Tiyeni tidziwe bwino za mankhwala obwezeretsa mahomoni (HRT) panthawi yosiya kusamba komanso chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mawere.

Kwa akazi ambiri, kusamba, nthawi imene kusamba kumatha ndi ukalamba, kungakhale nthawi yovuta. Anthu ambiri samva bwino chifukwa cha zinthu monga kutentha thupi, kutuluka thukuta pafupipafupi, komanso kusowa tulo. Chifukwa chake, chithandizo chodziwika bwino chomwe madokotala amalimbikitsa kuti achepetse zizindikirozi ndi Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT). Koma anthu ambiri ali ndi mafunso ndi mantha okhudza chithandizo cha HRT ichi, makamaka ngati ndi chiopsezo chotenga khansa ya m'mawere. Tiyeni tikambirane chilichonse momveka bwino komanso mosavuta lero.

Kodi HRT ndi chiyani? Imagwira ntchito bwanji?

Mwachidule, kusamba ndi nthawi yomwe thupi la mkazi limapanga estrogen ndi progestin zochepa mwachibadwa. HRT ndi mankhwala omwe amalowa m'malo mwa mahomoni awa mwa njira ya mankhwala. Izi zingathandize kuwongolera zizindikiro za kusamba kwambiri.

Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya HRT:

1. Kuphatikiza HRT ( estrogen ndi progestin ): Mtundu uwu umaperekedwa kwa amayi ambiri omwe sanachotsedwe chiberekero chawo. Izi zili choncho chifukwa kumwa estrogen yokha kumatha kuwonjezera chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'chiberekero. Homoni ya progestin imachepetsa chiopsezo chimenecho.

2. HRT ya estrogen yokha: Iyi imaperekedwa kwa amayi okhawo omwe adachotsedwa chiberekero chifukwa sali pachiwopsezo cha khansa ya m'chiberekero.

Kodi pali kugwirizana pakati pa HRT ndi chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mawere?

Inde, kafukufuku wapeza kuti pali kugwirizana. Kafukufuku wofunika kwambiri komanso waukulu kwambiri pa izi ndi Women's Health Initiative (WHI). Zotsatira zake zinali zofunika kwambiri.

Malinga ndi kafukufuku ameneyu, akazi omwe amamwa mahomoni a estrogen ndi progestin (Combined HRT) ali ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka pang'ono chotenga khansa ya m'mawere .

Si zokhazo, komanso pali vuto lina lalikulu. Mankhwala a mahomoni amenewa amachititsa kuti minofu ya m'mawere ikhale yolimba. Kenako, kulondola kwa mayeso a mammogram omwe timagwiritsa ntchito pozindikira khansa ya m'mawere msanga kungachepe. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngakhale khansa itakula, singadziwike mpaka itafika pachimake.

Komabe, kafukufukuyu adapezanso kuti chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mawere mwa amayi omwe achotsedwa chiberekero chawo ndikumwa HRT yokha ya estrogen sichikuwonjezeka kwambiri .

Kodi ubwino ndi kuipa kwa kutenga HRT ndi chiyani?

Monga chithandizo chilichonse, HRT ili ndi ubwino ndi kuipa kwake. Ndikofunikira kukambirana ndi dokotala wanu ndikuwamvetsa bwino musanapange chisankho.

Chifukwa chake, chisankho choyambitsa HRT ndi chisankho chomwe chiyenera kupangidwa limodzi ndi dokotala wanu, poganizira zinthu zambiri, monga momwe thanzi lanu lilili, kuopsa kwa zizindikiro zanu, komanso mbiri yachipatala ya banja lanu .

Kodi HRT ndi yoyenera kwa munthu amene wachira khansa ya m'mawere?

Iyi ndi nkhani yovuta kwambiri. Kale, HRT inkaperekedwanso kwa akazi omwe adachira ku khansa ya m'mawere kuti achepetse zizindikiro za kusamba. Komabe, kafukufuku wa 2004 wotchedwa HABITS adawonetsa kuti omwe adapulumuka khansa omwe adamwa HRT anali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga khansa kachiwiri kapena kudwala khansa yatsopano.

Kodi njira zina zochiritsira mafupa m'malo mwa HRT ndi ziti?

Pakusamba, chiopsezo cha matenda a osteoporosis chimawonjezeka, matenda omwe mafupa amachepa komanso amafooka. HRT idalimbikitsidwanso pa izi. Koma tsopano, chifukwa cha zoopsazi, pali njira zina zotetezeka komanso zothandiza.

• Ma Bisphosphonates: Awa ndi mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa kwambiri kwa osteoporosis.
• Mankhwala ena: Dokotala angakupatseninso mankhwala ena monga Abaloparatide , Denosumab, Romosozumab, ndi Teriparatide.
• Ma SERM (Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators): Iyi ndi gulu latsopano la mankhwala omwe amagwira ntchito ngati estrogen. Amawonjezera kuchulukana kwa mafupa ndikuteteza ku osteoporosis, komanso amateteza ku khansa ya m'mawere. Raloxifene (Evista) ndi mankhwala otchuka amtunduwu. Komabe, awa sachepetsa zizindikiro za kusamba (hot flashes), ndipo angawonjezerenso.

Zinthu zomwe mungachite kuti mafupa akhale ndi thanzi labwino kupatula mankhwala

Kuwonjezera pa mankhwala, moyo ungathandizenso kwambiri kuti mafupa anu akhale olimba.

• Maseŵero olimbitsa thupi onyamula zolemera: Maseŵero olimbitsa thupi monga kuyenda, kuthamanga, ndi kukwera masitepe.
• Kumwa mankhwala owonjezera a calcium ndi vitamini D: Funsani dokotala wanu ndipo yambani ngati pakufunika kutero.
• Pewani kusuta: Kusuta fodya kumawononga mafupa kwambiri.
• Kupewa kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso.