HIV leh AIDS chungchang hi i zir belh zel ang u. (HIV leh AIDS) Hlau suh, i sawi dun ang u!

HIV leh AIDS chungchang hi i hre tawh ngei ang. Tlem i hlau deuh pawh a ni mai thei. Mahse, lungngai suh. A pawimawh ber chu hemi chungchang hi kimchang taka hriat chian a ni. Vawiin hian awlsam takin, i hriatthiam theih tur angin kan sawi dawn a ni. A chhan chu heng thilte hriat hi nangmah leh i hmangaihte tan a pawimawh em em a ni.

HIV chu eng nge ni? AIDS hi eng nge ni? A awlsam zawngin i hrethiam ang u!

Awle, HIV chu eng nge a nih kan en hmasa phawt ang u. HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) hi kan taksaa immune system beitu virus a ni. Kan ram humhalhtu sipaite ang bawk hian kan taksa immune system pawh chutiang chu a ni. He system hi natna laka min vengtu a ni. HIV virus hian he defence system hi direct-in a bei a ni.

Tunah chuan AIDS hi eng nge a nih kan en ang u. AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) hi HIV hrik kai hun hnuhnung ber, na ber a ni. HIV hrik hian hun rei tak chhung immune system a tihchhiat a, a chak lo hle a, AIDS hi a lo awm thin.

A pawimawh ber chu tun dinhmunah HIV/AIDS damdawi a la awm lo. Amaherawhchu tuna enkawl dan (`damdawi`) hmang hian HIV vei chu dam rei tak leh hrisel takin a nung thei a ni. Chuvangin, a hmaa hriatchhuah leh enkawl dan dik a pawimawh hle.

HIV taksaa a luh hian eng nge thleng tak tak?

Kan immune system hian sipai pawl bik a nei ang tih han ngaihtuah teh. Anni hi `CD4` cell an ti a . Mi thenkhat chuan ` T` cells an ti bawk. Heng `CD4` cells te hi kan taksaa lut hrik leh natna hrik dotu an ni a, cancer chi hrang hrang lo awm tur venna atan pawh an pui bawk.

HIV hrik hi a finthlak hle mai. Kan defence force-a heng `CD4` cell pawimawh ber berte hi beih tumin a kal nghal a ni. Virus hian heng cell-ah hian a lut a, a thunun a, a copy sang tam tak a siam chhuak a ni. Tichuan chu `CD4` cell chu a tichhia a, virus lo piang tharte chuan `CD4` cell hrisel dangte chu an bei zui ta a ni. Chutiang chuan HIV hrik hi kan taksaah a darh zel a ni.

AIDS a lo thlen hian eng nge thleng?

Hun a kal zel a, HIV hrik hian `CD4` cell tam tak a tichhe zauh zauh a. Tichuan kan immune system a chak lo hle a. Sipai nei lo ram ang mai a ni. Hei hi AIDS an tih hi a ni.

AIDS dinhmun kan thlen chuan taksain natna a do theihna chu nasa takin a tlahniam a. Chumi avang chuan natna tenau, a tlangpuiin min nghawng vak lo pawh hi a nasat phah thei a ni. Infection na tak tak leh hriselna lama harsatna hrang hrang a lo awm tan thin.

HIV hrik kai chhinchhiahnate chu engte nge ni? Mi zawng zawng tan an inang em?

HIV hrik kai lan chhuah dan hi mi zawng zawng tan a inang vek lo. Infection stage a zirin an danglam bawk.

Stage hmasa ber: Acute HIV infection

Hei hi mi pakhatin hri kai a neih hmasak ber a ni.

• A tlangpuiin hri hi taksaa a luh atanga kar 2 leh kar 4 inkarah a lan chhuah tan thin.
• Heng symptoms te hi ni engemaw zat atanga kar tlemte thleng a awm thei.
• Chûng mizia chu engte nge ni?
• Khawsik
• Lu na
• Taksa na ( muscle pain ) .
• Glands hring (swollen glands) .
• Vun a hring chhuak
• Mahse mi thenkhat chuan symptoms na lo tak tak an nei a, a nih loh leh symptoms an nei lo. Chuvangin tun dinhmunah hian HIV i vei tih hriat a harsa thei hle.

A dawt leh tur: HIV hrik kai rei tawh

Hetih lai hian mi pakhat chuan natna lan chhuahna a nei lo tak tak thei a, a nih loh leh chhinchhiahna na lo tak tak chauh a nei thei bawk .

• Mi pakhat chu kum 5 emaw kum 10 emaw chhung chu symptom-free-in a awm thei a, mahse he virus hian taksa chhunga CD4 cells te chu active takin a tichhia chhunzawm zel a ni.
• Mi ṭhenkhat chu hetiang dinhmun aṭang hian a nasat zawkna dang, AIDS -ah rang takin an kal thei a ni.

A pawi ber chu: AIDS a ni

Hei hi HIV hrik kai nasat ber leh a tawp ber a ni. Hetih lai hian immune system a chak lo hle tawh a ni.

• Thinrim lutuk (thau tihtlem rang tak - ` rihna tlahniam rang tak` ).
• Khawsik fo thin.
• Chau lutuk tih hriatna .
• Lymph node te chu a hring chhunzawm zel a.
• Lung infection na tak a awm thei a, chu chu `Pneumocystis pneumonia` an ti a ni.
• Stool loose chhunzawm zel (diarrhea).
• Kawngkhar, hnute leh mipat hmeichhiatna hmun vel ah hian hliam a lo awm thin.
• Cancer chi thenkhat chu a lo awm thei a.
• Vun lama harsatna hrang hrang (e.g. eczema, rashes) a awm thei.

Engtin nge HIV hi mi pakhat atanga mi dangah a kai theih? Hei hi chiang takin i zawng chhuak ang u!

HIV hi hri kai taksaa a luh atanga taksa tui hmanga kai a ni. Heng fluid te hi a bik takin:

• Thisen
• Semen (`semen`) tih a ni.
• Vaginal fluids a awm thin
• Nu hnute tui

HIV hrik kai dan tlangpui chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Unprotected sex atanga: A bik takin anal sex leh vaginal sex neih laiin condom hman loh chuan.
• Needle insem hmangin:Mi engemaw zatin ruihhlo an inject emaw, tattoo an siam emaw hunah needle khat an hman hian.
• Healthcare worker ang mite chu thisen hrik kai needle in a hliam thei a ni .
• Nu atanga naute: HIV hrik kai nu atanga a fa hnenah naupai lai, nau neih lai emaw, nau hnute pek lai emaw hian a kai theih a ni. Mahse, tunah chuan hei hi venna tur damdawi tha tak tak a awm ta a ni.

HIV hrik kai loh dan tur engte nge ni? Hemi chungchang hi chiang takin zir rawh!

Mi tam tak chuan HIV inkaichhawn danah ngaihdan dik lo an nei a. Hei hian ṭul lova hlauhna a siam a ni. HIV hi hengte hmang hian a kai theih loh :

• Zun (`pee`), poop (`poop`), chil (`spit`), luak (`throw-up`), thawmhnaw (thisen nena inhmeh a nih loh chuan).
• Khuh leh thawk hah atanga.
• Kut inthlakna hmangin, kuah chungin.
• Plate khat atanga ei a, tui glass khat hmanga ei.
• Rannung, rulhut ang chi atanga lak a ni.

Pawimawh: HIV hrik kai mi pakhat nena khawsak, thawhpui leh inpawh tawnna a\angin HIV kai theih a ni lo. Chuvang chuan HIV vei te thliar hran leh thliar hran tur a awm lo.

Engtin nge HIV i vei tih chiang taka i hriat theih ang?

HIV i vei leh vei loh hriat theihna awmchhun chu thisen test neih hi a ni. He test hi doctor hnen atangin i la thei ang.

• Test hian taksaah HIV virus a awm tih a finfiah chuan chu mi chu "HIV positive" a ni an ti .
• Tunah chuan damdawi dawr atang pawhin damdawi inah damdawi in enfiah theih a ni tawh. Mahse, home test a positive leh a nih chuan damdawi inah test belh leh doctor thurawn dil turin i kal ngei ngei tur a ni.

HIV vei chu engtin nge i enkawl? Lungngai suh, tunah hian enkawlna tha tak a awm ta!

Tunah chuan HIV vei tam tak chu damdawi `Antiretrovirals` tih hmangin nun pangngai, hrisel takin an nung thei tawh a ni. Heng damdawi te hi `ART` (Antiretroviral Therapy) an ti bawk.

• Heng damdawi te hian taksaa HIV virus awm zat tihtlem nan hna an thawk a (hei hi `viral load` an ti a ni ). Virus a tlem chuan `CD4` cell tihchhiat tawhte chu an lo thang leh tan a, chu chu `CD4` cells a pung tihna a ni.
• Enkawlna tum ber chu thisen test-a hriat theih loh khawpa taksaa virus awm zat tihtlem hi a ni. Hei hi virus level "undetectable" an ti a. To get to this level , nitin thla 3 atanga thla 6 tal damdawi hi i ei a ngai a ni.
• Damdawi hi a tih ang chiaha i ei chhunzawm chuan he `undetectable` level-ah hian viral load chu i dah thei ang. Mahse, damdawi i ei tawh loh chuan viral load chu rang takin a pung leh ang.Chuvang chuan doctor-in a tih hma loh chuan damdawi ei kha bansan mai tur a ni lo.

HIV damdawi a awm tih hre reng ang che! Chuvangin a hmaa hriatchhuah leh enkawl hmasak hian hrisel, dam rei tak nun theihna chance tha zawk a pe che a ni.

HIV laka inven nan eng nge kan tih ang?

HIV laka invenna tur chuan heng thilte hi kan fimkhur vek a ngai a ni. Hemi chungchang hi kan fate leh thalai te zirtir a pawimawh zual hle.

• Eng thil vang pawha midang hman tawh needle hmang ngai suh. Ruihhlo inject-naah te, tattoo-ah te, beng i tihchhiat hunah emaw hmanraw thar, sterilized chauh hmang ang che.
• Mimal thil thisen nena inzawm thei, razor leh toothbrush te chu midangte hnenah hlan suh.
• Mi dang thisen (e.g., hliam atanga thisen) khawih loh tur. I tih ngei ngei tur a nih chuan gloves ha rawh.
• Mipat hmeichhiatna hmanpui i nih chuan mipat hmeichhiatna i hman apiangin (vaginal, oral, or anal) latex condom dik taka hmang thin ang che. Hei hi mipat hmeichhiatna lama HIV hrik darh tur venna tha ber a ni.

HIV vei chuan midangte hnena a darh loh nan eng nge a tih ang?

HIV vei mi tan chuan mawhphurhna nei taka che a pawimawh hle. An tih theih ṭhenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Medical team-in damdawi an pek `Antiretrovirals` chu dik takin, a hun takah, leh a pek zat angin ei thin ang che. Hei hian i hriselna a tichangtlung mai bakah midang hri kai theihna pawh nasa takin a tihziaawm dawn a ni.
• I needle hman tawhte chu eng vang pawhin midang hnenah share suh.
• Mimal thil thisen chhuak thei, razor leh toothbrush te chu midangte hnenah share suh.
• I taksaah hliam emaw, hliam emaw i neih chuan bandage hmangin uluk takin khuh rawh.
• Mipat hmeichhiatna hmanpui a nih chuan:
• I HIV dinhmun chungchangah hian i mipat hmeichhiatna hmanpuite nen rinawm takin sawi rawh. HIV test nei turin fuih bawk ang che.
• I kawppui HIV kai theihna tur tihziaawmna turin nitin damdawi bik i ei theih a awm a. A hming chu `PrEP` (Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis) tih a ni. Hemi chungchang hi doctor nena inbiakna hmangin i hre belh thei ang.

Hei hi hre reng ang che: Antiretrovirals dik taka i ei a, viral load hriat theih loh i neih chuan sex hmanga midang hnena HIV i kai theih a rinawm loh. Hei hi thuchah pawimawh tak a ni. Mahse, kawng dang, hnute pek emaw, needle insem emaw hmanga darh theihna chance a tlem hle thei.

Hemi chungchangah hian eng nge kan hriat belh ngai?

HIV hi hlauh tur a ni lo va, uluk taka enkawl ngai dinhmun a ni.

• I damdawi i ei dik a, i damdawi lam enkawlna pangngai i zawm chuan,HIV vei te hi mi dang ang bawkin dam rei tak, hrisel tak leh hlim takin an nung thei a ni.
• I fain HIV emaw AIDS emaw a vei tih i hriat chuan thil mak tak a ni thei. Mahse, i fate tanpui nan thil tam tak i tih theih a awm a:
• I fa chu ni ruat saah doctor tlawh turin hruai ngei ang che.
• Damdawi pek zawng zawng chu i fa hnenah dik takin, a hun takah leh a pek angin pe rawh.
• Follow-up blood test mamawh zawng zawng chu a hun taka tih vek vek tur a ni.
• I fa chu HIV/AIDS chu eng nge a nih, engtin nge a kai tih leh a kai loh dan a hriatthiam theih nan hrilhfiah rawh. Zawhna a neih apiang chhang rawh.
• I fa chu taksa chak taka awm reng tûr te, mut ṭhat theih nân te, leh ei tûr ṭha tak tak ei tûrin ṭanpui rawh .
• Nangmah chauh i ni lo tih hre reng ang che. I fa medical care team te chu nang leh i fa tanpui turin an awm reng a ni. I fa enkawlna tha ber i neih theih nan an pui ang che a, chubakah nangmah leh i chhungkaw dangte tan pawh rilru lama puihna an pe bawk ang che.

## Thâwk khatin kan sawi tawhte kha i hrechhuak leh ang u (Take-Home Message)

Awle, vawiin khan HIV leh AIDS chungchang kan sawi nasa hle a ni lawm ni? A tawi zawngin:

• HIV hi immune system beitu virus a ni. AIDS hi a nasat ber a ni.
• HIV hi invenna tel lo sex hmanga kai a ni ber a, hri kai needle insem a, nu atanga naute kai a ni .
• HIV hi casual contact, ei leh in insem, leh thosi atanga kai a ni lo.
• HIV hmuhchhuah nan thisen test i neih a ngai a ni.
• Tuna antiretroviral enkawlna hman mek hmang hian HIV vei te chu hrisel takin, dam rei tak an nung thei a ni. A pawimawh ber chu damdawi ei dik leh mumal taka ei hi a ni.
• Viral load chu ``undetectable'' level-a tihhniam a nih chuan mipat hmeichhiatna hmanga HIV kai theihna hi a awm tawh lo tluk a ni.
• HIV laka inven nan condom hman leh needle insem loh ang chi thil hi a pawimawh hle.
• HIV vei te hnenah kan hmangaihna, ngilneihna leh tanpuina pe rawh. Anmahni chu marginalize suh.

Hemi chungchang hi hriat belh duh chuan HIVinfo.NIH.gov leh CDC (The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) te ang website te hi i tlawh thei ang. Tin, Sri Lanka rama sorkar damdawi in-a mipat hmeichhiatna hmanga kai theih natna enkawlna (`STD clinics`) a\angin hemi chungchangah hian thurawn leh service dik tak i dawng thei bawk.

Hlau suh, rinhlelhna i neih chuan test la. Hrechiang rawh. Hrisel takin awm rawh!

` HIV, AIDS, HIV, AIDS, enkawl dan, a lan chhuah dan, a kai theih dan