Pērā i te tangata he ngoikore te tirohanga ka taea te kite mārama i te ao ina mau ana i ngā mōhiti, kāore? Waihoki, ka taea e ngā rongoā mō te ADHD te āwhina i te hunga whai ADHD ki te arotahi i ō rātou whakaaro, te aukati i a rātou kei whakararuraruhia e ngā mea koretake, me te whakahaere i ā rātou whanonga. Kāore e taea e ēnei rongoā te whakaora katoa i te ADHD, engari ka taea e rātou te āwhina ki te whakahaere i ngā tohu me te āwhina i a rātou ki te mahi pai ake i a rātou e tango ana i te rongoā.
Tuatahi, he aha te ADHD?
He whakarāpopototanga noa iho, he mate whanaketanga roro tino noa te ADHD (Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder). Tērā pea ka nui rawa te hihiri o ngā tamariki e pāngia ana e tēnei mate, ka whakaatu i ngā whanonga ohorere, ā, ka uaua ki a rātou te aro, te whai i ngā tohutohu, me te whakaoti i ngā mahi.
Ko ngā tohumate ADHD e tīmata ana i te tamarikitanga ka mau tonu ki te pakeketanga. E ai ki ētahi rangahau tae atu ki te 90% o ngā tohumate o te tamarikitanga ka mau tonu ki te pakeketanga. I ētahi wā, kāore te tangata e mōhio kei a rātou te ADHD tae noa ki te pakeketanga.
Tērā pea ka uaua ki ngā pakeke whai ADHD te whai i ngā tohutohu, te maumahara ki ngā kōrero, te arotahi, me te whakarite i ngā mahi. Heoi, tera pea he rerekē te āhua o ngā tohu o ngā pakeke i ngā tohu o ngā tamariki. Hei tauira, ko te hihiko o te tamaiti he rite ki te tino koretake o te noho i roto i te pakeke.
He aha te mea e tupu ana me ngā rongoā ADHD?
He rerekē te mahi a ngā rongoā ADHD i runga i te momo rongoā e hoatu ana. Engari ko te nuinga o ngā rongoā ADHD ka mahi mā te whakanui ake i ngā taumata o ngā matū nui (ngā neurotransmitters) i roto i tō tātou roro. Ko ngā matū tino nui o ēnei ko te dopamine me te norepinephrine.
I te pikinga ake o ēnei taumata, ka tīmata te mana o ngā tohu ADHD. Ko te tikanga tēnei:
- Ka nui ake te wā e taea ai e koe te arotahi ki tētahi mea.
- Ka heke te nui o te mahi.
- Ka whakahaerehia te whanonga tūpono.
- Ka pai ake te kaha ki te whakamahere me te whakarite i ngā mahi o ia rā (te ngoikore o te mahi a te kaiwhakahaere).
Ko te mea nui, kāore e rite te mahi a ngā rongoā ADHD mō te katoa. Ko te mea e pai ana mō te tangata kotahi, kāore pea e pai mōu, mō tāu tamaiti rānei. Nō reira, kaua e whakaaro ko te rongoā tuatahi ka tīmata koe ki te whakamahi koia te mea tika. Kāore pea e pai, he pānga taha whakarihariha rānei. Ahakoa he tika te rongoā, me whakarerekē pea te horopeta.
Nō reira, kia tino kōrero koe ki tō tākuta mō ngā rongoā katoa, ngā huaora, me ngā tāpiringa e tangohia ana e koe, e tāu tamaiti rānei, tae atu ki te nui o te kawheine e inuhia ana e koe i ia rā, pērā i te kawhe.Nā te mea ka pā kino pea te tango tahi i ētahi rongoā ki te tinana.
Tērā pea ka whakamātau tō tākuta i ngā rongoā rerekē me ngā horopeta rerekē kia kitea rā anō e rātou te rongoā me te horopeta tika mōu, mō tāu tamaiti rānei. I taua wā, ka aroturukihia koe e rātou, ka whakatikatikaina te horopeta kia kitea ai te taurite pai i waenga i ngā painga o te rongoā me ngā pānga taha. Kia kitea rā anō te rongoā me te horopeta tika, ka taea e te nuinga o te hunga whai ADHD te whakahaere pai i ō rātou tohumate.
He aha ngā rongoā mō te ADHD?
Ko te nuinga o te wā ka rongoāhia te ADHD mā ngā rongoā whakaohooho me ngā rongoā kore-whakaohooho. I ētahi wā ka tohua pea he rongoā ārai pouri.
Ngā mea whakaohooho
Koinei ngā rongoā e tino tohua ana mō te ADHD. Ahakoa te ingoa "whakaohooho", kāore ēnei e tino whakaohooho i a koe. Ka whakanui ake i ngā taumata o te dopamine me te norepinephrine i roto i tō roro. He mea nui ēnei matū mō tō aro, tō kaha whakaaro, me tō hihiri. Kua whakaatuhia e ngā rangahau tata ki te 80% o ngā tamariki whai ADHD ka heke ngā tohu ina kitea e rātou te rongoā me te horopeta whakaohooho tika.
E kiia ana ēnei rongoā he matū whakahaere. Ko te tikanga he pea ka whakamahia kinotia, ka warangatia rānei. Heoi, he tino haumaru ina tangohia i raro i te tirotiro a te tākuta. I mua i te whakahaunga i te rongoā, ka mahi pea tō tākuta i tētahi EKG hei tirotiro i ngā raruraru manawataki o te ngakau kāore i kitea.
E rua ngā momo whakaohooho:
- Tukunga-tonu/mahi-poto: Ka tangohia ēnei i te nuinga o te wā ina hiahiatia. E 4 hāora te roa. Ina memeha haere ngā pānga o tēnei momo rongoā, ka pāngia ētahi tāngata e te "pānga pakaru" me te "pānga whakaora". Ko te tikanga tēnei ka ngaro ohorere te kaha, ka tino hiakai, ā, ka pāngia ētahi tāngata e te hekenga ohorere o te wairua.
- Tukunga-roa/mahi-roa: Ka tangohia ēnei i te ata kotahi i te rā. Ko ētahi e mahi ana mō ngā hāora 6-8, ko ētahi e roa ana ki te 16 hāora. Ka whakaitihia e ēnei rongoā te piki me te heke o te kaha me te wairua puta noa i te rā. Ka whakaitihia hoki te hiahia mō tētahi horopeta tāpiri i te kura, i te mahi rānei.
Ngā mea kore-whakaohooho
He rongoā whakahaunga anō hoki ēnei, engari ehara i te mea he matū whakahaeretia pērā i ngā mea whakaohooho. Ko te tikanga he iti ake te tūponotanga o te waranga, te tukino rānei. Ko te nuinga o tā rātou mahi he whakanui ake i te taumata o te norepinephrine i roto i te roro.
Ka roa ake te mahi a ēnei rongoā i ngā mea whakaohooho. Me tango tonu te rongoā mō te 3-4 wiki pea kia tino kitea ai ngā hua.Engari ka taea hoki e ēnei te whakahaere i tō aro, tō taunga, me tō kaha o te ngākau. Ka taea e rātou te noho pukumahi mō te 24 hāora.
He maha ngā take ka tohua ai e te tākuta tēnei momo rongoā:
- Mena kāore e whai hua te rongoā whakaohooho.
- Mena kei te pāngia koe e ngā pānga taha e kore e taea te manawanui mai i ngā mea whakaohooho.
- Ki te hiahia koe ki te whakanui ake i ngā hua, hoatu tahi me ngā mea whakaohooho.
Ngā rongoā ārai pouri
Ehara ēnei i te rongoā kua whakaaetia mō te rongoā ADHD. Heoi, i ētahi wā ka tohua ēnei e ngā tākuta ko rātou anake, ka tohua rānei me ngā rongoā whakaohooho mō te ADHD. Ka pāngia hoki ngā taumata dopamine me te norepinephrine i roto i te roro e ngā rongoā ārai pouri mō te ADHD.
He pānga taha rānei ō ngā rongoā ADHD?
Āe, tino. Tērā pea ka puta ngā pānga taha ina tīmata koe ki te tango i te rongoā. Engari he wā poto noa iho ēnei, ā, kāore i te tino kino. Ka memeha haere i muri i ētahi wiki i te wā e taunga ana tō tinana ki te rongoā. Engari i ētahi wā, ka kino, ka roa rānei.
Ko ngā pānga taha e kitea whānuitia ana ko:
- Te ngaronga o te hiahia kai: E 80% pea o te hunga e tango ana i ngā rongoā whakaohooho ka pāngia e tēnei.
- Te whakahekenga taumaha: Ka taea te whakahaere i tēnei mā te tango i te rongoā i muri i te kai, mā te tāpiri rānei i ngā mea pēnei i te inu pūmua ki tō kai.
- Te uaua ki te moe: Kei roto i tēnei ko te uaua ki te moe me te ara ake i ngā wā katoa. Mā te whakarerekē i te wā o te rā e tango ana koe i tō rongoā ka āwhina i te whakaiti i tēnei ki te nui.
Ētahi atu pānga taha:
- Pānga whakaora: He ngenge rangitahi, he pukuriri nui, he rerekētanga rānei o te wairua i te memeha haere o te rongoā.
- Manukanuka: Te tīmatanga hou, te kino haere rānei o te manukanuka.
- Ngā tīki: Ngā nekehanga ohorere, ngā oro rānei e pūmau ana (hei tauira, te kimo kanohi, te whakawātea korokoro). Kāore ngā tīki e puta mai i ngā rongoā ADHD, engari ka kitea ake pea i te kore rongoā.
- Te mamae o te puku: ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te whakapairuaki me te ruaki.
- Ngā panonitanga o te toto toto me te tere o te ngakau: Ka taea e ētahi rongoā te whakanui ake i te toto toto. Ka piki ake pea te tere o te ngakau. Kāore tēnei i te mea morearea, engari ki te mea he hītori mate ngakau tōu, tō tamaiti rānei , me kōrero koe ki tō tākuta.
Ki te kore ēnei pānga taha e memeha i muri i ētahi wiki, ka taea pea e tō tākuta te whakahaere i aua pānga mā te whakarerekē i te horopeta, te wā rānei o tō rongoā, te whakawhiti i a koe ki tētahi rongoā roa ake te mahi, te whakamātau rānei i tētahi momo rongoā rerekē.
Ka taea te whakahaere i te ADHD me te kore rongoā?
Ko te rongoā te huarahi tuatahi ki te rongoā i te ADHD.Kua whakaatuhia e ngā rangahau e 80% o ngā tamariki e angitu ana ki te rongoā. Engari tera pea kei te wehi koe i ngā pānga taha o te rongoā, kāore rānei koe e pai ki te tango rongoā mō tētahi atu take.
He kōwhiringa pai te whakaora whanonga mō te tini o te tangata. Ko te whakaora whanonga he whakaako me te whakapakari i ngā whanonga pai me te whakaiti i ngā whanonga kino, kāore e hiahiatia.
- Mō ngā tamariki kei raro iho i te 6 tau te pakeke: E taunakihia ana kia whiwhi ngā mātua i te whakangungu mō te whakahaere whanonga. Mā tēnei, ka taea e ngā mātua te ako i ngā tikanga me ngā tikanga hei āwhina i tā rātou tamaiti.
- I muri i te 6 tau: E taunakihia ana te rongoā whanonga me te rongoā anō hoki. He wāhanga nui anō hoki te kura o te tamaiti i roto i tēnei mahere maimoatanga.
| Momo rongoā | Ngā tauira e whakamahia whānuitia ana (Ingoa Whānui / Ingoa Waitohu) |
|---|---|
| Ngā mea whakaohooho | Methylphenidate (Ritalin, Concerta), Amphetamine (Adderall, Vyvanse) |
| Ngā mea kore-whakaohooho | Atomoxetine (Strattera), Guanfacine (Intuniv) |
| Ngā rongoā ārai pouri (E whakamahia ana i ētahi wā) | Bupropion (Wellbutrin) |
Kia pēhea te roa me tango e au tēnei rongoā?
He mate mō te wā roa te ADHD, kāore he rongoā. Nō reira, me tango pea koe i tētahi rongoā hei whakahaere i ō tohumate. Ki te kitea e koe tētahi rongoā e whai hua ana mōu, ā, e whakahaere ana i ō tohumate, tera pea he pai ki te tango i taua rongoā mō te toenga o tō oranga. Ko tō tākuta te tangata pai hei kōrero atu mō tēnei.
Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga
- He rite ngā rongoā ADHD ki ngā mōhiti kanohi. Ka āwhina i te roro kia arotahi, kia āta whakaarohia hoki ōna whakaaro.
- Ka whakataurite ēnei rongoā i ngā matū roro, ka whakahaere hoki i te aro, te whakahaere whanonga, me te ngohe.
- Tērā pea ka roa te wā ki te kimi i te rongoā me te horopeta tika māu, mā tāu tamaiti rānei. He mea nui kia mahi tahi koe me tō tākuta i tēnei haerenga.
- He mea noa ngā pānga taha, engari he wā poto noa iho. Kaua e manukanuka ki ēnei, engari kōrero ki tō tākuta. Ka taea e ia te āwhina i a koe ki te whakahaere i ēnei.
- Kaua rawa e mutu te tango rongoā, kaua hoki e whakarerekē i te horopeta me te kore he tohutohu hauora.
- Haunga te rongoā, he wāhanga tino nui te rongoā whanonga i roto i te whakahaere ADHD.
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