Kua rongo kē koe i tētahi mate e kiia nei ko te "Histoplasmosis"? Tērā pea he ahua rerekē te ingoa. Engari he mate harore tēnei ka pā ki ō tātou pukahukahu, ā, me tūpato. Ka noho tēnei harore i roto i te oneone, inā koa i roto i te oneone kei roto ngā paru manu, ngā paru pekapeka rānei. Ka pāngia tātou e tēnei mate mēnā ka manawa tātou i te puehu kei roto tēnei harore.

He aha tonu te Histoplasmosis?

I te whakarapopototanga, ko te histoplasmosis he mate pāwera o ō tātou pūkahukahu i puta mai i tētahi momo harore e kiia nei ko te ``Histoplasma capsulatum`` (``Histoplasma capsulatum`` ``H. capsulatum`` rānei). Kei roto i te oneone tēnei harore i ngā wāhi maha o te ao, ā, he mea noa i ngā whenua pēnei i Amerika. Ka kitea anō hoki tēnei harore i roto i tō tātou Sri Lanka, inā koa i roto i te oneone e karapoti ana i ngā ana pekapeka, i ngā whare tawhito, me ngā pāmu manu. Ka uru ki roto i ō tātou tinana ina manawa tātou i te puehu kei roto ēnei pua harore.

He rerekē ngā momo o tēnei mate?

Ae, he maha ngā momo matua o te histoplasmosis. Ka whakatauhia ēnei momo e ngā tākuta i runga i te roa o te wā e pāngia ana koe e ngā tohu me te mea kua horapa ki ētahi atu wāhanga o tō tinana.

1. Te histoplasmosis pūkahukahu whakapeka

Koinei te momo mate tino noa. Tata ki te 10% o te hunga kua pangia e te harore ka puta ngā tohu rite ki te niumōnia. Kei roto i ēnei ko te kirika, te mare, me te uaua ki te manawa. Heoi, ki te pangia koe e te mate iti, ka ngawari pea ngā tohu, ā, ka roa pea mō ētahi marama. Ka kiia tēnei he wāhanga iti-whakapeka.

2. Te histoplasmosis pūkahukahu cavitary mau tonu

He mate roa tēnei. He nui ake te kitea i roto i te hunga e pāngia ana e ngā mate pūkahukahu pērā i te emphysema, te COPD rānei (Mate Pūkahukahu Ārai Mau). Tērā pea he ngawari ake ngā tohu i te āhua koi, engari ka puta pea te werawera i te pō me te hekenga taumaha. Ka roa pea ngā tohu mō ngā marama, tae atu ki ngā tau. Ka rite ki te mate kohi. Ki te kore e rongoatia, ka piki haere te kino o ngā pūkahukahu.

3. Te histoplasmosis horapa haere whakamua

Koinei te wā e horapa ai te harore H. capsulatum mai i ngā pukahukahu ki ētahi atu wāhanga o te tinana. I te nuinga o te wā ka pā tēnei ki te hunga he ngoikore rawa ō rātou pūnaha ārai mate. Hei tauira, ko te hunga kua pangia e te mate HIV kua horapa haere. Ka taea e tēnei te piki haere o te poto o te manawa, te ngenge, te ngaro o te taumaha, me ngā mate kiri.

Hei tāpiritanga, kei reira ngā momo histoplasmosis e pā ana ki te roro (histoplasmosis o te pūnaha io matua) me ērā e pā ana ki ngā kanohi (histoplasmosis o te kanohi).

He pēhea te noa o te histoplasmosis?

Ina hoki, e kiia ana tata ki te 75% o ngā pakeke e noho ana i ngā rohe e kitea whānuitia ana te harore 'H. capsulatum' kua pangia e tēnei harore i tētahi wā. Heoi, ko te nuinga o te tangata kāore e puta he tohu.

He aha te pānga o tēnei harore ki ō tātou tinana?

Whakaarohia, ka hongihia e koe tēnei harore 'H. capsulatum' ki te puehu. Kātahi ka haere tika atu ki ō pukahukahu. I reira, ka uru tēnei harore ki roto i ō tātou toto mā, ka huri mai i te āhua 'pokepokea' hei āhua 'rewhare' ka taea te pangia.

Mō te nuinga o te tangata, ka whakangaromia te harore e ngā pūtau ārai mate o te tinana, ka hangaia rānei he hipoki motuhake e kiia nei ko ngā "granulomas" e karapoti ana i te harore, e ārai ana i a ia kei pā kino ki te tinana. Nō reira, kāore tātou e kite i tētahi tohu.

Heoi, i ētahi wā ka huri tēnei hei mate:

• Ki te hongihia e koe he nui o te harore i te wā kotahi, ka ngoikore pea tō pūnaha ārai mate, ka puta ngā tohu rite ki te rewharewha me te uaua ki te manawa.
• Mena kei a koe ngā mate pūkahukahu pēnei i te COPD, ka taea e tēnei harore te kino tonu i ō pūkahukahu.
• Mena he ngoikore tō pūnaha ārai mate (hei tauira, ko te hunga whai HIV, ko te hunga rānei e tango ana i ngā rongoā ārai mate), ka taea e tēnei harore te whakamahi i ō pūtau ārai mate ki te horapa ki ētahi atu wāhanga o tō tinana. Ka pā mai pea ngā raruraru mōrearea ki te ora.

He aha ngā tohu o te histoplasmosis?

Ko ngā tohu o te histoplasmosis ka uru pea ki:

• Kirika
• Maremare
• Te werawera
• Te uaua ki te manawa (dyspnea)
• Mamae o te uma
• Mamae upoko (mamae upoko)
• Mamae uaua
• He whero, he pukuriri te ponana i ngā waewae o raro (erythema nodosum)

Tērā pea ka pāngia te hunga e pangia ana e te cavitary pulmonary histoplasmosis mau tonu e te werawera i te pō, me te hekenga taumaha. He mea nui, tata ki te 90% o te hunga e hongi ana i te harore H. capsulatum kāore e puta he tohu, kāore rānei e memeha haere ngā tohu.

He aha te take o tēnei mate?

Ko te take o tēnei he harore e kiia nei ko te "Histoplasma capsulatum". E ai ki tā mātou i kōrero ai i mua ake nei, ka puta mai i te hongi i ngā pua harore mai i te oneone kei roto tēnei harore. Ka tupu pai tēnei harore i roto i te oneone kei roto ngā paru pekapeka me ngā paru manu. Ka kitea i ngā wāhi maha o te ao:

• I ngā awaawa o Ohio me Mississippi o Amerika.
• I Amerika Waenganui me Amerika ki te Tonga.
• I Āwherika.
• I Āhia.
• I Ahitereiria.

Kāore te nuinga o te tangata e pāngia e te mate i te manawa i tēnei harore, engari ko ētahi tāngata, inā koa ko te hunga e manawa ana i te nui o te harore i te wā kotahi, ko te hunga rānei he mate hauora tō rātou, ka pāngia pea rātou e ngā tohu.

Ko wai kei te nui ake te mōrearea mō tēnei?

He nui ake tō mōrearea mēnā kei roto i tō mahi, i tō hākinakina rānei, te whakaoho puehu i ngā wāhi e nui ana tēnei harore. Hei tauira:

• Te keri i te wai.
• Te mahi ahuwhenua.
• Te whakatipu heihei, manu rānei.
• Te whakahoro i ngā whare tawhito, ngā mahi hanga. Whakaarohia, i a koe e horoi ana i tētahi whare tawhito kāore i whakamahia mō ngā tau maha, mēnā he pekapeka kei runga i te tuanui, ā, kua konatunatua taua paru ki te puehu? He mōrearea mēnā ka hongihia e koe.

Ko wai kei te nui ake te mōrearea ki te pāngia e te histoplasmosis, ahakoa he mate ohorere, he mate mau tonu rānei?

• Mō te hunga he ngoikore te pūnaha ārai mate. Ko ngā tino take o tēnei ko te mate HIV me te tango i ngā rongoā ārai mate.
• Mō te hunga e pāngia ana e te COPD, e te emphysema rānei.
• Mō te hunga neke atu i te 55 tau te pakeke me ngā pēpi kei raro iho i te 1 tau te pakeke.

He aha ngā raruraru ka pā mai i te histoplasmosis?

He maha ngā raruraru nui ka puta mai i tēnei:

• Te whara, te kino rānei ki ngā pukahukahu.
• Fibrosing mediastinitis - He kiriuhi tēnei o te rohe i waenganui i ngā pukahukahu.
• `Te Mate Pāwera Manawa Koretake` (`Te Mate Pāwera Manawa Koretake - ARDS`).
• Te histoplasmosis o te pūnaha io matua - Ki te horapa te harore ki te roro, ka puta pea ngā tohu pēnei i te pupuhi o te roro, te ānini, te pōhēhē, te uaua ki te whakaaro, me te pararutiki.
• Te histoplasmosis o te kanohi - Ki te horapa te harore ki ngā kanohi, ka pōrearea pea te tirohanga, ka ngaro rānei.
• Ka horapa ki ētahi atu wāhanga o te tinana, pērā i te ate, te whēkau, te hinu wheua, me te kiri.

Me pēhea te tautuhi i tēnei mate?

Tērā pea ka whakamātauhia e te tākuta ō toto, mimi, huware mai i ō pukahukahu, hinu wheua, tauira rānei o te kiko e pāngia ana hei tātaritanga i te mate. Ka taea te whakamahi i ēnei tauira hei:

• Ka whakamātauhia he ahurea o te harore 'H. capsulatum'. Koinei te huarahi pai ki te tautuhi i te histoplasmosis. Heoi, ka roa pea tēnei, tae atu ki ētahi wiki. I ngā take kino, ka tīmata pea tō tākuta i te maimoatanga me te kore e tatari mō ngā hua.
• Kei te rapu mātou i te rewena mai i te momo `H. capsulatum`.
• Ka whakamātauria koe mō ngā tohu (antigens, antibodies rānei) o H. capsulatum i roto i tō tinana.

Hei tāpiritanga, ka mahia ngā hihi-X o te uma, ngā karapa CT rānei hei rapu i ngā huringa, i ngā kino rānei i puta mai i te H. capsulatum. Ko ngā momo whakamātautau ka whakamahia e tō tākuta ka whakawhirinaki ki te momo histoplasmosis kei a koe me te kaha o ō tohu.

He aha ngā whakamātautau tātaritanga?

Haunga ngā hihi-X me ngā karapa CT, ka tangohia pea e te tākuta he tauira wai, he tauira kiko rānei hei rapu i ngā tohu o te H. capsulatum, hei whakatipu rānei i taua tauira. Ka taea te tango i ēnei tauira i ngā huarahi e whai ake nei:

• Ngā whakamātautau mimi, te huware rānei : Ka mimi koe ki roto i tētahi kapu (he whakamātautau mimi) ka mimi rānei koe ki roto i tētahi ngongo (he whakamātautau huware).
• Ngā whakamātautau totoKa tangohia e te tākuta ētahi toto mai i tō ringa ki te whakamahi i te ngira.
• Kohikohi wheua : Ka tangohia he tauira kiko mā roto i tētahi tapahi iti, mā te ngira rānei. I roto i te koiora wheua, ka tangohia he tauira mai i roto i te wheua hope.
• Pūkahukahu : Ka tirohia e te tākuta te roto o ō pūkahukahu mā te whakamahi i tētahi ngongo angiangi, he rama (he pūkahukahu). I tēnei wā, ka mahia pea he tikanga e kiia nei ko te horoinga bronchoalveolar (BAL). Kei roto i tēnei ko te "horoi" i ngā wāhi iti o ō pūkahukahu ki tētahi wai, te kohikohi i te wai, me te tuku atu ki tētahi taiwhanga hei whakamātautau.

Me pēhea te rongoā i te histoplasmosis?

Ka rongoatia te histoplasmosis ki ngā rongoā harore, mēnā e tika ana. Mēnā he ngawari noa iho ō tohu, kāore i roa te kitea, ā, kāore koe i te tino mōrearea ki te pangia e te mate kino, ka whakatau pea tō tākuta kia tatari mō tētahi wā i mua i te hoatu tonu i te rongoā ki a koe.

He rongoā tino pai mō tēnei?

Ae, he maha ngā wā ka taea te rongoā i te histoplasmosis mā te whakamahi i ngā rongoā harore i roto i te hunga hauora ō rātou pūnaha ārai mate. Tērā pea ka tohua e tō tākuta ngā rongoā pēnei i:

• `Itraconazole`
• Amphotericin B (AmB)
• 'Corticosteroids' (Ka hoatu ēnei i ētahi wā motuhake, pērā i te whakaiti i te pupuhi)

Ka aha mēnā ka kore e rongoatia?

Mena kei te pai te mahi a tō pūnaha ārai mate, ā, kāore he mate kē atu kei roto i a koe, ka taea e te histoplasmosis te memeha noa iho. Heoi, ki te kore e rongoatia, ka horapa pea ki ētahi atu wāhanga o te tinana, inā koa mēnā kāore tō pūnaha ārai mate e mahi tika ana. Ka taea hoki e ia te whara i ngā pūkahukahu i roto i te hunga he mate pūkahukahu kei roto.

Ka taea te ārai i te histoplasmosis?

Mena kei te noho koe i tētahi rohe e kitea whānuitia ana tēnei harore, he tino uaua ki te karo i te hongi i te harore 'H. capsulatum'. Ahakoa e kore e taea te ārai katoa i tēnei, he iti noa ngā mea ka taea e koe te mahi hei whakaiti i tō tupono:

• Āta karohia ngā wāhi he puehu te oneone, ngā wāhi rānei e noho ana ngā manu, ngā pekapeka rānei.
• Mena kei roto i tō mahi, i tō hākinakina rānei te oneone e pā ana ki a koe, me mau he kopare N95. Ka tātarihia te hau e manawahia ana e koe ki tētahi taumata.

He aha ngā mea ka taea e au te tumanako atu mēnā ka pāngia ahau e te histoplasmosis?

Ko te mea ka pā mai te histoplasmosis ka whakawhirinaki ki te kaha o tōna mate me te mea kei a koe ētahi atu mate. Mō te hunga he hauora te pūnaha ārai mate me ngā tohu ngawari, ka whakatau pea tō tākuta ki te "mātakitaki me te tatari" me te kore rongoā. Mena he ngoikore tō pūnaha ārai mate, he tino mate rānei koe, me tango pea koe i te rongoā harore mō te tau kotahi pea te iti rawa.

Ko te tikanga, e 6-12 wiki te roa o te maimoatanga mō te histoplasmosis pūkahukahu whakapeka. I ngā take mau tonu, i ngā take kino rānei, me whakamahi pea i ngā rongoā harore mō te iti rawa i te tau.

He aha ngā tūponotanga ka ora ai koe i tēnei mate?

Ko te nuinga o te hunga he hauora ō rātou pūnaha ārai mate (tata ki te 96%) ka ora mai i te histoplasmosis mā te rongoā. Heoi, e kī ana ētahi rangahau ko te reiti mate i waenga i te hunga he ngoikore ō rātou pūnaha ārai mate kei waenga i te 25% me te 37%. Koia te take me tino tupato te hunga he ngoikore ō rātou pūnaha ārai mate.

Me pēhea taku tiaki i ahau anō?

Mena he ngoikore tō pūnaha ārai mate, he COPD, he emphysema rānei tōu, me mahi koe i ētahi atu mahi hei whakaiti i tō tupono ki te pāngia e te histoplasmosis. Mena kei te noho koe i tētahi rohe e kitea whānuitia ana te H. capsulatum, pātai atu ki tō tākuta mēnā he mahi whakatūpato motuhake ka taea e koe te mahi hei tiaki i a koe anō.

Āhea ahau me toro atu ki te tākuta?

Ki te kore ō tohumate pēnei i te kirika, te maremare, me te poto o te manawa e pai ake i roto i te wiki, ki te kino haere rānei i roto i te wā, me toro atu ki te tākuta. Kōrero atu ki tō tākuta mēnā kua pāngia koe e tēnei harore nā roto i tō mahi, nā roto rānei i ōu hiahia, mēnā rānei kua haere koe ki tētahi rohe kei reira tēnei harore.

Āhea ahau me haere ki te Wāhanga Maimoatanga Ohotata (ETU) ?

Mena he ngoikore tō pūnaha ārai mate, ā, kei a koe ngā tohu o te mate urutā, me kōrero tonu koe ki te tākuta, me haere rānei ki te rūma whawhati tata. Mena he kino ngā tohu, haere ki te rūma whawhati tata. Ko ēnei tohu ko:

• Te kirika nui (neke atu i te 40 Celsius).
• Te uaua nui, te uaua ohorere rānei ki te manawa.
• Mamae o te uma.
• Ki te maremare koe i te toto.
• Te pōhēhē, ētahi atu huringa hinengaro rānei.
• Ngā hopukanga.
• He kikorangi te kiri, ngā ngutu, ngā maikuku rānei ('cyanosis' - he tohu tēnei o te iti o te hāora i roto i te toto).

He aha ngā pātai me pātai atu e au ki te tākuta?

He pai pea te pātai atu ki te tākuta i ēnei pātai:

• He nui ake te mōrearea o te pāngia e te histoplasmosis kino?
• He aha ngā mahi motuhake me mahi e au hei whakaiti i te mōrearea o te histoplasmosis?
• He aha ngā tohu me tirotiro e au?
• Āhea ahau me haere ki te rūma whawhati tata?

Hei whakamutunga, ngā mea hei maumahara (Karere hei tango ki te kāinga)

He mate harore te histoplasmosis e pā ana ki ō pūkahukahu. He uaua pea te karo mēnā kei te noho koe i tētahi rohe e tupu nui ana tēnei harore. Engari ko te nuinga o ngā mate kāore i te kino, ā, ka whakatau i a rātou anō.

Heoi, ki te mea he mate pūkahukahu tōu, he ngoikore rānei tō pūnaha ārai mate, he nui ake te tūponotanga ka pāngia koe e ngā raruraru kino mai i te histoplasmosis. Nō reira, he mea nui kia mahi tahi kōrua ko tō tākuta ki te whakawhanake i tētahi mahere hei tiaki i tō hauora, kia mataara hoki mō ngā tohumate katoa. Kaua e mataku, ko te mōhio te parepare pai rawa atu!

` Te histoplasmosis, te mate harore, te mate pūkahukahu, te Histoplasma capsulatum, ngā paru manu, ngā paru pekapeka, ngā uauatanga manawa