Kodi nthawi zina mumatopa, simungathe kuganizira kwambiri ntchito imodzi, kapena kuiwala chinthu china nthawi zonse? Anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti izi ndi zinthu zachibadwa. Koma izi zitha kukhala chizindikiro cha matenda otchedwa ADHD ( Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) , omwe sitilankhula kwambiri, komanso ndi ofala pakati pa akuluakulu. Nthawi zambiri, vutoli lakhalapo kuyambira ali mwana, koma mwina limakhalapo mpaka munthu atakula popanda kuzindikirika.
Kodi ADHD ya akuluakulu ndi yosiyana ndi ADHD ya ana?
Inde, zimatha kusintha pang'ono. Kuchita zinthu mopitirira muyeso komwe kumachitika muubwana kungachepe mukakhala wamkulu. Koma mavuto ena angabuke m'malo mwake.
Taganizirani izi motere. Mukuvutika kuika maganizo anu pa ntchito ku ofesi, maganizo anu nthawi zonse amakhala akuyendayenda. Mukuvutika kumaliza ntchito yofunika ndi nthawi yoikika. Kapena nthawi zonse mumaiwala komwe mumayika makiyi kapena chikwama chanu kunyumba. Mukuvutika kusunga zinthu mwaukhondo komanso mwadongosolo. Mumanena ndikuchita zinthu mwadzidzidzi (mwadzidzidzi). Zinthu zimenezi zingakhudze kwambiri ntchito yanu, moyo wa banja, mabwenzi anu, komanso kudzidalira kwanu.
Chofunika ndichakuti, ADHD si vuto lanu kapena ulesi wanu. Ndi matenda omwe amabwera chifukwa cha kusintha kwa ntchito ya ubongo.
Chithandizo chomwecho chimaperekedwa kwa akuluakulu monga momwe chimaperekedwa kwa ana aang'ono. Komabe, chiyenera kusinthidwa kuti chigwirizane ndi msinkhu wanu, zizindikiro zanu, ndi moyo wanu. Izi nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo kuphatikiza njira zingapo zochiritsira (mankhwala ambiri). Izi zikutanthauza zinthu monga mankhwala, njira zosinthira khalidwe, maphunziro a luso la moyo, ndi uphungu.
Ndi mankhwala ati omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza?
Mankhwala ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pa chithandizo cha ADHD. Koma zingatenge nthawi kuti mupeze mankhwala oyenera komanso mlingo woyenera kwa inu. Ndi chinthu chomwe muyenera kuchita ndi dokotala wanu ndikuchiyesa pang'onopang'ono.
Mitundu ikuluikulu ya mankhwala
1. Zolimbikitsa
Awa ndi mankhwala ofala kwambiri komanso oyamba omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza ADHD. Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito pang'ono pokonza momwe mankhwala (neurotransmitters) amagwirira ntchito muubongo omwe amagwira ntchito posamalira ndi kulamulira.
- Methylphenidate
- Amphetamine
- Dextroamphetamine
- Lisdexamfetamine
Kawirikawiri dokotalaMuyamba ndi mlingo wochepa kwambiri wa mankhwalawa. Kenako mlingowo umasinthidwa masiku 7 aliwonse mpaka zotsatira zake zitachepa koma zizindikiro zake zitachepetsedwa bwino. Kwa akuluakulu, mankhwala omwe amagwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali nthawi zambiri ndi omwe amasankhidwa bwino. Chifukwa amagwira ntchito kwa maola pafupifupi 10-14, amatha kumwedwa kamodzi patsiku.
| Zotsatirapo zoyipa ndi zoopsa za mankhwala olimbikitsa | Kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| Zotsatira zoyipa zofala | Kusowa chilakolako cha chakudya, kuchepa thupi, kusowa tulo, mutu, pakamwa pouma, kunjenjemera pang'ono, nkhawa, komanso kukwera pang'ono kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kugunda kwa mtima. Zambiri mwa izi zitha kulamulidwa mwa kusintha mlingo. |
| Sikoyenera anthu otere | Mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri saperekedwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda monga matenda a mtima, kuthamanga kwa magazi kosalamulirika, matenda a bipolar, nkhawa, mbiri yakale yogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, komanso matenda a Tourette. Ngati muli ndi matenda ena aliwonsewa , muyenera kuuza dokotala wanu. |
2. Zosalimbikitsa
Ngati mankhwala olimbikitsa sakugwira ntchito kwa inu, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni mtundu uwu wa mankhwala. Chitsanzo ndi Atomoxetine (Strattera). Mankhwalawa amatenga nthawi kuti agwire ntchito, koma amagwira ntchito bwino kwa anthu ena.
3. Mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo
Izi si njira yoyamba yogwiritsira ntchito ADHD. Komabe, mankhwala ena oletsa kuvutika maganizo, makamaka Bupropion (Wellbutrin), apezeka kuti amathandiza kuchepetsa zizindikiro za ADHD. Dokotala wanu angaganizire za mankhwalawa, makamaka ngati muli ndi vuto la kuvutika maganizo kapena nkhawa limodzi ndi ADHD yanu.
Kodi chithandizo cha kulankhula n'chofunika bwanji?
Chofunika kwambiri! Uphungu wabwino pamodzi ndi mankhwala oyenera ndi njira yamphamvu kwambiri. Izi sizikuthandizani inu nokha, komanso banja lanu kumvetsetsa ADHD ndi kuthana ndi mavuto omwe imabweretsa.
Njira zazikulu zoperekera upangiri
- Chithandizo cha Maganizo (CBT): Mwachidule, chimakuphunzitsani momwe mungasinthire momwe mumaganizira ndi kuchita zinthu, ndikukhala ndi ulamuliro pa moyo wanu. Chingakuthandizeni kwambiri pamavuto kuntchito, muubwenzi, pakuwongolera nthawi, komanso pokonza zinthu.
- Chithandizo cha Ukwati ndi Banja: Izi zingathandize banja lanu kumvetsetsa kuti simukuchita izi chifukwa chosowa chochita kapena kusachita zinthu mwanzeru, koma kuti izi ndi matenda. Zingakuthandizeninso kulankhulana bwino ndi wina ndi mnzake ndikupeza njira zomwe zikuyambitsa mavuto.
- Mphunzitsi wa ADHD: Ichi ndi chinthu chatsopano. Mphunzitsi uyu amakuthandizani ndi zinthu zothandiza. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, amakupatsirani malangizo ndi malingaliro amomwe mungapangire mapulani, kukhazikitsa zolinga, kusamalira nthawi, ndikukonzekera zinthu.
Bwanji ngati muli ndi matenda ena pamodzi ndi ADHD?
Iyi ndi mfundo yofunika kwambiri. Anthu omwe ali ndi ADHD ali ndi mwayi waukulu wokhala ndi mavuto ena amisala, monga nkhawa, kuvutika maganizo, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Choncho akamakuchizani, dokotala wanu ayenera kuganizira zonsezi, chifukwa mankhwala a matenda ena angakhudze ena.
Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala ena olimbikitsa a ADHD amatha kuwonjezera nkhawa. Chifukwa chake ngati muli ndi matenda onse awiri, dokotala wanu adzakonza chithandizo chanu kutengera vuto lomwe likuyambitsa mavuto ambiri. Komanso, kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti kuchiza ADHD moyenera kungakuthandizeni kuthana ndi vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Choncho, ngati muwona kusintha kulikonse kapena zizindikiro zatsopano, ndikofunikira kwambiri kukambirana momasuka ndi dokotala wanu za izo. Mukamuuza zambiri dokotala wanu, zimakhala zosavuta kuti akupatseni chithandizo choyenera.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- ADHD si chinthu chomwe chimakhudza ana okha, koma akuluakulu nawonso akhoza kukhala ndi vutoli, mwina osazindikira.
- Uku si ulesi kapena kulakwitsa. Ndi matenda ochiritsika.
- Chithandizo sichimangokhudza mankhwala okha. Mankhwala, uphungu (mankhwala), ndi maphunziro a luso la moyo zikaphatikizidwa, zotsatira zake zimakhala zabwino kwambiri.
- Zingatenge nthawi kuti mupeze mankhwala oyenera komanso mlingo woyenera kwa inu. Khalani oleza mtima ndipo gwirani ntchito ndi dokotala wanu kuti mupeze woyenera.
- Onetsetsani kuti mwauza dokotala wanu za matenda ena aliwonse omwe muli nawo (monga matenda a mtima, kuthamanga kwa magazi, kuvutika maganizo) ndi mankhwala ena aliwonse omwe mukumwa.
- Simuli nokha. Pali anthu ambiri omwe akukhala bwino ndi vutoli. Kufunafuna thandizo loyenera ndiye gawo loyamba.
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