Kum naupan lai atanga hriatrengna hloh phah thin, thlahtu natna, Familial Alzheimer’s Disease (FAD) chungchang i zir dawn teh ang.

Alzheimer’s kan ngaihtuah hian kum upat deuh deuha lo awm a, zawi zawiin hriatrengna hloh thei natna kan ngaihtuah thin a ni lawm ni? Chu chu a dik a ni. Mi tam zawk chuan kum 65 an tlin hnuah Alzheimer natna hi an vei thin a, mahse, a tlem hle mai, Alzheimer’s chi khat, kum naupang zawkah pawh a awm thei tih i hria em, chu chu kum 30, 40, 50-ah pawh a vei thei? Hei hi genetic influence atanga lo chhuak a ni a , chu chu thlah khat atanga thlah dangah a kal zel a ni . Vawiin hian he thupui hmuh tur awm lo, mahse pawimawh tak, chhungkaw Alzheimer natna, emaw FAD chungchang kan sawi dawn a ni.

Hei hi Alzheimer natna pangngai nen engtin nge a danglam?

Alzheimer natna hi chi hnih a awm a. An pahnih inthlauhna hriatthiamna chuan FAD chu eng nge a nih tih i hrethiam ang.

Engvangin nge he natna FAD an tih hi a lo awm?

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, FAD hi chhungkaw pakhat chhunga thlah khat atanga thlah danga inthlak danglam thin gene mutation pakhat avanga lo awm a ni. Heng mutations te hiGene hian thluaka protein pangngai lo tak tak a siam a. Hun kal zelah hengte hian thluak cell te a tichhe a, hriatrengna leh rilru lam thil dang a tichhe thin.

Hei hi nghawng thei gene lian pathum hmuhchhuah a ni a, chungte chu:

• Presenilin 1 (PSEN1) tih a ni.
• Presenilin 2 (PSEN2) tih a ni.
• Amyloid hmahruaitu protein (APP) .

Heng gene pathum zinga pakhata mutation awm hi FAD thlen nan a tawk a ni. Chung zinga a tam ber chu `PSEN1` an tih gene-a mutation a ni.

He natna vei theihna hlauhawm ber chu tute nge ni?

Hei hi a chiang khawp mai. FAD vei theihna tur risk factor pawimawh ber pakhat chu chhungkaw history a ni . I nu leh pa zinga pakhatin FAD thlentu gene mutation a neih chuan 50% in rochun leh natna vei theihna chance i nei a ni.

Chumi awmzia chu i nu lam hian natna an neih chuan i pi leh pu te, i pi leh pu te, i pi leh pu te pawhin chu natna chu an vei a rinawm tihna a ni. A châng chuan, i nu leh pate chu chhan dang avânga naupang têa an thi a nih chuan, natna an vei leh neih loh i hre lo mai thei. Chutiang hunah chuan i chhungte hlauhawmna hriat a harsa thei hle.

Alzheimer natna pangngai ang lo takin nunphung leh boruak hian FAD lo awm dan hi a nghawng nghal lo. A chhan ber chu genetic inheritance a ni.

He natna lan chhuah dan engte nge ni? Engtin nge i hriat chian?

FAD natna lan chhuahna hi kum 30, 40, 50 atanga i tan a ni tlangpui . A tir lamah chuan hriat harsa tak an ni thei. Chûng inthlâk danglamnate chu i chhûngte emaw, i ṭhiante emaw hriat hmain i hre thei a ni.

A lan chhuah dan ber chu:

• Hriatrengna hloh: Hei hi tar chakna pangngai a ni lo. Tun hnaia thil thleng leh inbiakna te chu i theihnghilh tan thin . He dinhmun hi hun kal zelah a zual zel a ni.
• Apathy: I hlim ṭhin thiltih emaw, i hobby emaw i ngaihven tawh lo mai thei. Hei hi depression ang maiin a lang thei .
• Nungchang leh mize inthlak danglamna: 1.1.Thunun theih loh khawpa thinrim, buai, a nih loh leh a ṭul lo taka rinhlelhna ang chi inthlâk danglamna chu i hmu thei a ni.
• Chet harsa: I taksaah a nghet lo thei a, i kal laiin i tlu thei a, i che zawi thei bawk.
• Tremors : Thunun theih loh khawpa nghing (jerking movements) a awm thei a, kut zungtang atanga tan a, kut leh ke thlengin a darh thei.
• Seizures : Damlo thenkhat chuan seizures an nei thei bawk.
• Thusawi harsatna: Hei hian thumal hmuh harsatna leh thusawi slurring te pawh a huam thei.

A pawimawh ber chu, i nu emaw, i pa emaw kum inang deuhah heng symptoms te hi i nei tan mai thei.

Engtin nge natna hi dik taka kan hriat theih ang?

Heng symptoms te hi i neih chuan i tih hmasak ber tur chu doctor thiam tak pan a ni . Doctor chuan i natna lan chhuah dan te, i hriselna chanchin te, a bik takin i chhungte hriselna chanchin te a zawt ang.

Diagnosis finfiah nan test eng emaw zat tih theih a ni:

1. Cognitive tests: I hriatrengna, ngaihtuahna leh harsatna chinfel theihna ang chi thil tehna zawhna leh thiltih awlsam tak tak zawh turin an ti ang che.

2. Brain scan: CT scan emaw MRI scan emaw hmanga thluak a chhiat emaw, a hrual emaw a awm leh awm loh enfiah theih a ni.

. Hei hi thisen test awlsam tak a ni. Hei hian `APP`, `PSEN1`, emaw `PSEN2` genes-a mutation i neih leh neih loh a hril thei a ni.

Hei hi eng enkawlna nge ni?

Vanduaithlak takin FAD damdawi emaw, natna zual zel tur titawp thei tur damdawi emaw a awm lo. Mahse, damdawi engemaw zat a awm a, chu chuan natna lan chhuah dan control thei leh nunphung tha zawk engemaw zat vawng reng thei a ni.

I doctor chuan enkawlna hrang hrang a rawt thei ang:

• Damdawi cholinesterase inhibitor leh memantine te hian hriatrengna nena inzawm symptoms te chu a control thei a ni.
• Damdawi (SSRI) ang chi te hian mood swing leh nungchang lama harsatna (thinrim, lungngaihna) te control turin a pui thei a ni.
• Taksa lama natna lan chhuahna, khur, rilru hahna, leh rilru hahna te tan damdawi hran hran.
• Psychotherapy hian rilru lama chakna nei reng turin a pui thei bawk.

Natna a nasat chuan eng harsatna nge thleng thei?

Hun kal zelah natna a zual zel chuan harsatna chi hrang hrang a thleng thei a ni. Che thei lo leh kal theih loh hian khum natna , vun natna leh thisen zam a thlen thei a ni .

Harsatna pawimawh leh hlauhawm ber pakhat chu ei leh in ei harsat hi a ni . Hei hian ei tur chi hrang hrang leh tui chu trachea kaltlangin lung chhungah a lut palh thei a ni. Hei hian lungah bacteria lutin pneumonia na tak (aspiration pneumonia) a thlen thei a ni. Hei hi Alzheimer natna vei te thihna thlentu lian tak a ni.

He natna hi engtin nge kan nunpui ang?

FAD hi tihtawp theih ni lo mah se, natna nena in nun chhung chu a nuam thei ang bera leh a quality tha thei ang bera siam turin nang leh i chhungte tih theih engemaw zat a awm.

• A theih ang angin rilru lama thawkrim takin awm rawh: I thluak tichak thei thil, lehkhabu chhiar leh puzzle awlsam tak tak chinfel ang chi thilah te tel rawh.
• Taksa chak takin awm rawh: I doctor-in a rawt angin exercise awlsam tak tak a theih ang angin ti rawh.
• Ei leh in hrisel ei rawh.
• Stress tihziaawmna: Meditation leh deep breathing exercise ang chi thilte hian a pui thei a ni.
• Chhungte leh thiante tanpuina pawm rawh: He zinkawng hi mahni chauha paltlang a harsa hle. Hmangaihte thlawpna hi a pawimawh hle.
• Support group-ah tel ve rawh: Hetiang hian damlo leh an chhungte tanpuitu pawl hrang hrang a\angin \anpuina leh hriatna dawng rawh.

FAD hi natna khirh tak a ni a, mahse hriatna dik tak, damdawi inenkawlna dik tak, leh chhungkaw hmangaihna leh thlawpna te nen chuan he harsatna hi hmachhawn theih a ni.