Kua whakaaro koe he aha te āhua mēnā kāore e taea e koe te neke i tō ringa, i tō waewae rānei, mēnā rānei ka rongo koe i tētahi wāhanga o tō tinana e memeha haere ana tōna kaha? He whakaaro whakamataku tēnei, kāore? I roto i te rongoā, ko te kore e taea te neke i ō uaua e mōhiotia ana ko te pararutiki . Ka puta tēnei nā tētahi raruraru i roto i tō pūnaha io, e mahi ana hei pokapū whakahaere e tuku tohu ana ki ō uaua kia neke. Ina puta te pararutiki, ka ngaro te kaha ki te neke i ētahi wāhanga o tō tinana. Me ruku hohonu tātou ki tēnei kaupapa, āe?
He aha rawa te pararutiki?
Ki te kī ngāwari, ko te pararutiki te ngaronga o te mana whakahaere uaua tūao. Ko tō pūnaha io te mea nui i konei. Whakaarohia ō io he taura e kawe ana i ngā karere mai i tō roro ki ō uaua. Mena he whati, he hapa rānei kei roto i taua taura, kāore e taea e te karere te puta, ā, ka mutu te urupare a ō uaua—koinei te āhua o te pararutiki .
Ka pāngia tetahi wāhanga o tō tinana e te pararutiki. E rua ngā huarahi matua e whakarōpūtia ai:
- Pararutiki wāhanga (Paresis): Ko te tikanga kei a koe tonu te mana whakahaere i ō uaua, engari kua tino ngoikore. Kāore koe i ngaro te mahi katoa, engari kāore e whai hua ngā uaua.
- Pararutiki katoa: I tēnei wā, kāore he mana whakahaere āu ki ngā uaua o te wāhi e pāngia ana.
Ka taea hoki e tātou te whakarōpū i te pararutiki i runga i te whanonga o ngā uaua:
- Pararutiki ngoikore: Ka ngoikore, ka ngawari, ka ngoikore hoki ō uaua.
- Pararutiki spastic: Ka pakari ō uaua, ā, ka pāngia pea koe e te ohooho, e te wiriwiri rānei e mōhiotia ana ko te spasticity , te wāhi ka whakawhāiti ngā uaua i a rātou anō.
He pēhea te noa o te pararutiki?
I mōhio koe i te Hononga o Amerika anake, tata ki te 5.4 miriona tāngata—tata ki te 1 i roto i te 50 tāngata—e ora ana me tētahi momo pararutiki?
Heoi anō, he pai ētahi kōrero. He wā poto noa iho ētahi momo pararutiki, ā, ka pai ake, ka memeha rānei i roto i te wā. Hei tauira, i roto i te pararutiki a Bell , ka pararutiki ngā uaua o te mata mō te wā poto, engari ka ora te nuinga o ngā tūroro. Kia mahara ko te kupu 'pararutiki' e pā ana ki te pararutiki e haere tahi ana me te wiri, te nekehanga kore rānei.
Heoi, ko te pararutiki tuturu te tikanga kua ngaro te mana whakahaere o te uaua mō ake tonu atu, ā, kāore e taea te whakakore.
He aha ngā momo rerekē o te pararutiki?
He maha ngā wā ka whakarōpūtia te pararutiki e ai ki te wāhanga o te tinana e pāngia ana:
- Pararutiki ā-rohe: He wāhanga iti noa iho o te tinana ka pā ki tēnei, ko te nuinga ko te mata, ngā ringa, ngā waewae, ngā aho reo rānei.
- Pararutiki whānui: Ka kapi tēnei i ngā wāhanga nui o te tinana, ā, ka whakarōpūtia anō e te whānuitanga o te pānga:
- Te ruaki: Ka pā ki ngā wāhi ōrite i ngā taha e rua o te tinana, pērā i ngā ringa e rua, ngā waewae e rua, ngā taha e rua rānei o te mata.
- Te ngoikore o te tinana: Ka pā ki te taha katoa o te tinana, pērā i te ringa kotahi me te waewae kotahi. He mea noa tēnei i muri i te whiu .
- Monoplegia: Ka pā ki tētahi peka motuhake, he ringa, he waewae rānei.
- Parapara: Ka pā ki ngā waewae e rua, ā, i ētahi wā ko te taha raro o te puku.
- Quadriplegia (Tetraplegia rānei): Ka pā ki ngā waewae e whā, ā, he maha ngā wā ka pā ki te tinana. Ko te hunga whai quadriplegia, kāore pea he nekehanga nui mai i te kaki ki raro.
He aha ngā tohu o te pararutiki?
Ko te tohu matua o te pararutiki ko te kore e taea te neke i ngā wāhanga tinana e pāngia ana. I runga anō i te take, ka pāngia pea koe e te ngaronga katoa o te rongo i te wāhi.
Ka whānau mai ētahi tāngata me te pararutiki, pērā i ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te pararutiki roro . I ētahi atu wā, pēnei i te whiu , tengā whara o te taurakira , ka pā whakarere pea te pararutiki.
Mō ngā āhuatanga e āta whanake haere ai te pararutiki, ka kite pea koe:
- He hekenga haere o te kare ā-roto me te whakahaere uaua.
- Ngā māuiui uaua , ngā māuiui ā-tinana rānei.
- He kare ā-ringa, he mākūkū rānei i ngā peka me ngā waewae.
He aha te take o te pararutiki?
E ai ki te kōrero, ko te pararutiki i ahu mai i ngā raruraru o tō pūnaha io. Nā te mea ko tō pūnaha io te whatunga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero matua a te tinana, ka āraihia te roro e tetahi kino ki te tuku tohutohu e tika ana ki ō uaua.
I te nuinga o te wā, ko ngā whara me ngā mate hauora kei raro i te maru te take. Ko ngā whiu me ngā whara o te taurakira ngā tino take o te pararutiki.
Ko ētahi atu take ko:
- Ngā mate whānau pēnei i te spina bifida .
- Ngā mate pūnaha ārai mate , ina whakaekea tō ake tinana e tō pūnaha ārai mate, pērā i te Multiple sclerosis (MS) me te Guillain-Barré syndrome .
- Ngā whara o te roro , tae atu ki te whara roro whara , te pararutiki roro rānei.
- Ngā mate pūnaha io , pērā i te Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) .
He aha ngā raruraru ka pā mai?
Ka pāngia pea ngā uaua manawa me te mahi o te ngākau e te pararutiki. I runga i te momo me te kaha, ka tūpono pea koe ki ngā mōrearea pēnei i:
- Ngā uauatanga o te manawa, te maremare mau tonu, me te niumōnia .
- Ngā toto totoka, tae atu ki te thrombosis uaua hōhonu (DVT) .
- Te uaua ki te kōrero, te horomi rānei ( Dyphagia ).
- Te pouri me te manukanuka .
- Te ngoikore o te ure, ētahi atu raruraru hauora ā-ira tangata rānei.
- Te toto toto tiketike (autonomic dysreflexia) te toto toto iti rānei (orthostatic hypotension) me ngā mate ngakau e pā ana.
- Te kore e taea te pupuri i te mimi , te ngaro rānei o te mana whakahaere puku.
- Ngā whara pēhanga (ngā mariao moenga) me te sepsis.
He mea nui: Ehara i te katoa e pāngia ana e ēnei raruraru, engari he mea nui te mōhio ki ēnei raruraru mō te whakahaere hauora matatau. Mēnā ka kite koe i tētahi ngaronga ohorere o te mahi, whakapā atu ki te 911, ki ngā ratonga ohorere tata rānei.
Me pēhea te tautuhi i te pararutiki?
Ina toro atu koe ki tō tākuta, ka tirotirohia koe e rātou, ka pātai atu mō ō whara tata nei, mō ō hītori hauora rānei. Mena kei te pāngia koe e te pararutiki haere tonu, ka hiahia tō tākuta ki te mōhio i te wā tonu i tīmata ai ō tohu. Hei mārama ake i tō hauora, ka tono pea tō tākuta i tētahi, i ētahi rānei o ngā whakamātautau e whai ake nei:
- Ngā hihi-X: Hei whakatau mena kei te pēhi, kei te kino rānei ngā io i ngā wheua whati.
- Ngā whakamātautau whakaahua: Ka whakamahia ngā tikanga pēnei i te CT scan, MRI rānei hei tautuhi i ngā tohu o te whiu, te whara roro, te kino rānei o te taurakira. Ka taea e te matawai whakaahua tinana katoa te whakarato i tētahi tirohanga whānui o ō wheua, uaua, me ō kiko.
- Myelogram: He whakamātautau motuhake hei tirotiro i ngā whara ki tō taurakira me ngā pakiaka io.
- Electromyogram (EMG): Hei aromatawai i te ngohe hiko i roto i ō uaua me ō io.
- Te wero i te tuaiwi (te wero i te hope): Ka kohia pea e tō tākuta he tauira o te wai o tō tuaiwi hei tirotiro mō ngā mate pukupuku, te mumura, ngā āhuatanga rānei pērā i te Multiple Sclerosis (MS).
Ka taea te rongoā i te pararutiki?
Hei kōrero tika, kāore anō kia kitea he rongoā tuturu mō te pararutiki tuturu i tēnei wā. Heoi, ko ngā momo pararutiki rangitahi, pērā i te pararutiki a Bell, ka memeha haere i roto i te wā, me te kore he maimoatanga. I ētahi wā, ka kite pea koe i ngā whakapainga nui, inā koa i roto i te tau tuatahi o te mate.
Me pēhea te whakahaere me te rongoā i te pararutiki?
Ko te tikanga, he maha ngā huarahi e whakamahia ana mō te pararutiki hei rongoā, tae atu ki te Whakaora Tinana, te Whakaora Mahi, me te Whakaora Kōrero. He mea nui ēnei ratonga whakaora tinana hei āwhina i a koe ki te urutau ki tō āhua, hei ārahi i a koe i roto i ngā mahi whakaora, me te whakarato i ngā taputapu urutau me ngā taputapu āwhina. Mā ēnei taputapu koe e āhei ai ki te noho motuhake me te whakapai ake i tō kounga oranga whānui.
Ko te mahere maimoatanga motuhake ka whakawhirinaki katoa ki te pūtake o tō pararutiki me tōna pānga ki a koe. Haunga te whakaora, ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta:
- Taputapu urutau: Ngā taputapu hei āwhina i ngā mahi o ia rā pēnei i te kai, te taraiwa rānei.
- Ngā taputapu āwhina: Ngā taputapu nekenekehanga pēnei i ngā tūru wīra, ngā kuta, ngā tokotoko, me ngā tokotoko.
- Ngā taputapu orthotic/prosthetic: Pēnei i ngā whītiki ritenga hei tautoko.
- Hangarau reo-whakahohe: Hei āwhina i a koe ki te whakahaere i ngā rorohiko, ngā pūnaha rama me ngā waea.
- Ngā maimoatanga kua arotahi ki ngā raruraru, pērā i te uaua piko, te ngoikore rānei o te pūkahukahu.
Me pēhea te ārai i te pararutiki?
I te mea ko ngā whara o te taurakira tetahi o ngā tino take o te pararutiki, ka taea e koe te whakaiti i tō mōrearea mā te whai i ēnei mahi ārai:
- Me mau tonu tō whitiki nohoanga i roto i te waka, ā, kia tika hoki te noho o ngā tamariki ki roto i ngā nohoanga motuka tika, i ngā nohoanga tautoko rānei.
- Tirohia te hohonu o te wai i mua i te ruku ki roto i tētahi puna kaukau, i tētahi wai rānei.
- Kaua rawa e taraiwa i raro i te mana o te waipiro, o ngā raau taero rānei, ā, kaua e haere tahi me te tangata hauā.
- Whakatairangahia te haumaru i ngā wā hākinakina me ngā mahi ā-tinana. Me mau tonu he potae i te wā e eke pahikara ana, e whai wāhi ana rānei ki ngā hākinakina pā. Whakamahia he whāriki ārai me he whāriki ārai tika i te wā e mahi ana i te whakapakari tinana, i ngā mahi ōrite rānei.
- Ki te whakapae koe kei whara te upoko, te kaki, te tuara rānei, kaua rawa e nekehia te tangata. Waea atu tonu ki te 911, ki tō ratonga ohorere rānei o te rohe.
He aha te tirohanga (matapae) mō te hunga e ora ana me te pararutiki?
He wero nui te ako ki te noho me te pararutiki. Ka taea e ia te whakarerekē i ō mahi o ia rā, tō taumata tū motuhake, tae atu ki tō tirohanga ki a koe anō. Ka taea e ēnei huringa nui o te ao te arahi i ētahi wā ki ngā raruraru hauora hinengaro, ki te pouri rānei. He mea nui kia kōrerohia tō oranga tinana me tō oranga kare ā-roto ki tō tākuta.
Mā te wā me te whakaora i whakatapua, he tokomaha te hunga e urutau pai ana ki tō rātou āhua. He tokomaha te hunga e ora motuhake ana, e kaha ana, e whai hua ana te oranga ahakoa te pararutiki. Ahakoa te hunga e pāngia ana e te quadriplegia, ka taea tonu e rātou te pupuri i te hinengaro tino kaha, ā, mā te tautoko tika, ka noho tonu ki te ao e karapoti ana i a rātou.
He mea nui te pupuri i tētahi momo noho hauora hei whakaiti i te tūponotanga o ngā raruraru e pā ana ki te pararutiki. He mea tino taunaki te whai i tētahi tikanga whakakori tinana kua whakaaetia e te tākuta kia noho kaha, kia nekeneke hoki i ngā wā e taea ai e tō mate.
Āhea koe me toro atu ki te tākuta?
Ki te pāngia koe e ngā tohu o te whiu, ki te whakapae rānei koe kei te whara nui tō upoko, tō kaki, tō tuara rānei, waea atu ki te 911 tonu. Hei tāpiri, rapua tonutia he awhina hauora mēnā ka kite koe i ēnei:
- Te uaua ohorere ki te manawa, ki te horomi, ki te kōrero rānei.
- He kare o te māuiui, te ngau rānei i roto i ō waewae.
- Te ngoikore o te uaua e mau tonu ana, e hokihoki mai ana rānei.
- Te korenga ohorere e taea te neke i te uaua, i te peka rānei.
He aha ngā pātai me pātai atu koe ki tō tākuta?
Pātai atu ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora ēnei pātai kia mārama ake ai koe ki tō āhuatanga:
- He wā poto noa iho tēnei pararutiki, he wā tuturu rānei?
- He tūponotanga anō pea ka taea e au te nekeneke haere anō? Mena koinā, he aha te wā e tumanakohia ana?
- He aha te mahere maimoatanga tino whai hua mō taku kēhi motuhake?
- Ko ēhea ngā taputapu urutau, ngā taputapu āwhina rānei e tino whai hua ana mōku?
- He aha ngā tohu motuhake o ngā raruraru me aro turuki ahau?
Ahakoa he wā poto noa iho te noho me te pararutiki, ka puta he huringa nui ki te āhua o te noho. He uaua pea te urutau ki ēnei āhuatanga hou, engari kia mōhio koe ehara i te mea ko koe anake. Mā tō rōpū tiaki Nirogi Lanka koe e ārahi mā roto i ngā ratonga whakaora me te tautoko hauora hinengaro pai rawa atu e wātea ana. Mā te tautoko me te manaaki tika, he maha ngā tāngata e ora ana i ngā oranga tino hihiko. Kia kaha, kia mau tonu te wairua.
Te Karere Kawe-ki-te-Kāinga
Kia whakarāpopototia ngā mea tino nui hei maumahara:
- Ko te pararutiki te ngaronga o te mana whakahaere uaua , i te nuinga o te wā ka puta mai i tētahi raruraru i roto i te pūnaha io.
- Ka taea te noho hapa, te noho katoa rānei , ā, ka taea te noho rangitahi, te noho pumau rānei.
- Ko ngā whiu me ngā whara o te taurakira ngā tino take, engari ka taea hoki e ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora te whakaoho i te pararutiki.
- Mā tō tākuta e whakatau ngā whakamātautau tika hei tautuhi i te pūtake o ō tohu.
- Ahakoa kāore pea he "rongoa" mō te pararutiki tuturu, ka taea e ngā mahi whakaora pērā i te whakaora tinana me te whakaora mahi te whakapai ake i te kounga o tō oranga.
- Ko te ārai i ngā aituā—ina koa ko ērā e pā ana ki te tuaiwi—te huarahi pai rawa atu hei whakaiti i te mōrearea o te pararutiki.
- Mā te tautoko me te maimoatanga tika, ka taea e koe te ora i tētahi oranga hihiko, whai hua hoki.
- Ki te kite koe i ngā tohu o te pararutiki, me tere te mahi, ka rapu awhina hauora tonu.
Ko tāku tumanako ka mārama ake koe i ēnei kōrero. Mena kei te pāngia koe, kei te pāngia rānei koe e ēnei wero, ko te mahi nui ko te kōrero ki tētahi tohunga hauora. Kāore koe e hiahia ki te tūtaki ko koe anake ki tēnei—kei te wātea mai he āwhina.
