Kodi pali kusintha kulikonse pakhungu lanu? Tiyeni tiphunzire za Squamous Cell Carcinoma!

Kodi mudayamba mwada nkhawa ndi chilonda chatsopano, chilonda chomwe sichichira, kapena malo ofiira, okhala ndi ziphuphu pakhungu lanu? Mwina simukuganiza zambiri za izi. Koma, kusintha kwa khungu kumeneku nthawi zina kungakhale chizindikiro cha chinthu china choopsa kwambiri. Lero tikambirana za mtundu umodzi wa khansa ya pakhungu. Imatchedwa squamous cell carcinoma, kapena SCC.

Kodi squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) ndi chiyani? Tiyeni timvetse mosavuta!

Chabwino, tsopano tiyeni tiwone kuti squamous cell carcinoma ndi chiyani. Mwachidule, ndi mtundu wa khansa ya pakhungu. Imayamba kunja kwa khungu lathu, epidermis, yotchedwa squamous cells. Kunena zoona, ndi mtundu wachiwiri wofala kwambiri wa khansa ya pakhungu. Woyamba ndi basal cell carcinoma.

Nthawi zambiri, khansa ya squamous cell iyi imayamba m'malo a matupi athu omwe amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi dzuwa. Taganizirani malo monga mutu wanu, manja, ndi miyendo. Komabe, nthawi zina khansa imeneyi imathanso kuchitika m'malo a thupi komwe kuli nembanemba ya mucous. Ndiko kuti, m'malo monga mkati mwa pakamwa, mapapo, ndi rectum.

Kodi mitundu ikuluikulu ya khansa iyi ndi iti?

Pali mitundu ingapo ikuluikulu ya khansa ya squamous cell, kutengera komwe ili m'thupi komanso momwe yafalikira.

• Matenda a khungu: Khansa yamtunduwu ingakhale pamalo omwe ali pamwamba pa khungu kapena imatha kufalikira kupitirira pamwamba pa khungu.
• Kufalikira kwa maselo m'thupi: Izi zimachitika pamene khansa imafalikira kupitirira khungu kupita ku ziwalo zina za thupi.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga khansa ya squamous cell?

Ndipotu, aliyense akhoza kutenga khansa iyi. Komabe, anthu ena ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu. Onani ngati izi zikukukhudzani:

• Ngati khungu lanu lawonongeka chifukwa cha kuwala kwa dzuwa kwa nthawi yayitali kuyambira muli ana kapena chifukwa cha kuwonongeka ndi dzuwa.
• Ngati muli ndi khungu loyera kwambiri, maso abuluu kapena obiriwira, komanso tsitsi lanu ndi lofiirira kapena lofiira.
• Ngati muli ndi zaka 65 kapena kuposerapo.
• Ngati chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chili chofooka (monga munthu amene anaikidwa chiwalo china).
• Ngati mwakumanapo ndi mankhwala enaake (monga utsi wa ndudu, arsenic).

Amuna ali ndi mwayi wowirikiza kawiri wodwala khansa iyi kuposa akazi. Ngakhale kuti ndi yofala kwambiri pakati pa anthu azaka zopitirira 50, chiwerengero cha anthu omwe ali ndi khansa imeneyi chawonjezeka posachedwapa pakati pa anthu osapitirira zaka 50.

Akuti anthu opitilira miliyoni imodzi ku United States kokha amadwala khansa ya squamous cell chaka chilichonse. Akutinso chiwerengero cha anthu omwe akudwala matendawa chawonjezeka ndi pafupifupi 200% m'zaka 30 zapitazi. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwa izi.

Kodi zizindikiro za khansa ya squamous cell ndi ziti? Kodi mumaizindikira bwanji?

Ngati muwona kusintha kulikonse pakhungu lanu, dziwani. Izi zitha kukhala zizindikiro za squamous cell carcinoma:

• Chilonda chokwera kapena chotupa pakhungu. Izi zimatha kuphulika ndi kutuluka magazi .
• Chotupa chomwe chimakwezedwa pamwamba pa khungu lozungulira ndipo chimawoneka ngati chotupa pakati.
• Chilonda chomwe sichichira kapena chilonda chomwe chimachira ndikubwereranso.
• Malo ofiira, opapatiza, komanso ofiira pakhungu omwe angakhale inchi imodzi (pafupifupi masentimita 2.5) kapena kuposerapo .

Ndi zizindikiro zina ziti zomwe zingazindikire izi?

Pali zizindikiro zina zomwe zingasonyeze kuti ndi khansa ya squamous cell:

• Chiphuphu kapena chophuka pakhungu. Chingakhale chouma, choyabwa , chokhala ndi zipsera, kapena mtundu wosiyana ndi khungu lozungulira. Matendawa amatchedwanso ``Actinic Keratosis```.
• Ngati muli ndi chilonda pa mlomo wanu wam'munsi, khungu lake lasintha mtundu, louma, komanso losweka . Lingamveke ngati kutentha mukatuluka padzuwa. Izi zimatchedwanso `(Cheilitis)`.
• Ngati muli ndi mawanga oyera kapena osintha mtundu mkamwa mwanu, pa lilime lanu, mkamwa, kapena m'masaya , vutoli limatchedwa ``Leukoplakia''.

Kodi khansa imeneyi imapezeka kuti m'thupi?

Ngakhale kuti squamous cell carcinoma imatha kufalikira kulikonse m'thupi, imapezeka kwambiri m'malo awa:

• Pakhungu
• Pakamwa, lilime ndi pakhosi (lomwe limatchedwanso ``Oral Carcinoma'')
• Nkhope, milomo, mphuno, makutu, nsidze, ndi chigaza
• Esophageal Carcinoma (yomwe imatchedwanso Esophageal Carcinoma kapena Epidermoid Carcinoma)
• Manja, miyendo
• Malo a rectal

N’chifukwa chiyani khansa ya squamous cell iyi imayamba? Kodi chifukwa chake n’chiyani?

Choyambitsa chachikulu cha khansa iyi ndi kusintha kwa majini otchedwa `(p53 gene)` m'maselo athu. Choyambitsa chachikulu cha kusintha kwa `(p53 gene)` kumeneku ndi kukhudzidwa ndi kuwala kwa ultraviolet (UV rays) kuchokera ku dzuwa ndi njira zopangira monga `(tanning beds)` zomwe zimawonetsa khungu ku kuwala kwa UV.

Mwachidule, `(jini la p53)` ili ndi lomwe limayang'anira kugawikana kwa maselo athu ndi kupangika kwa maselo atsopano. Izi zili ngati khansa.Zili ngati choletsa chotupa. Choncho, jini iyi ikasintha, maselo amayamba kugawikana kwambiri popanda kulamulira. Pamenepo ndi pamene zinthu monga zotupa za khansa ndi zotupa zimayamba.

Kodi khansa iyi idzafalikira m'thupi lonse?

Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma ndi khansa ya pakhungu yosowa kwambiri yomwe nthawi zambiri imafalikira m'ziwalo zina za thupi. Ngakhale itafalikira, imachepa pang'onopang'ono. Komabe, ikhoza kukhala yoopsa ngati sichitha kuchiritsidwa. Chifukwa chake ngati muwona kusintha kulikonse pakhungu lanu, ndi bwino kupita kwa dokotala mwachangu momwe mungathere.

Kodi khansa iyi imapezeka bwanji? (Kuzindikira)

Dokotala wanu adzayamba wafufuza malo omwe zizindikiro zanu zili. Izi zikutanthauza kukula, mawonekedwe, ndi malo a chotupa kapena chotupacho. Kuphatikiza apo, adzafunsa mafunso kuti adziwe zambiri za mbiri yanu yachipatala ndi zizindikiro zake. Mwachitsanzo:

• "Kodi munayamba liti kuzindikira chotupa/balachi?"
• "Kodi kukula kwa izi kunasintha mutaziwona koyamba?"
• "Kodi izi zikupweteka? Kodi zikuyabwa?"

Ndi mayeso amtundu wanji omwe amatsimikizira izi?

Pambuyo poyesedwa ndi dokotala, mayeso ena angachitike kuti atsimikizire matendawa:

• Kuyeza khungu: Izi zimaphatikizapo kutenga minofu yaying'ono kuchokera pamalo okhudzidwa ndikuyang'ana pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu.
• Mayeso ojambulira zithunzi (monga CT scan kapena MRI): Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuona kukula kwa khansa pansi pa khungu komanso ngati yafalikira mbali zina za thupi, makamaka ma lymph nodes.

Kodi magawo a khansa ya squamous cell ndi ati?

Dokotala wanu adzakupatsani gawo la matendawa kuti adziwe momwe khansa yafalikira m'thupi lanu. Gawoli lidzasankha chithandizo chabwino kwambiri kwa inu. Pali magawo asanu akuluakulu a khansa ya squamous cell:

• Gawo 0: Khansa imapezeka pamwamba pa khungu (epidermis). Imeneyi imatchedwanso Squamous cell carcinoma in situ.
• Gawo Loyamba (1): Khansa ili pamwamba ndi pakati pa khungu (Epidermis ndi Dermis).
• Gawo Lachiwiri (2): Khansa ili m'zigawo za pamwamba ndi zapakati pa khungu ndipo yafalikira ku mitsempha kapena zigawo zakuya kwambiri za khungu (Epidermis, Dermis ndi Subcutis).
• Gawo Lachitatu (3): Khansa yafalikira kupitirira khungu mpaka ku ma lymph nodes.
• Gawo Lachinayi (4): Khansa yafalikira ku ziwalo zina za thupi ndi ziwalo monga chiwindi, mapapo, ndi ubongo.

Kodi khansa ya squamous cell imachiritsidwa bwanji?

Cholinga chachikulu cha chithandizo ndikuchotsa khansa m'thupi. Mtundu wa chithandizo chomwe mumalandira udzadalira zinthu monga kukula, mawonekedwe, ndi malo a khansa. Nazi zina mwa mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri:

• Kuchiza ndi kuwononga maselo a khansa.
• Chithandizo cha Photodynamic (PDT):Khansa imachotsedwa pakhungu pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi kuwala komanso kuwala kwa buluu.
• Kuchotsa Mabala ndi Kuchotsa Ma Electrodesiccation: Chotupa cha khansa chimachotsedwa ndi chida chonga supuni chotchedwa curette kenako chimatenthedwa ndi magetsi.
• Kuchotsa khungu: Opaleshoni imachitika kuti ichotse khansa pakhungu kenako n’kusoka khungulo pamodzi.
• Opaleshoni ya Mohs: Izi zimaphatikizapo kuchotsa zigawo za khungu zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi khansa. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika pa khansa zomwe zimachitika pankhope.
• Mankhwala Ochiza Khansa: Mankhwala amphamvu amaperekedwa kuti awononge maselo a khansa m'thupi.

Kodi mitundu ya mankhwala operekedwa a khansa iyi ndi iti?

Nthawi zina, ngati khansa yafalikira pang'ono, kapena ngati opaleshoni yochotsa khansa si njira yabwino kwa inu, dokotala wanu angakulembereni mankhwala.

• Mafuta odzola pakhungu okhala ndi ``Imiquimod`` kapena ``5-Fluorouracil`` amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa khansa ya squamous cell yomwe ili pamwamba pa khungu (epidermis).
• Chithandizo cha immunotherapy chotchedwa ``Cemiplimab-rwlc (Libtayo®)`` chimaperekedwa ku khansa ya squamous cell yotsogola.
• Chithandizo cha immunotherapy chotchedwa ``Pembrolizumab (Keytruda®)`` chimaperekedwa ku khansa ya squamous cell yomwe singathe kuchiritsidwa ndi opaleshoni.

Kodi pali zotsatirapo zilizonse pa mankhwala awa?

Zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri ndi kusintha kwa mawonekedwe a khungu pambuyo pochotsa khansa, monga zipsera.

Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oteteza thupi ku matenda a immunotherapy, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za zotsatirapo zake.

Kodi ndidzachira msanga bwanji nditalandira chithandizo?

Nthawi yomwe thupi lanu limatenga kuti lichiritsidwe pambuyo pa chithandizo imasiyana malinga ndi munthu ndi munthu. Zimatengera zinthu monga kukula, mawonekedwe, ndi malo a khansa. Kawirikawiri, anthu ambiri amachira mkati mwa milungu iwiri kapena inayi kuchokera pamene khansa yachotsedwa. Patatha milungu ingapo kuchokera pamene chithandizo chaperekedwa, dokotala wanu adzakuyang'ananinso kuti atsimikizire kuti thupi lanu likuchira bwino komanso kuti chithandizocho chikugwira ntchito.

Kodi izi zimateteza bwanji ku khansa ya squamous cell?

Ngakhale kuti sizingatheke kudziteteza kwathunthu ku mitundu yonse ya khansa ya squamous cell, pali zinthu zomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chanu:

• Pewani kukhala padzuwa kwambiri.
• Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito mipanda yopaka utoto.
• Nthawi zonse valani magalasi a dzuwa, zipewa, ndi zovala zotetezedwa ndi UPF mukakhala panja. Komanso, gwiritsani ntchito mafuta oteteza ku dzuwa.
• Siyani kusuta.
• Pewani kukhudzana ndi mankhwala opanda zida zodzitetezera.

Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti ngati muwona kusintha kulikonse kwatsopano pakhungu lanu, chotupa, kapena bala lomwe silikuchira, kapena ngati mukukayikira chilichonse, pitani kwa dokotala kapena dermatologist nthawi yomweyo.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati ndili ndi squamous cell carcinoma?

Nthawi zambiri, squamous cell carcinomaNgati yapezeka msanga, pali chiyembekezo chabwino komanso mwayi waukulu wopulumuka. Kuzindikira msanga ndi kulandira chithandizo kungalepheretse khansa kukula ndikuwononga ziwalo zina za thupi.

Ngakhale dokotala wanu atachotsa khansa yanu, pali mwayi wochepa woti idzabwereranso mtsogolo. Choncho pitirizani kulankhulana ndi dokotala wanu kuti muwonetsetse kuti mulibe khansa konse. Ndikofunikanso kuteteza khungu lanu ku kuwala kwa UV mukatuluka panja.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Pankhaniyi, muyenera kuwona dokotala:

• Ngati muwona chinthu pakhungu lanu, monga chotupa chatsopano, chibayo, bala lomwe silikuchira, kapena kusintha kwa malo omwe akhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali .
• Ngati mukufuna kuti khungu lanu lifufuzidwe ndi dokotala wa khungu chaka chilichonse.
• Ngati pali zotsatirapo kapena mavuto monga kupweteka, kutuluka magazi, kapena kuyabwa komwe kumakhudzana ndi chithandizo cha khansa ya squamous cell.

Ndi mafunso ati omwe ndiyenera kufunsa dokotala wanga?

• "Ndili ndi gawo liti la khansa ya squamous cell?"
• "Kodi ndikufunika opaleshoni kuti ndichotse khansa m'thupi langa?"
• "Kodi ndiyenera kuwonana ndi dokotala wa khungu?"
• "Kodi pali zotsatirapo zilizonse za mankhwalawo?"

Kodi kusiyana pakati pa squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) ndi basal cell carcinoma (BCC) ndi kotani?

Khansa ya squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) ndi khansa ya basal cell carcinoma (BCC) ndi mitundu yonse ya khansa ya pakhungu. Zonsezi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuwala kwa dzuwa kwambiri (ultraviolet rays). Matenda onsewa amayamba chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa maselo a squamous kapena maselo a basal. Khansa ya squamous cell carcinoma, monga khansa ya basal cell carcinoma, imatha kufalikira m'khungu. Komabe, SCC ndi yapadera chifukwa imatha kufalikiranso m'malo omwe muli nembanemba ya mucous, monga mkati mwa pakamwa, pakhosi, m'mapapo, ndi m'mimba.

Kodi 'squamous cell carcinoma in situ' ndi chiyani?

Khansa ya squamous cell in situ imatchedwanso matenda a Bowen . Mawu oti "in situ" amatanthauza kuti maselo a khansa amakhala pamwamba pa khungu (epidermis). Matenda a Bowen nthawi zambiri amapezeka pakhungu lomwe lili ndi dzuwa. Komabe, nthawi zina amatha kufalikira pakhungu lozungulira anus ndi ziwalo zoberekera, mwachitsanzo, pa labia kapena vulva (yomwe imatchedwanso khansa ya vulvar).

Pomaliza, zinthu zoti muzikumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Ndizachibadwa kuchita mantha mukaona chotupa chatsopano pakhungu lanu ndikupeza kuti ndi khansa. Komabe, chithandizo cha squamous cell carcinoma chingachotse bwino khansayo m'thupi lanu. Chofunika kwambiri ndikuchitapo kanthu kuti mudziteteze ku kuwala kwa dzuwa. Ngati muwona zotupa zatsopano kapena kusintha pakhungu lanu, musataye nthawi ndikupita kwa dokotala, pitani naye kuchipatala, ndipo mupeze chithandizo mwachangu ngati pakufunika kutero. Thanzi lanu lili m'manja mwanu!

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