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Mwachidule, kodi ADH ndi chiyani?
ADH ndi homoni yomwe imathandiza kuti madzi azikhala bwino m'thupi lathu. Dzina lina ndi Arginine Vasopressin (AVP). Ili ngati "woyang'anira madzi" m'thupi lathu. Homoni iyi imapangidwa ndi hypothalamus, gawo laling'ono kwambiri koma lofunika kwambiri muubongo wathu. Koma imapangidwa ndikutulutsidwa m'magazi panthawi yoyenera ndi pituitary gland muubongo. Tangoganizirani, thupi lanu likamasowa madzi, kuchuluka kwa magazi anu kumawonjezeka. Izi zimazindikirika ndi masensa m'thupi lathu. Nthawi yomweyo, masensa awa amatumiza chizindikiro ku ubongo kuti, "Chabwino, tsopano tulutsani ADH m'magazi." Kenako homoni iyi ya ADH imayenda m'magazi ndikuuza impso zathu. "Hei, palibe madzi okwanira m'thupi, choncho musatulutse madzi ambiri mumkodzo. Sungani madzi pang'ono." Imauza impso. Impso kenako zimayamwanso madzi omwe thupi limafunikira, ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa mkodzo womwe umatuluka. Nazi zina zomwe zimachitika thupi likasunga madzi motere:- Magazi anu akuchepa pang'ono.
- Kuchuluka kwa osmolality m'magazi, mwachidule, kumatanthauza kuti kuchuluka kwa zinthu zosungunuka m'magazi kumachepa.
- Kuchuluka kwa magazi kumawonjezeka.
- Kuthamanga kwa magazi kungakwere.
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati kuchuluka kwa ADH kukukwera kapena kutsika?
Matenda ena angayambitse thupi lanu kupanga ADH yochepa kwambiri kapena yochuluka kwambiri, kapena impso zanu sizingayankhe bwino ku mahomoni. Apa ndi pamene mavuto amabuka. Tiyeni tiwone zizindikiro za matenda awiriwa.| Zizindikiro za kuchepa kwa ADH (Low ADH) | Zizindikiro za kuchuluka kwa ADH m'magazi |
|---|---|
| Kumva ludzu kwambiri: Kumva ngati sikokwanira ngakhale mutamwa madzi ochuluka bwanji. | Kusanza: Kumva ngati ukufuna kusanza. |
| Kukodza pafupipafupi: kutulutsa mkodzo wambiri patsiku. | Mutu. |
| Kusowa madzi m'thupi: Kutaya madzi m'thupi. | Kusokonezeka maganizo: Kutaya chidziwitso, kutaya njira, ndi zina zotero. |
| Kuchuluka kwa sodium m'magazi. | Kutopa kwambiri komanso kugona tulo. |
| Kuchepa kwa sodium m'magazi. |
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Pali matenda awiri akuluakulu omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kuchepa kapena kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a ADH.1. Matenda a shuga Insipidus
Imeneyi ndi vuto lomwe limachitika thupi likapanda kupanga ADH yokwanira kapena impso zikalephera kuyankha ku ADH.Chofunika kwambiri: Musasokoneze izi ndi "Diabetes Mellitus " yomwe tonse timaidziwa. Matenda awiriwa ndi osiyana kwambiri. Mu " Diabetes Insipidus ", madzi ochulukirapo amatuluka m'thupi kudzera mu mkodzo .Palinso mitundu iwiri ya izi:
- Matenda a shuga a Central Diabetes Insipidus: Izi zimachitika pamene kuwonongeka kwa hypothalamus kapena pituitary gland muubongo kumalepheretsa kupanga kapena kumasula ADH.
- Matenda a shuga a Nephrogenic Insipidus: Apa ndi pamene ubongo umapanga ADH, koma impso sizingathe kuyankha ku mahomoni. Izi zitha kukhala zobadwa nazo kapena chizindikiro cha matenda ena.
2. SIADH (Matenda a Hormone Yosavomerezeka Yoletsa Kutuluka kwa Madzi m'thupi)
Pa vutoli, mahomoni a ADH amatulutsidwa m'magazi panthawi yosayenera komanso mopitirira muyeso. Izi zimapangitsa kuti impso zisunge madzi ambiri, zomwe zingayambitse kuchepa kwa sodium m'magazi.Kodi dokotala amazindikira bwanji matenda awa?
Ngakhale kuti pali mayeso omwe amayesa kuchuluka kwa ADH m'magazi mwanu, madokotala sagwiritsa ntchito nthawi zonse. Nthawi zambiri, dokotala wanu amakupatsirani matenda kutengera zizindikiro zanu, mbiri yanu yachipatala, ndi mayeso ena (kuyesa mkodzo, kuchuluka kwa ma electrolyte m'magazi monga sodium ndi potaziyamu, ndi osmolality). Nthawi zina, mayeso awiri apadera amachitidwa kuti apeze matenda enieni.- Mayeso Ochepetsa Madzi: Mu izi, mukupemphedwa kuti musamwe madzi kwa kanthawi motsogozedwa ndi dokotala. Kenako, magazi ndi mkodzo zimayesedwa nthawi ndi nthawi kuti muwone momwe thupi lanu limayankhira.
- Kuyesa Kudzaza Madzi: Apanso, pansi pa kuyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala, mumapatsidwa madzi okwanira kuti mumwe panthawi inayake. Kusintha kwa magazi ndi mkodzo wanu kumayang'aniridwa kwa maola angapo.
Chofunika kwambiri: Mayeso onsewa ayenera kuchitidwa kuchipatala kokha moyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala kapena ogwira ntchito ophunzitsidwa bwino. Musayesere kuwayesa kunyumba pazifukwa zilizonse, chifukwa pakhoza kukhala zoopsa monga kutaya madzi m'thupi .
Mankhwala omwe angakhudze kuchuluka kwa ADH
Mankhwala ena omwe mumamwa angakhudzenso kuchuluka kwa ADH. Choncho onetsetsani kuti mwadziwitsa dokotala wanu momveka bwino za mankhwala onse omwe mukumwa mukapita kwa dokotala.| Mankhwala omwe angawonjezere kuchuluka kwa ADH | Mankhwala omwe angathandize kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa ADH |
|---|---|
| Carbamazepine, Morphine, Nicotine, Amitriptyline, Desipramine, Barbiturates, Acetaminophen, Metformin, Tolbutamide, Aspirin, Theophylline, Mankhwala oletsa kutupa omwe si a steroidal (NSAIDs) | Ethanol (mowa), Lithium, Phenytoin |
Kuchiza ndi kupewa
Kusintha kwa ADH sikungatheke konse, koma kungalamuliridwe pang'ono mwa kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi komanso kumwa madzi okwanira. Njira zochiritsira zimadalira vutolo.- Ngati kuchuluka kwa ADH kuli kochepa (Diabetes Insipidus): Homoni ya ADH yopangidwa mwaluso imaperekedwa ngati mapiritsi kapena mankhwala opopera m'mphuno. Dokotala amalangizanso kumwa madzi ambiri ndikusintha zakudya.
- Ngati mulingo wa ADH uli wokwera (SIADH): Chofunika kwambiri apa ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe mumamwa patsiku. Komanso, ngati chifukwa cha vutoli ndi matenda ena kapena mankhwala, dokotala adzaganiza zochizira kapena kusintha mankhwala.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- ADH ndi mahomoni ofunikira omwe amalamulira bwino madzi m'thupi lanu.
- Kuchepa kapena kuwonjezeka kwa homoni iyi kungayambitse zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana, monga ludzu lochuluka, kukodza pafupipafupi, komanso kusokonezeka.
- Kumbukirani kuti 'Diabetes Insipidus', matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa ADH, si 'diabetes mellitus'.
- Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, pewani kudziyesa nokha ndipo funsani upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
- Musachite mayeso oletsa madzi omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani kunyumba. Ayenera kuchitidwa kuchipatala kokha komanso moyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala.
- Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuuza dokotala wanu za mankhwala onse omwe mukumwa.
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