Wetin mek kansa kin apin?

Kansa na wɔd we de mek bɔku pipul dɛn fred na di sosayti tide. Bɔt i nɔto rili mistek. Kansa na di rizin fɔ sɔm chaotic prɔses dɛm we de apin na di big siti we dɛn kɔl wi bɔdi. Insay dis atikul, wi go si aw dɛn brok di lɔ dɛn na wi bɔdi siti ɛn kansa sik kin apin.

Wi bɔdi tan lɛk siti we de obe lɔ!

Fɔs, lɛ wi luk wi bɔdi lɛk se na siti we dɛn de rul fayn ɛn we de obe lɔ.

Sitizen dɛm na di siti: Sɛl dɛm

Dɛn kɔl di bɔku bɔku sitizin dɛn we de na dis siti sɛl. Ɛni wan pan dɛn sɛl dɛn ya gɛt wan patikyula wok we dɛn gi am fɔ du. Ɛn wan ɔda de, wan lɔ, we dɛn fɔ wok bay: ustɛm fɔ gro, ustɛm fɔ mek nyu sitizin (nyu sɛl) (Sɛl Divishɔn), ustɛm fɔ ritaia afta dɛn dɔn dɔn dɛn savis layf (Programmed Cell Death - Apoptosis). Ɔl dis kin apin akɔdin to wan plan we dɛn dɔn sɛt.

Di siti in lɔ buk: DNA

DNA na di big rul buk we de dikte aw dis ɔl siti de wok, wetin ɛvri sitizin (sɛl) fɔ du ɛn wetin dɛn nɔ fɔ du. Ɛvri sɛl de wok akɔdin to di instrɔkshɔn dɛn we de na dis DNA buk.

Mistek dɛn we de na di Rulbuk: Mutations

Bɔt, sɔntɛnde mistek kin apin na dis big lɔ buk. Lɛk lɛta ɔ wɔd na buk we dɛn de mis. Wi kɔl dɛn mistek ya na dis DNA lɔ buk "muteshɔn."

Aw Dɛn Mistek Dɛn Ya kin Apin?

Tu men rizin dɛn de we mek dis lɔ buk nɔ rayt:

1. Mistek dɛn we kin apin bay dɛnsɛf: We dɛn de mek nyu sitizin dɛn (sɛl dɛn) na siti, smɔl mistek dɛn kin apin bay dɛnsɛf we dɛn de kɔpi di lɔ buk (DNA).
2. Di tin dɛn we kin apin na do ( Carcinogens ): Sɔm tin dɛn we kin apin na do kin pwɛl dis lɔ buk bak. Lɛk ink we de fɔdɔm, pej dɛn we de bɔn, ɛn lɛta dɛn we de fade. Wi kɔl di tin dɛn we de na do we de pwɛl dis lɔ buk " Carcinogens ." (Wi go tɔk bɔt dis ditayli leta.)

Siti Polis: Di Mɛkanism fɔ Ripa DNA

Laki se wi siti gɛt wan grup we gɛt polisman dɛn we gɛt sɛns (jin dɛn we gɛt fɔ du wit DNA Ripa Mechanisms). Dɛn wok na fɔ fɛn ɛn mek mistek dɛn we de na di lɔ buk (DNA) jɔs afta dɛn apin. Bɔku tɛm, dɛn polisman dɛn ya kin kɔrɛkt dɛn mistek dɛn de. Bɔt sɔntɛnde, if di nɔmba fɔ di mistek dɛn bɔku, ɔ if di polis (di ripa jin dɛn) dɛnsɛf dɔn pwɛl, dɛn nɔ kin ebul fɔ kɔrɛkt dɛn mistek ya.

Aw di Kansa Ribelɔn bigin

Na de di prɔblɛm bigin. As di chenj dɛn we de apin na di rulbuk de gɛda, ɛn tu pan di lɔ dɛn we impɔtant pas ɔl fɔ rul di siti de brok, sɔm sitizin dɛn (sɛl dɛn) kin bigin fɔ tɔn agens di gɔvmɛnt.

Brek Tu Impɔtant Lɔ dɛn

Di tu men lɔ dɛn we dɛn brok na:

1. di lכ we de kכntro di signal fכ initiate kכnstrכkshכn (sεl divεlכpmεnt).
2. Di lɔ nɔ gri fɔ bil we nɔ nid fɔ bil ɔ we nɔ fayn.

"Nɔ stɔp fɔ bil!" Sayn we de jam (Oncogenes) .

wan siti ofishal de we de gi di signal fכ "start bildin" (start sεl divεlכpmεnt) (di nכmal jin dεm fכ dis na proto-כnkojin dεm). Bikɔs ɔf wan mistek na di DNA rulbuk, dis ɔfisa in signal blok, ɛn i de kɔntinyu fɔ ala "Start bildin! Bil mɔ! Bil mɔ!" (dεn fכlt jin dεm na כnkojin dεm). I tan lɛk se yu step pan di aksilarayt na motoka ɛn i stɔp! So di sɛl dɛn kin bigin fɔ sheb ɛn nɔ stɔp.

Breaking di "Stɔp di rɔng kɔnstrɔkshɔn!" signal (Tɔmɔr ​​Sɔpreshɔn Jin dɛn) .

Dɔn bak, we dɛn de bil bildin dɛn we nɔ nid fɔ bi na di siti, ɔda ɔfisa de we se "Stɔp!", sɛn ripa tim dɛn (DNA Ripa) if ɛni mistek de na di kɔnstrɔkshɔn, ɛn if i nɔ pɔsibul, i de ɔda fɔ pwɛl di bildin we de mek mistek ( Apoptosis - sɛl day) (di jin dɛn we gɛt fɔ du wit dis na di Tumor Suppressor Genes ). Bikɔs ɔf dɛn DNA mistek dɛn de, dis ɔfisa in "Stɔp!" signal de stɔp fɔ wok. Jɔs lɛk aw di brek dɛn na motoka kin stɔp fɔ wok we dɛn dɔn ol!

di rizulyt we di sεl dεm de brok di rul dεm: Kansa Tכmכr

Naw imajin, wetin kin apin we di aksilarayt stɔp ɛn di brek dɛn stɔp fɔ wok?

Kɔnstrɔkshɔn dɛn we Nɔ gɛt rayt fɔ Kɔntrol

• Sitizen (sɛl) de kɔntinyu fɔ sheb we dɛn nɔ de stɔp, de brok di lɔ.
• Ivin if i nɔ rayt, dɛn nɔ go mek am bak.
• dεn de kכntinyu fכ de we dεn nכ de ritaia (dεn de day - apoptosis) di rayt tεm.

dis kכlכm sεl dεm we de brok di rul dεm εn divayd εn gro tכgeda insay wan we we nכ nid na dεn we wi kכl "tכmכr." Dɛn tan lɛk bildin dɛn we dɛn nɔ gɛt rayt fɔ bil na siti.

Benign ɛn Malignant Tumɔs dɛn

Tu kayn kɔnstrɔkshɔn ya we dɛn nɔ gɛt rayt fɔ bil (tumors):

• Benign Tumors: Di wan dɛn we de brok di lɔ na wan ples: Dɛn wan ya tan lɛk di wan dɛn we de brok di lɔ ɛn bil smɔl bildin we nɔ de na di lɔ na wan ples. I de de usay dɛn mek am, ɛn i nɔ de skata to ɔda siti dɛn. Bɔt i kin dipen usay i de (lɛk fɔ blok rod), i kin mek pɔsin nɔ gladi smɔl.
• Malignant Tumors: Ribel dɛm we de ambɔg di siti: Dɛn pipul ya na di pipul dɛm we denja pas ɔl! Dɛn nɔ jɔs de stɔp fɔ bil we nɔ de akɔdin to lɔ. Dɛn kin brok bak di wɔl dɛn na dɛn yon land (invasion) ɛn jomp pan di land dɛn we dɛn de.

Di spred fɔ di insurjɛns: Invayshɔn ɛn Mɛtastasis

Dɛn malignant tumor ya nɔ de stɔp de.

Fɔ win di land dɛn we dɛn dɔn tek: Invayshɔn

Dɛn ribel sɛl dɛn de (di kεnsar sεl dεm de brok di bכnda dεm fכ di ples we dεn kכmכt (כgan) εn invayd di hεlty tisu εn land we de rawnd (invashכn).

Nyu kɔloni dɛm na siti dɛm we de fa: Metastasis

Ivin mɔ denja na dat, dɛn ribel sɛl dɛn ya kin travul along di siti in men rod dɛn (blɔd vesel dɛn) ɛn sayd rod dɛn (lymphatic vessels), ɛn dɛn kin ivin travul go fa fa say dɛn na di siti (ɔda ɔgan dɛn na di bɔdi - lɔng, liva , bren, ɛn ɔda tin dɛn), usay dɛn kin mek nyu ilɛgal kɔloni dɛn (sɛkɔndari tumbu ɔ mɛtastas). dis dεn kכl am "mεtastas". Dis na di stej we denja pas ɔl fɔ gɛt kansa.

Eksternal Factors wae de afekt di risk fɔ gɛt kansa

Naw lɛ wi luk di tin dɛn we de na do (carcinogens) we de pwɛl di rulbuk (DNA) we wi bin dɔn tɔk bɔt bifo tɛm. Dɛn wan ya kin mek pɔsin gɛt kansa mɔ ɛn mɔ.

Tin dɛn we De Damej di Siti in Lɔ Buk

• Tabako: Lɛk fɔ bɔn di lɔ buk: Sigrɛt, beedi, siga smok, ɛn fɔ it tabak (sɔntɛnde wit bɛtel) na big ɛnimi dɛn we kin pwɛl di lɔ buk (DNA) bad bad wan. Dis na de kɔz bɔrku kansa lɛk lɔng, mɔt, ɛn trot.
• Alkol: As sɔntin we de ambɔg di lɔ ɛnfɔsmɛnt: If pɔsin drink pasmak, i nɔ jɔs de ambɔg di lɔ indaykt wan, bɔt i de ambɔg di we aw di bɔdi de ripɛnt. I kin mek yu gɛt kansa lɛk liva, trot, ɛn bɔdi.
• Unhealthy Diet & Obesity : Lɛk fɔ wikɛd di siti in infrastukchɔ: it we nɔ gɛt bɔku fayv, we dɛn dɔn prosɛs ɛn we gɛt bɔku fat/shuga, we nɔ gɛt frut ɛn vɛjitebul, ɛn we fat kin afɛkt di siti in ɔl wɛlbɔdi ɛn stebul na di rul buk, we kin mek di risk fɔ sɔm kansa dɛn (e.g. bɔdi kansa) bɔku.
• Radiation & Chemicals: Lɛk fɔ ɛras di lɛta dɛn we de na lɔ buk: Di san in harsh ultraviolet rays (UV radiation), redyushɔn lɛk X-ray, ɛn sɔm kemikal dɛn lɛk asbest ɛn peshɛnt sayd kin pwɛl di lɛta dɛn we de na lɔ buk (DNA) dairekt wan.
• Infɛkshɔn: Lɛk ɛnimi dɛn we de kam insay di siti:Sɔm vayrɔs [e.g., human papillomavirus (HPV), hepatitis B ɛn C] ɛn baktri dɛm [e.g., Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)] kin kam insay di siti, inflɔws di rulbuk, ɛn as tɛm de go dɛn kin kɔntribyut to wan kansa ɔtbrɛk.

Kɔnkliushɔn: Ɔndastand Kansa ɛn Ridyus di Risk

So, kansa nɔto sɔntin we kin apin wan de. Na di rizin fɔ di damej (muteshɔn) to di DNA, di rulbuk fɔ wi bɔdi in siti, as tɛm de go bikɔs ɔf difrɛn tin dɛn (wi abit, envayrɔmɛnt, sɔntɛm frɔm ɛriditi), ɛn di siti in kɔntrol (di kɔntrol fɔ di sɛl dɛn we de gro ɛn day) kin brok. Di aksilarayt dɔn stɔp, di brek dɛn dɔn brok, ɛn di sitizin dɛn (sɛl dɛn) we de brok lɔ de biev we dɛn nɔ ebul fɔ kɔntrol, ɛn dɛn de invayd di wan ol siti.

We yu ɔndastand dis stori, i klia se i impɔtant fɔ protɛkt wi lɔ buk (DNA) bay we wi nɔ it di tin dɛn we kin mek pɔsin gɛt kansa (tabacco, rɔm we nɔ nid, it we nɔ fayn) ɛn liv fayn layf (gud it, ɛksesaiz). Dɔn bak, fɔ no kwik kwik wan fɔ di wan dɛn we de brok di lɔ (kansa sɛl) we prɔblɛm (simptom) kam ɔ tru tɛst go ɛp fɔ stɔp dis ribelɔn bifo i go ɔlsay na di wɔl.