Miin hnute cancer a vei tih hmuhchhuah a nih chuan an lungngai hle a, an hlau hle bawk. Chu chu thil pangngai a ni. Mahse tunlai damdawi lam thiamna changkang tak nen chuan hnute cancer chi hrang hrang tam zawk chu thunun theih leh tihdam theih a ni. Mahse, cancer chi thenkhat chu a dang aiin enkawl harsa deuh deuh a awm a. Hengte hi "hnute cancer enkawl harsa" an ti. Hemi kawngah hian damdawi lam zirchiangtute chuan beiseina sang tak an nei a, a chhan chu nitin enkawlna thar siam chhuah a nih vang a ni. Hemi chungchang hi vawiin hian han sawi ila.
Engvangin nge hnute cancer thenkhat hi enkawl a harsat?
A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, hnute cancer enkawlna hlawhtling ber berte hian cancer cells te lo thanglian dan control hi an tum a ni. Hetiang hian han ngaihtuah teh: cancer cell chu kawngkhar ang a nih chuan, hormone leh protein thenkhat chu chu kawngkhar hawngtu chabi ang a ni. Treatment te hian kawngkhar (receptor) te kha block in hna an thawk a, chutiang chuan heng chabi te hian hna a thawk lo. Breast cancer hi ‘kawngkhar’ chi hrang hrang a zirin chi thum ah then a ni.
Tunah chuan heng chi thumte hi eng nge an nih kan en ang.
| Cancer chi hrang hrang | A sawifiahna awlsam tak |
|---|---|
| Hormone receptor positive cancer (HR-positive) a awm chuan a chhuak leh ta a ni. | Heng cancer cell te hian estrogen receptor (ER) leh/ emaw progesterone receptor (PR) an nei a, hei hian hormone hmanga enkawlnaah an chhang let thei zawk a ni. |
| HER2-positive cancer (HER2-positive) a nih chuan a chhuak thei lo. | Heng cell te hian protein HER2 an tih chu a sang hle. Chuvangin, HER2 receptor target tu treatment hmangin control theih an ni. |
| Triple-Negative hnute cancer (TNBC) a ni a, a rilru a hah lutuk a, a rilru a buai em em bawk a. | Hei hi chi chu a harsa ber a ni. Heng cancer cell te hian estrogen receptor an nei lo va, progesterone receptor an nei lo va, HER2 receptor an nei lo bawk. Chumi awmzia chu heng cell-te hian a hmaa ka sawi tawh ‘kawngkhar’ pathumte chu an nei lo tihna a ni. |
Hnute cancer vei zawng zawng zinga 10% leh 20% inkar chuan hetiang hi an nei a niHnute cancer chi khat , triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) an tih a ni. Cancer chi dang tana hlawhtling taka hman hormone treatment te hian he cancer chi tan hian hna a thawk lo, a chhan chu hormone receptor a neih loh vang a ni. Tin, HER2 target tu damdawi te hian a pui lo bawk.
Tin, TNBC cancer hi chi dang aiin a na zawk bawk . Chumi awmzia chu cancer hi a hriat chhuah hun chuan taksa peng dangah a darh tawh tihna a ni. Mi tinah pawh a nungchang a inang lo hle a, hun kal zelah damdawi thenkhat do thei turin a danglam thei bawk.
Engtin nge genetic mutations hian hei hi a nghawng?
TNBC ang cancer hi a hmaa hriat theih dan tha ber pakhat chu risk sang tak nei te hriatchhuah hi a ni. Chutiang ti tur chuan zirchiangtute chuan thlah kal zelah, hnute cancer nena inzawm, genetic changes (mutations) an zirchiang mek a ni.
- BRCA1 ( hnute cancer gene 1) 1.1.
- BRCA2 (Hnute cancer Gene 2) 1.1.
Heng gene pahnih zinga pakhata mutation i rochun chuan hnute leh ovarian cancer vei theihna a sang zawk a ni. He mutation hi i neih chuan kum naupang zawkah pawh cancer i vei theihna a sang zawk bawk.
BRCA1 gene mutation nei hnute cancer tam zawk hi triple-negative an ni . Chuvangin, he gene hi hriatthiamna hian TNBC enkawlna kawng tha zawk zawng turin a pui thei ang.
Doctor thenkhat chuan TNBC vei zawng zawngte chu cancer nena inzawm genes test vek turin an rawt a, BRCA1 leh BRCA2 te pawh a tel. Kum 60 i tlin hmaa TNBC i vei tih hmuhchhuah i nih chuan, emaw, i chhungte zinga mi pakhatin TNBC a vei tawh a nih chuan, i doctor chuan he genetic test hi a rawt thei ang. Hei hian nang leh i doctor chu i tana enkawlna tha ber thlang turin a pui thei a ni.
Metastatic breast cancer chungchangah eng nge i hriat tur?
Cancer chi dang enkawl harsa tak chu hnute cancer, taksa hmun hla tak takah a darh tawh a ni. Hei hi metastatic breast cancer an ti a . Taksa peng dang, ruh, thluak, thin emaw, lung emaw thlengin a darh thei a ni. A chang chuan cancer hi hetianga a darh tawh hian hmuhchhuah a ni. Mahse a tam zawkah chuan cancer hi a lo let leh a, a lo darh leh thin a, a tir lama enkawl a nih hnuah a darh leh thin a, a then chu kum tam tak hnuah a darh thin.
I hnute cancer a niCancer hi hmun hla takah a darh tawh a nih chuan a enkawl tum ber chu cancer control hi a ni. Hemi atan hian systemic therapy hi a hman tlanglawn ber a ni. I doctor chuan i natna lan chhuah dan te, a hmaa i enkawl dan te, cancer a darhna hmun te, cancer cell chi hrang hrang te a zirin i enkawl dan tur a rel ang.
Hemi atana enkawlna thar ber berte chu engte nge ni?
TNBC, metastatic leh recurrent breast cancer enkawlnaah hian tun hnaiah nasa takin hma a sawn a ni. Hemi atan hian Chemotherapy hi a enkawl ber a ni. Tunah chuan Doctor-te chuan damdawi dang nena inkawpin an pe ta a ni.
Enkawlna thar dang thenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:
PARP inhibitor te hi a ni
Hengte hi BRCA gene mutations leh HER2-negative leh metastatic cancer vei te cancer cell DNA tichhe thei damdawi chi khat an ni. Entirnan `olaparib (Lynparza)` leh `talazoparib (Talzenna) te hi a ni.` Hengte hian TNBC hmasa ber tan pawh result tha tak an nei a ni.
Immunotherapy hmanga enkawl a ni
Heng enkawlnate hian kan taksa hriselna (immune system) a tichak a, cancer cells te chu a tichhe vek a ni. Chutiang damdawi pakhat chu Pembrolizumab (Keytruda) a ni. Chemotherapy nena pek dun an ni tlangpui.
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) te hi a awm a, a chhuahna tur hmun leh a hmanna tur a awm lo.
Hei hi technology ngaihnawm tak a ni. Damdawi pakhat chu a target thlenga kaihruaitu GPS system angin han ngaihtuah teh. Heng damdawia antibodies te hian cancer cells te chu an zawng a, an inzawm khawm a, an inzawm khawmna nen chuan cancer cell te chu an tichhia a, cell hrisel te chu an tichhe lo. `Sacituzumab govitecan (Trodelvy)` hi ADC damdawi pawm a ni a, advanced TNBC tan a pawm a ni.
Add-on therapies te pawh a awm bawk
Hormone receptor (HR)-positive cancer tan hormone therapy nena hman dun damdawi thar engemaw zat a awm a. Abemaciclib (Verzenio) hi chutiang damdawi pakhat chu a ni.
Hemi kawngah hian hmalam hun eng nge ni?
Researcher-te chuan heng cancer te enkawlna tur kawng hrang hrang tihzauh tumin hma an la reng a, immunotherapy compound thar hmuhchhuah leh enkawlna result hril thei tur marker te hmuhchhuah te pawh a tel.
Natna dang atana phalna pek damdawi te chu TNBC tan a tangkai dawn em tih an chhui mek bawk. PARP inhibitor ang damdawi hi zau zawka hman theih dan tur an chhui mek bawk. Zirna thenkhatah chuan taksa tana \angkai tak tak nanoparticles hmangin damdawi laka inven theih cancer cells te tihhlum an tum bawk.
Chuvangin, hetiang cancer chi nena nun hi a harsa thei a, mahse enkawlna thar beiseina a awm. A pawimawh ber chu i doctor nen inbia fo a, i tana tha ber tur enkawlna tur ruahmanna siam hi a ni.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- Breast cancer thenkhat, a bik takin Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) , hi hormone receptor emaw HER2 protein emaw an tlakchham avangin enkawl a harsa hle.
- Genetic mutations, BRCA1 leh BRCA2 , te hi TNBC i vei theihna tur leh i enkawl dan tur hriat nan a pawimawh hle. TNBC i neih chuan i doctor nen genetic testing chungchang sawipui rawh.
- Metastatic cancer enkawlna tum ber chu natna control hi a ni.
- Tunlai therapies PARP inhibitors, immunotherapy, leh antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) te hian tunah chuan cancer enkawl harsa tak takte tan pawh beiseina nasa tak a pe a ni.
- I dinhmun chu eng pawh ni se, i doctor nen thawhhona tha ber tur thlan reng a pawimawh hle.
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