Mi dang aiin natna i nei tam zawk angin i inhria em, chutianga i dam chuan i dam leh theih nan hun rei zawk a ngai tih i inhria em? Hei hi a chhan pakhat chu i taksa invenna system, immune system a thawk tha lo vang a ni thei. Damdawi lamah chuan he natna hi ‘Immunocompromised’ kan ti thin. Hemi chungchang hi vawiinah hian thumal awlsam takin han sawi ila.
Engtin nge immune system hniam hian hriselna atana hlauhawm a thlen?
A awlsam zawngin ‘Immunocompromised’ tih hian i immune system a chak lo tihna a ni. He system hian kan taksaa lut virus, bacteria , leh fungi ang chi natna hrik te chu a do thei lo. Hei hian natna khirh tak tak i neih theihna a tipung a , chu chu hriselna atana hlauhawm tak a ni.
Hetiang hian han ngaihtuah teh: kan immune system hi ram pakhat humhimtu sipai ang a ni. He sipai hi a chak loh chuan pawn lam hmelma (germ) te chu awlsam takin an lut thei a, harsatna an thlen thei bawk.
A châng chuan immune system chu a overactive , chu chuan asthma , allergies , leh autoimmune diseases ang chi dinhmun a thlen thei a, chutah chuan taksain a cell a bei thei a ni. Mahse vawiin hian immune system chak lo chungchang kan sawi dawn a ni.
‘Immunocompromised’ condition, a nih loh leh immunodeficiency hi kawng lian pahnih a awm thei.
| Immunodeficiency chi khat a ni | Hrilhfiahna |
|---|---|
| Primary Immune tlakchhamna a awm | Hengte hi pian tirh laia awm thin dinhmunte an ni. Natna thlahtute an ni a, genetic mutations avanga lo awm tlangpui an ni. |
| Secondary Immune tlakchhamna a awm | Hengte hi nakin lawka lo awm thin dinhmunte an ni. Natna dang emaw, damdawi emaw, enkawlna dang emaw avanga immune system a chak loh chuan an lo awm thin. |
Immunity tlahniam chhante chu engte nge ni?
A hmaa kan sawi tawh ang khan a chhan hi chi hnihah then theih a ni.
1. Pianpui (primary) chhan
Hengte hi genetic condition awm lo tak tak an ni. Heng dinhmunah hian immune system thenkhat a bo thei a, a thawk tha lo thei a, a lian lo thei bawk. Entirna thenkhat chu:
- Congenital neutropenia syndromes te hi a awm thei a ni
- Combined immunodeficiency (SCID) na tak a awm thei.
- Wiskott-Aldrich natna vei a ni
- Immunodeficiency ( CVID ) a awm tlangpui.
- Natna rei tak granulomatous (CGD) .
2. A hnu lama (secondary) chhan
Hei hi hri kai tam ber a ni. Natna dang emaw, enkawlna dang emaw avanga immune system a chak loh chuan a thleng thin.
Damdawi lam enkawlna leh damdawi hman dan: 1.1.
- Cancer natna damdawi chemotherapy hmanga enkawl a ni
- Radiation hmanga enkawlna a ni
- Steroids te chu prednisone te hi a ni
- Immune tichhe thei damdawi, methotrexate ang chi te
- Organ transplant hnua damdawi pek thin
- Stem cell thlak danglam a ni
Hun rei tak chhunga natna thenkhat:
- Cancer: A bik takin ruhro cancer.
- HIV hrik kai: He virus hian immune system direct-in a bei a.
- Diabetes: Thisen sugar level a san chuan thisen var, hrik dotu hnathawh a tlahniam a.
- Graft leh host natna a ni
- Steven-Johnson natna a ni
A chhan dangte chu:
- Kum upa lam: Kan upat deuh deuh hian taksain immune cell a siam chhuah zat a tlahniam a, chu chuan natna vei theihna a tipung a ni.
- Nutritional deficiencies: Zinc, selenium, leh vitamin B12 te ang chi nutrient pawimawh tak tak tlakchhamna.
- Kangmei lian tak tak a awm
- Ei leh in lama harsatna (undernutrition) a awm
Immune system chak lohna chhinchhiahnate chu engte nge ni?
I damdawi emaw, enkawlna emaw i ei hian i taksa hriselna a tichak lo a nih chuan i doctor chuan a hriattir ang che . Mahse heng symptoms te hi fimkhur bawk ang che:
- Hri kai emaw, natna emaw a awm fo thin .
- Infection ang chiah a lo lang leh thin .
- Damdawi atanHri kai chhanna nei lo.
- Khawsik ang chi natna tlanglawn tak chu i tan a na hle thei (e.g., khawsik chu pneumonia na takah a chang thei).
- Sinus leh lung infection awm fo thin.
- Khawsik leh khawsik.
- Rihna tihtlem.
- Chronic diarrhea a awm thin.
- Naupang tê têah chuan, ṭhan chak lohna .
Hri kai laka inven nan eng nge kan tih ang?
Immune system chak lo nei tan chuan infection ven hi a pawimawh ber a ni . Hetiang fimkhurna hi i dam chhung zawng i hman a ngai mai thei a, a bik takin taksa peng dang i thlak tawh emaw, pianpui natna i neih emaw chuan.
I tih theih ṭhenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:
- Doctor in damdawi a pek chu a hun takah ei tur a ni .
- Damlote lakah inthiarfihlim rawh .
- Mipui tamna hmuna kal chu a theih ang angin pumpelh rawh. I kal ngei ngei tur a nih chuan mask vuah rawh .
- Sahbawn leh tui hmangin i kut uluk takin sil thin ang che .
- Tui thianghlim tam tak in thin ang che .
- Mimal faina tha tak vawng reng rawh .
- A theih phawt chuan cut leh scratch tih loh tur.
- Chaw tui tak tak chauh ei rawh . Chaw raw emaw undercooked emaw ei loh tur.
- Tui bawlhhlawh awm thei, swimming pool, lui leh luipuiah te inbual loh tur.
- I vaccine zawng zawng chu a hun takah la vek rawh . Hemi chungchang hi i doctor nen sawiho rawh.
- Safe sex chauh hmang rawh .
Enkawlna leh hriselna enkawlna tha a awm chuan mi tam zawk chuan nun pangngaiin an hmang thei a ni. Mahse, a châng chuan hri kai tenau pawh hi emergency a ni thei tih hre reng ang che. Chuvângin, i dam lo deuh a nih chuan i doctor chu biak nghâl rawh .
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- ‘Immunocompromised’ tih awmzia chu i taksa natna dotu Immune system a chak lo tihna a ni.
- Hetiang dinhmun hi pian tirh atanga lo awm, natna chi hrang hrang cancer, zunthlum, HIV, leh damdawi lam enkawlna thenkhat avanga lo awm thei a ni.
- Infection neih fo leh dam rei lutuk hi symptom pawimawh tak a ni.
- Immune system chak lo nei tan chuan a pawimawh ber chu natna hrik laka inven hi a ni. Chutiang ti tur chuan faina leh himna dan zawm a pawimawh hle.
- I damlo emaw, rinhlelhna i neih chuan tihkhawtlai lohvin doctor rawn la, thurawn la rawh.
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