Nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kumvetsetsa zina mwa makhalidwe a ana athu, sichoncho? Ana ena samvera ngakhale phokoso laling'ono, ndipo amalira kwa nthawi yayitali ngakhale atamenyedwa mwamphamvu. Koma pali ana ena omwe, mosasamala kanthu kuti agwa bwanji, amadzuka ngati kuti sizikukhudza, ndipo samvera ngakhale wina akulankhula. Ndicho chimene tikambirane lero pankhani ya kusiyana kwa momwe amachitira ndi zomwe akumva. Makamaka, vuto lotchedwa hyposensitivity, kapena kuchepa kwa zomwe akumva.
Anthu ambiri amasokoneza mawu akuti hyposensitivity ndi hypersensitivity. Zonsezi ndi mavuto ndi momwe ubongo wathu umagwirira ntchito pazochitika, zomwe ndi mitundu iwiri ya Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD). Mwachidule, hypersensitivity ndi pamene munthu amakumana ndi zochitika mwanjira yowonjezereka . Mwachitsanzo, kuwala kwabwinobwino kungapangitse maso anu kukhala abuluu, kapena fungo laling'ono lingakupangitseni mutu kukhala wopweteka. Hyposensitivity ndi yosiyana. Ndi pamene munthu amakumana ndi zochitika zochepa kapena osakumana nazo konse. Izi zikutanthauza kuti samva zinthu monga kutentha, kuzizira, kapena kupweteka mofanana ndi ena.
Kodi pali kugwirizana kotani pakati pa hyposensitivity ndi autism?
Mavuto a kumva awa ndi ofala kwambiri pakati pa ana ndi akuluakulu omwe ali ndi vuto la autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Angasinthe momwe amaonera zinthu monga kuona, kununkhiza, phokoso, kukhudza, kulawa, kulinganiza bwino, malo a thupi, komanso zizindikiro zamkati mwa thupi monga njala ndi matenda. Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi autism ali ndi kuphatikiza kwa kukhudzidwa ndi kumva komanso kusamva bwino ndi zinthu izi.
Mwachitsanzo, ana ena omwe ali ndi autism sangathe kupirira magetsi owala, monga magetsi a fluorescent. Panthawiyo, amatseka maso awo ndikuyesera kuwathawa. Ichi ndi chitsanzo cha hypersensitivity.
Koma mwana amene ali ndi vuto la kusamva bwino maganizo ndi wosiyana. Chifukwa chakuti alibe mphamvu zomvera, nthawi zonse amafufuza zinthu. Mwachitsanzo, nthawi zonse amakhudza zinthu ndi manja awo, amayendetsa manja awo m'makoma, ndikuyika zoseweretsa mkamwa mwawo. Sikuti amangomvetsa zinthu monga njala kapena matenda. Ndicho chifukwa chake nthawi zina sangakuuzeni nthawi yomwe akudwala, chifukwa samva ululu.
Chofunika kwambiri n'chakuti si aliyense amene ali ndi vuto la hyposensitivity amene ali ndi autism (ASD). Ndipo si aliyense amene ali ndi autism amene ali ndi vutoli kwambiri. Lingathenso kuchitika ngati vuto losiyana, lodziimira pawokha.
Ngakhale kuti chifukwa chenicheni cha izi sichinadziwikebe, madokotala amakhulupirira kuti mwina pali chifukwa cha majini. Chifukwa chake, palibe njira yeniyeni yopewera vutoli. Chabwino chomwe tingachite ndikuzindikira zizindikiro ndikupatsa mwana chithandizo ndi chithandizo chofunikira.
Kodi zizindikiro zazikulu za hyposensitivity ndi ziti?
Tikhoza kugawa zizindikirozi m'magulu akuluakulu angapo. Musachite mantha mukaziona. Kungoti mwana wanu ali ndi chimodzi kapena ziwiri mwa izi sizikutanthauza kuti ali ndi vutoli. Koma ngati muwona zizindikiro zingapo motsatizana, ndikofunikira kwambiri kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za vutoli.
| Mtundu wa kukhudzidwa | Zinthu zooneka |
|---|---|
| Malo omvetsera Ponena za zinthu zomwe zamveka |
|
| Mafuta onunkhira Ponena za fungo | |
| Zooneka Ponena za zinthu zooneka | |
| Kulinganiza (Vestibular) Ponena za kuyenda kwa thupi ndi kulinganiza bwino | |
| Zinthu zina zodziwika bwino |
Ndi mankhwala ndi chithandizo chotani chomwe chilipo pa izi?
Pali zinthu zambiri zomwe tingachite kuti tithandize mwana kapena wamkulu yemwe ali ndi vutoli. M'malo moyesa "kukonza", ndikofunikira kwambiri kuwathandiza kuthana ndi dziko mosavuta.
Zinthu zomwe tingachite kunyumba:
- Kupereka zinthu zowoneka: Kugwiritsa ntchito zithunzi, matchati, ndi zina zotero pofotokoza zochita za tsikulo.
- Zoseweretsa zomvera: Perekani zinthu monga zoseweretsa zogwedezeka, mipira yokhala ndi malo osiyanasiyana.
- Kupanga malo otetezeka: Konzani mipando m'nyumba ndipo perekani malo oti mwana aziyenda momasuka popanda kupunthwa kapena kugwa.
- Kupereka mwayi woyenda pafupipafupi: M'malo mouzidwa kuti akhale pamalo amodzi kwa nthawi yayitali, kuwalola kuti adzuke ndikuyenda kapena kulumphalumpha kwakanthawi.
- Kupereka zakudya zokhala ndi zokonda, fungo, ndi kapangidwe kosiyana: Izi zimathandiza kupereka chilimbikitso chofunikira ku dongosolo lawo la kumva.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito mabulangete kapena zovala zolemera: Kupanikizika kwakukulu komwe kumabweretsa kungathandize kuti mtima ukhale pansi kwambiri.
Chithandizo cha ntchito:
Chithandizo chabwino kwambiri komanso chovomerezeka kwambiri cha izi ndi Sensory Integration Therapy . Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika ndi katswiri wa zamaganizo, kapena katswiri wa zamaganizo .
Chithandizochi chimaphatikizapo kuthandiza mwana kulamulira dongosolo lake la kumva kudzera mu zochitika zosiyanasiyana m'chipinda chopangidwa mwapadera (sensory gym). Zipinda izi zili ndi zida zambiri monga ma trampoline, ma ball pit, swings, ndi zovala zolemera. Pamene mwanayo akusewera kudzera mu izi, ubongo wake umaphunzitsidwa kuzindikira bwino zomwe akumva.
Ngati mukuganiza kuti mwana wanu ali ndi zizindikiro izi, choyamba muyenera kufunsa dokotala wodziwa bwino ntchito yake. Dokotalayo adzatumiza mwanayo kwa katswiri wa zamaganizo ngati pakufunika kutero.
Kukhala ndi Hyposensitivity
Kawirikawiri, mwana amaphunzira kuthana ndi mavuto amenewa mpaka kufika pamlingo winawake akamakula. Njira ndi njira zomwe amaphunzira mu Occupational Therapy zidzakhala zothandiza pa moyo wake wonse.
Kupsinjika maganizo kungakulitsenso mavuto amenewa, choncho ndikofunikira kuti akuluakulu, makamaka okalamba, azitha kuthana ndi kupsinjika maganizo.
Kumbukirani, uku si kuuma mtima kwa mwana kapena khalidwe loipa. Uku ndi kusintha kwa mitsempha yake. Chifukwa chake, ndi udindo wa tonsefe kuwachitira zinthu mwachikondi, moleza mtima, komanso kumvetsetsa bwino.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Kusamva bwino kwa thupi ndi kuchepa kwa yankho ku zinthu zomwe zimakuchitikirani. Izi n'zosiyana ndi kusamva bwino kwa thupi, komwe ndi vuto lomwe thupi limakhala lokhudzidwa kwambiri ndi zinthu zomwe zimakuchitikirani.
- Izi zitha kugwirizanitsidwa ndi matenda a autism spectrum disorder (ASD), koma sizili choncho nthawi zonse. Zitha kuchitikanso ngati matenda odziyimira pawokha.
- Dziwani zizindikiro monga kusamva ululu ndi kutentha thupi, kufunikira kusuntha nthawi zonse, komanso kusamva ngakhale mutatchulidwa ndi dzina.
- Dziwani kuti vutoli si vuto la khalidwe la mwana, koma kusintha kwa magwiridwe antchito a mitsempha.
- Ngati muli ndi kukayikira kulikonse za mwana wanu, musazengereze ndipo lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu (dokotala) . Iye adzakupatsani malangizo oyenera.
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