tseeb, tsuas yog li ntawm 3 ntawm 10 tus neeg noj qab haus huv uas tsis muaj kab mob thiaj li yuav muaj qhov kev kuaj ANA zoo. Qhov ntawd yog ib txwm muaj.
Tej zaum yuav muaj lwm yam laj thawj uas ua rau qhov kev kuaj ANA zoo.
- Thaum koj muaj kev kis kab mob zoo li mob khaub thuas viral.
- Vim yog qee cov tshuaj uas koj noj.
- Qee zaum ANA tuaj yeem kuaj pom tias muaj txiaj ntsig thaum muaj hnub nyoog.
Yog li, yog tias koj qhov kev kuaj ANA pom tias muaj kab mob, koj tus kws kho mob yuav tsuas suav tias nws yog ib qho ntawm cov teeb meem xwb. Nws yuav xav txog koj cov tsos mob, lwm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kuaj, thiab daim ntawv qhia ANA no, thiab tom qab ntawd yuav xaus lus kawg. Nws kuj tseem yuav pom zoo kom kuaj ntshav lwm yam tshwj xeeb (piv txwv li anti-dsDNA, anti-Sm) los pab kuaj mob.
Yog li ntawd, qhov kev kuaj ANA yog ib qho cuab yeej muaj txiaj ntsig zoo uas pab cov kws kho mob kuaj mob autoimmune . Tab sis tsis txhob ntshai koj tus kheej tom qab pom daim ntawv tshaj tawm. Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog txhua lo lus nug lossis kev tsis ntseeg uas koj muaj. Nws yuav piav qhia txhua yam rau koj thiab muab cov lus qhia tsim nyog.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Kev kuaj ANA yog kev kuaj ntshav yooj yim uas pab nrhiav cov kab mob autoimmune .
- Qhov no hais txog ib hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas tsim tawm tsam peb lub cev cov hlwb.
- Tsuas yog vim qhov kev kuaj mob "zoo" tsis tau txhais hais tias koj yeej muaj tus kab mob. Cov neeg noj qab nyob zoo kuj tuaj yeem kuaj pom tias muaj tus kab mob.
- Tag nrho peb ntu ntawm daim ntawv tshaj tawm no tseem ceeb heev: qhov tshwm sim (Zoo/Tsis Zoo), qhov ntau ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob (Titer), thiab tus qauv ci ntsa iab (Qauv).
- Ib txwm tham txog koj daim ntawv qhia txog kev kuaj mob thiab yuav ua li cas tom ntej nrog koj tus kws kho mob . Tsis txhob txiav txim siab ntawm koj tus kheej lossis ntshai yam tsis tsim nyog.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus