Kodi kuledzera n’chiyani? Kodi tikambirane za vutoli pang’ono?

Kodi mwamvapo kangati mawu oti "kuledzera"? Mwina mwamvapo m'nyuzipepala, pa TV, kapena kuchokera kwa mnzanu. Kodi "kuledzera" kwenikweni ndi chiyani? Nchifukwa chiyani timakuona kukhala kofunikira kwambiri? Kodi kungakhudze bwanji moyo wa munthu? Chabwino, tiyeni tikambirane zonsezi m'njira yosavuta lero, mwanjira yomwe mungamvetse. Musadandaule, iyi ndi nkhani yongodziwitsa.

Kodi chizolowezi n’chiyani, mwachidule?

Mwachidule, chizolowezi ndi chilakolako champhamvu kwambiri chochita kapena kugwiritsa ntchito chinthu chomwe chimakhala chovuta kwambiri kuchilamulira. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, malingaliro amakokedwa nacho mpaka kufika poti sizingatheke kusachita. Ichi si chizolowezi choipa chokha. Ndi chinthu chovuta kwambiri komanso chakuya. Tangoganizirani, bwanji ngati mukufuna kudya chakudya chomwecho osati kwa tsiku limodzi kapena awiri okha, koma bwanji ngati simungathe kukhala popanda icho? Chinthu chomwecho chimachitika ndi chizolowezi, koma chimakhala champhamvu kwambiri. Chimayamba kulamulira moyo wonse wa munthu, malingaliro ake, malingaliro ake, ndi zochita zake. Mu chizolowezi, munthu amavutika kusiya kuchita chinthucho, ngakhale akudziwa kuti chili ndi zotsatirapo zoipa. Ngakhale akufuna, amavutika kuthana ndi chilakolako chimenecho.

Ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zingakhale zosokoneza?

Tikamanena kuti "kuledzera," nthawi zambiri timaganiza za mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Koma zoona zake n'zakuti, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinthu zomwe zingakhale zoledzeretsa.

Kuledzera ndi Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo

Uwu ndi mtundu wa chizolowezi chomwe timachiwona ndikulankhula nthawi zambiri.

• Ndudu: Izi zimatha kukhala zovuta kuzimvetsa chifukwa cha mankhwala otchedwa nikotini .
• Mowa: Ngakhale kuti ndi wofala m'dera la anthu, mowa ukhoza kukhala wovuta kwambiri.
• Chamba / Udzu : Ngakhale anthu ena angaganize kuti izi sizoipa kwenikweni, chamba chingathenso kukhala choledzeretsa, makamaka chikagwiritsidwa ntchito ali aang'ono.
• Mankhwala osokoneza bongo monga Heroin ndi Cocaine: Mankhwalawa ndi amphamvu kwambiri, oledzeretsa kwambiri, komanso oopsa kwambiri. Angakupwetekeni kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zina angakupheni.

Tikagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zimenezi, timakhala okonda zosangalatsa zakanthawi zomwe amapereka, ndipo pang'onopang'ono zimakhala zofunika kwambiri.

Kodi mungakhale ndi chizolowezi cha makhalidwe oipa? (Khalidwe Loipa)

Inde, musadabwe, munthu akhoza kukhala ndi zizolowezi zina ngakhale popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Timatcha izi kuti "Zizolowezi Zodziletsa." Nazi zitsanzo zingapo:

• Chizolowezi cha kutchova juga: Kulephera kusiya kutchova juga, kaya mupambana kapena kutaya ndalama.
• Chizolowezi cha pa intaneti/pa malo ochezera a pa Intaneti:Ndimathera tsiku lonse pafoni yanga, ndikuganizira za ma like ndi ma comment.
• Chizolowezi cha Masewera: Kusewera masewera kwa maola ambiri osadya, kumwa, kapena kugona.
• Kugula Zinthu Molakwika: Kulephera kusiya kugula zinthu popanda chifukwa kapena popanda ndalama.

Ngakhale m'zinthu ngati izi, ubongo umazolowera chisangalalo cha kanthawi chomwe umalandira ukachita zimenezo, ndipo sungathe kukhala popanda icho.

Kodi chizolowezi chimachitika bwanji? Kodi n’chiyani chimachitika ku ubongo?

Izi ndi zasayansi pang'ono, koma ndifotokoza mwachidule. Pali gawo la ubongo wathu lotchedwa "Dopamine". Tikadya chakudya chokoma, kulandira chiyamiko, kapena kuchita zomwe timakonda, malo awa amatulutsa mankhwala monga "Dopamine." Izi zimatipangitsa kumva osangalala komanso okhutira. Izi ndi zachilendo komanso zachilengedwe. Komabe, tikamagwiritsa ntchito zinthu monga mankhwala osokoneza bongo, "Dopamine" iyi imalimbikitsidwa mwadzidzidzi, mwamphamvu kwambiri. Imatipatsa "chisangalalo" chachilengedwe, chachikulu kuposa chisangalalo chachibadwa. Vuto limayamba apa. Ubongo umazolowera kuchuluka kwa "Dopamine". Pakapita nthawi, zinthu ziwiri zimachitika: 1. Kulekerera: Kuti mupeze chisangalalo champhamvu chomwe mudapeza kale, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ambiri. Simumamvanso chisangalalo chifukwa cha kuchuluka kochepa. 2. Zizindikiro Zosiya Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala: Mukasiya kapena kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, mumayamba kukumana ndi zizindikiro zosasangalatsa m'thupi lanu ndi m'maganizo mwanu. Mwachitsanzo, kutopa, kupweteka kwa thupi, mutu, kusowa tulo, nseru, kusanza, kupweteka m'mimba, thukuta kwambiri, kunjenjemera, nkhawa, ndi kukwiya. Kuti mupewe zizindikiro zosiya kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, mumayambanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa. Izi zili ngati kuzungulira koopsa. Umu ndi momwe munthu amagwera pang'onopang'ono mu dzenje la chizolowezi.

Kodi zizindikiro za chizolowezi ndi ziti? Kodi mumazindikira bwanji?

Pali zizindikiro zingapo zomwe zingakuthandizeni kuzindikira ngati munthu ali ndi chizolowezi chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Kukhala ndi chimodzi kapena ziwiri mwa izi sizitanthauza kuti munthuyo ali ndi chizolowezi chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, koma ngati muwona zingapo motsatizana, muyenera kuda nkhawa.

• Chikhumbo chosalekeza komanso chosalamulirika chofuna kuchita/kugwiritsa ntchito chinthu chimenecho (mankhwala kapena khalidwe).
• Kugwiritsa ntchito kapena kuchita chinthu mochuluka kapena kwa nthawi yayitali kuposa momwe anafunira poyamba.
• Kuyesa kusiya kapena kuchepetsa kuchita zimenezo, koma osatha kuzichita.
• Zimatengera nthawi yambiri ndi khama kuti muipeze, kuigwiritsa ntchito, ndikuchira ku zotsatirapo zake.
• Chizolowezichi chimapangitsa kuti ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku , maudindo apantchito, maphunziro, ndi maudindo abanja zinyalanyazidwe kapena zisachitike bwino.
• Podziwa kuti izi zingayambitse mavuto akuthupi ndi amisala,(monga kusuta ndudu ngakhale mutatsokomola, kutchova juga ngakhale mutataya ndalama) Kupitiriza kuchita zimenezo.
• Monga tanenera kale, kuleza mtima kumawonjezeka (kumafuna mlingo wokwera kuti munthu asangalale mofanana) ndipo zizindikiro zosiya kumwa mankhwala zimachitika munthu akasiya kumwa mankhwalawo.
• Chizolowezichi chimapangitsa anthu kusiya kapena kudzipatula ku zinthu monga maubwenzi, maubwenzi a m'banja, ndi zosangalatsa .

Tangoganizirani, muli ndi mnzanu amene ankamwa mowa pang'ono. Koma tsopano amamwa pafupifupi tsiku lililonse, ngakhale m'mawa. Sapita kuntchito. Nthawi zonse amamenyana ndi banja lake. Ngakhale akufuna kusiya, sangathe kuchita zimenezo. Umu ndi momwe mumaonera munthu amene ali ndi chizolowezi chomwa mowa.

N’chifukwa chiyani anthu ena amalephera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo mosavuta kuposa ena?

Funso limene anthu ambiri amafunsa ndi ili. N’chifukwa chiyani anthu ena amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo mofanana, koma wina amakhala wozolowera pomwe wina satero? Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimapangitsa izi.

• Zinthu Zokhudzana ndi Majini: Ngati wina m'banjamo (makolo, abale ndi alongo) anali ndi chizolowezi chomwa mowa, ena akhoza kukhala ndi chizolowezi chomwa mowa mwa "majini", kutanthauza kuti, chiopsezo chomwa mowa mwa "majini". Komabe, si aliyense amene amakhala chizolowezi chomwa mowa mwa "majini" chifukwa chakuti ali ndi chibadwacho.
• Kuyamba Kale: Chiwopsezo cha chizolowezi chimakhala chachikulu kwambiri ngati muyamba kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, makamaka muli aang'ono, pamene ubongo sunakule bwino.
• Mavuto a Thanzi la Maganizo : Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda amisala monga 'Depression', ' Anxiety' , ' Stress' angayambe kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ngati mpumulo wakanthawi ku ululu ndi kupsinjika maganizo. Koma zimenezo zimangowonjezera vutoli.
• Zinthu Zokhudza Chilengedwe: Kukhala m'malo omwe mankhwala osokoneza bongo amapezeka mosavuta, kukakamizidwa ndi anzawo, mavuto a m'banja, komanso zochitika zoopsa zingapangitsenso kuti munthu ayambe kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
• Mtundu wa Mankhwala: Mankhwala ena (monga heroin, cocaine) ndi osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito komanso ovuta kugwiritsa ntchito kuposa ena.

Kodi kuledzera ndi kufooka kapena matenda?

Iyi ndi mfundo yofunika kwambiri. Anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti kuledzera ndi kusowa mphamvu m'maganizo, kufooka, komanso kutsika kwa makhalidwe abwino. Chifukwa chake, amamuyang'ana munthu woledzera ngati kuti akuyang'ana wachifwamba.

Koma zoona zake n'zakuti, kuledzera ndi vuto la ubongo lomwe lingachiritsidwe komanso lovuta, monga matenda a shuga kapena matenda a mtima. Si chisankho.

Kuledzera kumasintha kapangidwe ndi ntchito ya ubongo. Ndicho chifukwa chake zimakhala zovuta kulamulira. Chifukwa chake, m'malo modzudzula munthu amene ali ndi chizolowezi, ndikofunikira kumumvetsa ndi chifundo ndikumuthandiza.

Kodi ndingapeze bwanji thandizo? Kodi pali chithandizo?

Inde! Iyi ndi nkhani yabwino kwambiri. Pali chithandizo cha chizolowezi, ndipo n'zotheka kuchira kwathunthu ku chizolowezi. Koma zimatenga nthawi, kudzipereka, ndi chithandizo choyenera ndi chithandizo. Ngati inu kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa akuvutika ndi izi, nazi zina zomwe mungachite: 1. Lankhulani ndi munthu amene mumamudalira: Choyamba choti muchite ndikulankhula ndi munthu amene mumamudalira popanda kumubisa. Akhoza kukhala wachibale, bwenzi labwino, mphunzitsi, mtsogoleri wachipembedzo, kapena 'dokotala'. 2. Funafunani uphungu wa zachipatala: Funafunani uphungu kwa 'dokotala woyenerera', 'dokotala wa matenda amisala', kapena 'mlangizi'. Akhoza kuwunika momwe zinthu zilili ndi kupanga dongosolo la chithandizo lomwe limagwira ntchito bwino kwa inu. 3. Njira zochiritsira:

• Chithandizo cha Zamankhwala: Pali mankhwala ena omwe angathandize kuchepetsa zizindikiro zosiya kumwa mowa komanso kuchepetsa chilakolako cha mowa. Mankhwalawa amapezeka kokha ndi dokotala.
• Uphungu ndi Machiritso a Khalidwe: Uphungu umakuthandizani kulankhula ndi kuthana ndi mavuto a thanzi la maganizo ndi malingaliro omwe adakupangitsani kukhala ndi chizolowezi. Mankhwala monga Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) angakuthandizeni kusintha malingaliro ndi machitidwe osokoneza bongo ndikuphunzira njira zatsopano komanso zabwino zothetsera mavuto.
• Malo Ochiritsira Anthu Odwala: Anthu ena angafunike kukhala m'malo ochiritsira anthu odwala kwa kanthawi kuti akalandire chithandizo. Kumeneko, amalandira chithandizo ndi chithandizo chosiyanasiyana m'malo otetezeka.
• Magulu Othandizira: Kulowa m'magulu othandizira monga `Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)` (kwa iwo omwe ali ndi vuto la mowa) ndi `Narcotics Anonymous (NA)` (kwa iwo omwe ali ndi vuto la mankhwala osokoneza bongo) kungakhale njira yothandiza kwambiri yopezera chidziwitso, chilimbikitso, ndi chithandizo kuchokera kwa ena omwe akukumana ndi vuto lomweli.

Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti, musachite mantha kapena kuchita manyazi kupempha thandizo.N'zotheka kuchira ku chizolowezi. N'zovuta kudutsa ulendowu wekha, choncho onetsetsani kuti mwapeza thandizo.

Kodi kuledzera kungapewedwe?

Kupewa chizolowezi chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo n'kofunika kwambiri, makamaka pakati pa achinyamata.

• Kudziwa kuopsa kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo: Dziwani bwino lomwe mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kuopsa komwe angayambitse, komanso chiopsezo cha chizolowezi. Chidziwitsochi chiyenera kuperekedwa ndi masukulu ndi makolo.
• Kuphunzira kunena "Ayi": Ngati mukukakamizidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kuchokera kwa anzanu kapena wina aliyense, lekani "ayi" ndipo tsimikizani kupewa. Mabwenzi enieni sangakukakamizeni kuchita chilichonse choipa.
• Njira zabwino zothetsera kupsinjika maganizo: Ndizachibadwa kukhala ndi kupsinjika maganizo m'moyo. M'malo mofunafuna mayankho ake pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, yesani kuchepetsa kupsinjika maganizoko pogwiritsa ntchito njira zabwino monga 'kusewera masewera', 'kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi', 'kusinkhasinkha', kuchita zinthu zomwe mumakonda, kapena kulankhula ndi mnzanu wabwino.
• Kufuna thandizo msanga: Ngati mukuvutika maganizo, mukumva kusungulumwa, kapena mukumva kuti mavuto akuchulukirachulukira, lankhulani ndi munthu wamkulu wodalirika, mlangizi, za izi. Musavutike nokha.

Zinthu zofunika kwambiri kuzikumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Chabwino, lero takambirana zambiri zokhudza kuledzera. Pomaliza, kumbukirani mfundo izi.

• Kuledzera si kusankha kapena kufooka kwa makhalidwe abwino. Ndi matenda ochiritsika omwe amakhudza ubongo.
• Kuledzera kungakhudze aliyense, wa msinkhu uliwonse, wa mtundu uliwonse. Choncho musanyoze aliyense.
• Kuledzera kungakhale ndi zotsatirapo zoopsa zakuthupi, zamaganizo, zachikhalidwe, komanso zachuma.
• Pali thandizo ndi chithandizo. N'zotheka kuchira kwathunthu ku chizolowezi. Zimafunika kudzipereka ndi chithandizo choyenera.
• Ngati inu kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa akuvutika ndi chizolowezi chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, chonde funsani thandizo. Musachite manyazi kapena mantha.
• Chinthu chabwino kwambiri chomwe mungachite ndikupewa chizolowezi, ndipo ndikofunikira kwambiri kuphunzitsa achinyamata, makamaka za izi.

Kumbukirani, kuledzera si mapeto a ulendo. Ndi chithandizo choyenera, kumvetsetsa, ndi chithandizo, aliyense angathe kuthana ndi vutoli ndikukhala ndi moyo wathanzi komanso wachimwemwe. Simuli nokha.

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