Gufata umwana ku mwana: Amakuru y'ubuvuzi ugomba kumenya

Ese urimo gutekereza kurera umwana? Cyangwa urabishishikajwe? Ariko, iki ni ikintu cy’ingenzi kandi cyiza cyane. Ariko hari igice cy’ubuvuzi muri iki gikorwa tugomba kwitaho cyane. Ibyo nibyo tugiye kuvugaho uyu munsi. Muri make, kurera umwana ni inzira y’imibanire, amarangamutima n’amategeko aho umwana utaragize amahirwe yo gukurira hamwe n’ababyeyi be babyara aba umwe mu bagize umuryango, agakundwa kandi akitabwaho. Hari uburyo butandukanye bwo kurera umwana. Urugero, hashobora kubaho kurera umwana ku mugaragaro aho ababyeyi be babyara bazwi kandi bagahura, ndetse no kurera umwana mu buryo bufunze aho nta makuru nk’ayo ahari. Birashoboka kandi kurera umwana umwe cyangwa itsinda ry’abavandimwe. Mu by’ukuri, nta kurera umwana kubiri kumwe. Muri Sri Lanka, ushobora kurera umwana binyuze mu Ishami rishinzwe igeragezwa no kurengera abana cyangwa binyuze mu nkiko. Hari igihe bishoboka kandi kurera umwana uvuye mu muryango mugari ('kurera umwana mu muryango mugari'). Niba uteganya kurera umwana, uzakenera gukorana bya hafi n’inzobere zitandukanye muri iki gikorwa. Harimo:

• Abahagarariye mu by'amategeko (nk'abanyamategeko bashinzwe kurera abana).
• Ibiro bishinzwe kwita ku bana no/cyangwa kurera abana (Ishami rishinzwe gukurikirana abana bavutse muri Sri Lanka).
• Abakozi bashinzwe imibereho myiza y'abaturage.
• Abaganga b'abana.

Muri abo, abaganga b'abana ni itsinda ry'inzobere bafasha imiryango guhaza ibyifuzo by'ubuvuzi by'abana bakurikira inzira yo kurera abana. Ibi birimo kwita ku mwana ku mubiri, mu mutwe, mu mikurire ye no mu marangamutima ye.

Kuki ari ngombwa gutekereza ku buzima bw'abana barezwe?

Noneho ushobora kuba wibaza uti ‘Kuki hari impungenge nyinshi z’ubuvuzi ku bana barezwe?’ Mu by’ukuri, aba bana bashobora kurwara indwara zitandukanye, kimwe n’abandi bana bose. Ariko, hari ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko abana barezwe bashobora kuba bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara indwara zimwe na zimwe z’umubiri, imikurire, n’indwara zo mu mutwe kurusha abandi bana. Izi ngaruka ni ingenzi. Ariko ukoresheje urukundo, ubwitonzi, umutungo n’inkunga utanga, ushobora gufasha umwana wawe gutera imbere no kwishima, nubwo yaba afite izo ndwara.

Kuki abana barera abana bari mu miryango y’abakiriwe baba bafite ibyago byinshi byo kugira ibibazo by’ubuzima?

Hari impamvu nyinshi zishobora gutuma ibi bibaho. Tekereza ko bamwe mu bana bashobora kuba batarabonye ibi bintu mu myaka yabo ya mbere, haba mu nda cyangwa nyuma gato yo kuvuka:

• Serivisi z'ubuzima bw'igihe cyo kubyara n'igihe cyo kubyara.
• Indyo nziza.
• Ibikenewe mu buryo bw'umubiri cyangwa mu buryo bw'amarangamutima (inkunga yo gutera imbere).
• Kurinda uburozi cyangwa indwara zitera indwara (urugero: indwara zandura ), mbere cyangwa nyuma yo kubyara.

Byongeye kandi, abana benshi bashobora kuba barahuye n'ibibazo bikomeye mu myaka yabo ya mbere. Ibyo twita Ibi bibazo by'abana (ACEs) . Ibi akenshi ni ibintu bitera umwana ihungabana rikomeye. Ibi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buzima bwo mu mutwe no ku mubiri bw'umuntu mu buzima bwe bwose. Ingero zimwe na zimwe za ACE zirimo:

• Guhohoterwa no kutitabwaho ku mubiri, mu marangamutima, cyangwa mu gitsina.
• Ihohoterwa ryo mu ngo, guhura n'ihohoterwa muri sosiyete.
• Gutakaza inzu ihoraho, kwimuka kenshi, cyangwa ibidukikije by'urugo bidahamye.
• Abarera abana bahinduka kenshi, ababitaho benshi, cyangwa ababyeyi bagatandukana.
• Guhangana n'ibiza by'umwimerere.
• Urupfu rw'umwe mu bagize umuryango cyangwa uwo bakundaga.
• Gutotezwa n'abandi.

Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko ibintu nk'ibi bibabaza mu gihe gito bishobora kugira ingaruka z'igihe kirekire ku mikurire y'ubwonko. Imihangayiko idashira iterwa n'ibi bintu ishobora no kugira ingaruka z'igihe kirekire ku buzima bw'umubiri.

Ibibazo by'ubuzima bishobora kuvuka ku bana barerwa

Noneho reka turebe ibibazo bitandukanye by'ubuzima aba bana bashobora kugira.

Imiterere y'ubuzima bw'umubiri

Hagati ya 30% na 80% by'abana bari mu kigo cyita ku bana baba bafite nibura ikibazo kimwe cy'ubuzima bw'umubiri. Abagera kuri 33% muri bo bafite ikibazo cy'ubuzima budakira. Zimwe mu ndwara z'umubiri zikunze kugaragara zirimo:

• Kunanirwa gukura no kubura imirire .
• Asima .
• Umubyibuho ukabije .
• Ibibazo byo kutabona neza.
• Ubumuga bwo kutumva.
• Indwara z'imitsi .
• Indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina (STIs).
• Indwara zidakira zikomeye.

Byongeye kandi, iyo habayeho imirire mibi mbere, hashobora kubaho ikibazo cy’ubushyuhe bw’icyuma, kalisiyumu na vitamine D. Byagaragaye kandi ko hafi 20% by’abana bari mu bigo byita ku bana bafite ibibazo bikomeye by’amenyo.

Ingorane z'amarangamutima

Gutandukanya umwana n'umuryango we wa mbere n'aho atuye birabatangaza cyane. Abana barezwe n'ababyeyi babo, bahoraga barezwe, kandi bahuye n'impinduka mu mibereho yabo, bashobora kurushaho guhura n'izi ngorane z'amarangamutima. Ni ngombwa gusobanukirwa imbogamizi zizanwa n'inyongera nshya mu rugo rwawe no mu muryango wawe uko agenda yimenyereza aho atuye hashya. Umwana wawe ashobora kugaragaza ibi bikurikira:

• Kugerageza kuguma kure y'abandi no kuba wenyine.
• Gutungurwa n'uburakari no gusakuza cyane (umujinya mwinshi).
• Kuba umunyamahane, kutumvira.
• Kurira cyane ku buryo udashobora guhagarara.
• Kudashobora gukora ibintu byizwe mbere (urugero: kurya wenyine, gutoragura ibikinisho).
• Ibibazo byo kubura ibitotsi.
• Kubura ubushake mu bintu wakundaga mbere.

Nubwo umwana azagenda amenyera urugo rushya buhoro buhoro, abana benshi bazumva bababajwe no kubura ababitagaho mbere, inshuti, ishuri n'aho baba mu rugo. Menya uko ushoboye kose uburyo wafasha umwana wawe muri iki gihe. Kwihangana ni ingenzi. Ariko, niba ibi bibazo by'amarangamutima bikomeye cyangwa bikomeje, ntutindiganye gushaka inama kwa muganga w'abana w'umwana wawe cyangwa umujyanama mu by'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe .

Indwara zo mu mutwe

Mu bihugu nka Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, abana benshi banyuze mu bigo byita ku bana barezwe bahuye n'ibibazo byo mu mutwe. Ibi bibashyira mu kaga ko kurwara indwara zo mu mutwe. Indwara zo mu mutwe zisanzwe zirimo:

• Indwara zo guhangayika.
• Indwara zo kurya.
• Indwara zo mu mutwe, nko kwiheba no kurwara indwara yo kwiheba.
• Indwara yo guhangayika nyuma y’ihungabana (PTSD).

Byongeye kandi, abana bato bari mu bigo byita ku bana barererwa mu miryango bafite amahirwe menshi yo kugerageza kwiyahura no kugira ibibazo byo gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge kurusha abandi bana bo mu kigero cyabo batari mu bigo byita ku bana barererwa mu miryango.

Imiterere y'imyitwarire

Hagati ya 50% na 75% by'abana bari mu kigo cyita ku bana bafite ibibazo by'imyitwarire cyangwa ubumenyi bwo kubana n'abandi bisaba ubufasha kwa muganga. Indwara zikunze kugaragara cyane ni indwara iterwa no kudakira no kudakira. Ihungabana ry'abana, ibintu bibi bahuye na byo, n'ihungabana rikabije bishobora kujyana n'imyitwarire ikurikira:

• Intege nke mu kugenzura amarangamutima.
• Ubugizi bwa nabi.
• Gukora cyane.
• Kutagira icyo bitaho.
• Ubusabe.

Izi ndwara zongerera ibyago byo kugira ibibazo by'imyitwarire.

Imiterere y'iterambere

Hagati ya 46% na 60% by'abana bari mu kigo cyita ku bana bari munsi y'imyaka itandatu bafite ubumuga bw'imikurire. Muri ubwo buryo harimo:

• Gutinda kuvuga.
• Gutinda gutyaza umuvuduko w'imodoka (urugero: kugorwa no gukanda, gufata ikaramu).
• Gutinda cyane kw'imitsi (urugero: kugorwa no kwiruka, gusimbuka, gufata umupira).
• Ubumuga bwo kwiga cyangwa ubumuga bwo mu mutwe.
• Kudahuza kw'imibanire n'amarangamutima.

Izi ndwara zitangira mu mikurire y'umwana. Zishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere ya buri munsi kandi zishobora kumara ubuzima bwe bwose. Gutinda mu mivugire no mu mikurire y'ururimi ni ibintu bikunze kugaragara cyane. Urugero:

• Indwara yo gutunganya amajwi (APD) (kugorwa no gusobanukirwa ibyo umuntu yumva).
• Aphasia (kugorwa no gukoresha cyangwa kumva ururimi).
• Kudakora neza kw'imivugire mu bwana (ikibazo cyo guhuza imitsi n'imitsi bikenewe kugira ngo umuntu avuge).
• Dysarthria (kudashobora kuvuga neza amagambo bitewe n'intege nke z'imitsi mu gihe cyo kuvuga).

Indwara yo kudahanga amaso/guhangayika cyane (ADHD) ni indwara ikunze kugaragara mu bana barererwa mu miryango.

Ibitekerezo ku buzima mu gutanga abana ku rwego mpuzamahanga

Iyo umwana yakiriwe mu kindi gihugu (kurera umwana mu mahanga), umwana aba afite amahirwe menshi yo kugira ibibazo by'ubuzima bw'umubiri n'ubutinda bw'imikurire. Indwara zandura n'ibura ry'imirire akenshi ni byo bintu by'ingenzi abaganga basanga iyo umwana ageze mu gihugu. Abana barerewe mu mahanga hafi ya bose bagira ubutinda nibura mu gice kimwe cy'iterambere, kandi hafi kimwe cya kabiri cy'abana bashobora kugira ubutinda mu bice byose (ubutinda bw'isi). Kubona inyandiko z'ubuvuzi bw'abana mu bindi bihugu rimwe na rimwe bishobora kugorana cyane. Nanone, izo nyandiko zishobora kuba zituzuye cyangwa zikaba zirimo amakuru atari yo. Ibihugu byinshi bikurikiza gahunda zitandukanye zo gukingira. Kubwibyo, niba umwana uturutse mu kindi gihugu yarakingiwe, ni ngombwa cyane gusuzuma izo nyandiko n'umuganga w'abana kugira ngo barebe neza ko nta nkingo zatanzwe. Niba uteganya kurera umwana uturutse mu kindi gihugu, baza impuguke ku byo umwana akeneye ku buzima bitewe n'igihugu akomokamo n'uko wamutegura.

Tekereza no ku buzima bw'abandi bagize umuryango.

Iyo wongeyeho undi muntu mushya mu muryango wawe, ugomba no gutekereza ku buzima n'imibereho myiza y'abandi bo mu muryango wawe usanzwe. Vugana n'impuguke mu by'ifatwa ry'umwana ku buryo wafasha umuryango wawe kwitwara neza muri iyi mpinduka nini. Baza ibimenyetso byo kwitondera, nko guhangana n'abavandimwe n'ishyari. Ha umuryango wawe usanzwe kwitaho kandi umarane nabo umwanya umwe ku wundi igihe cyose bishoboka. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, ababyeyi bashobora kugira ikibazo cyitwa umunaniro w'abarera abana mu gihe barimo bakurikira inzira yo kugirwa umwana. Muri make, iyi ni umunaniro w'umubiri, w'amarangamutima n'uwo mu mutwe uturuka ku guha umwanya n'imbaraga ku buzima n'umutekano by'undi muntu. Tekereza kwinjira mu itsinda ry'abaterankunga cyangwa kubonana n'umujyanama mu by'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe kugira ngo agufashe wowe n'umuryango wawe guhangana n'iki gihe kigoye. Ni ngombwa kandi gushaka ubufasha ku bakunzi bawe wizeye.

Ni iki wagombye kumenya ku buzima bw'umwana mbere yo kumurera?

Mbere yo kurera umwana - cyangwa vuba bishoboka nyuma yo kurera umwana - gerageza gukusanya amakuru menshi ashoboka yerekeye ubuzima bwe. Uzakenera gukorana n'abantu benshi kugira ngo ubone aya makuru:

• Ikigo gishinzwe kurera abana cyangwa uburyo bwo kwita ku bana barera abana bato (muri Sri Lanka, Ishami rishinzwe gukurikirana abana).
• Umwunganizi wawe mu mategeko wo kurera umwana.
• Ababyeyi b'umwana bavutse cyangwa umuryango we (niba bishoboka).
• Sisitemu z'ibitaro n'abashinzwe ubuvuzi bw'umwana bahozeho cyangwa abasanzweho.
• Ishuri umwana yabanje cyangwa asanzwe yiga.

Amakuru y'ubuzima ugomba kugerageza gushaka ni aya:

• Menya imiterere iyo ari yo yose y’umubiri, iy’ubwenge, iy’imikurire, cyangwa iy’imyitwarire umwana yagize cyangwa yigeze kugira mu bihe byashize, ndetse n’iy’ibitaro cyangwa kubagwa.
• Amakuru yerekeye ivuka, urugero, imyaka yo gutwita, ibiro, uburebure, ingano y'umutwe, n'ingorane mu gihe cyo gutwita cyangwa kubyara.
• Imbonerahamwe y'imikurire y'umwana (uburemere, uburebure, umuzenguruko w'umutwe).
• Inyandiko z'ibikorwa by'iterambere.
• Allergie izwi.
• Imiti ikoreshwa ubu.
• Inyandiko z'inkingo.
• Guhura n'indwara zandura.
• Raporo ku maso n'amenyo.
• Amateka yo kubura imirire myiza cyangwa ibibazo byo kurya.
• Ibisubizo by'ibizamini byakozwe n'abaganga (urugero: ibizamini byo gufata amashusho, ibizamini by'amaraso).
• Raporo z'ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina cyangwa ku byiyumvo cyangwa kutita ku mwana.
• Amateka n'impano by'ishuri.
• Amateka y'imibanire, bivuze umubano w'ingenzi, uhoraho (n'ababyeyi babyaye, ababyeyi barera abana, inshuti) ndetse no gutakaza umubano w'ingenzi.
• Amateka y'ubuvuzi y'abavandimwe ba hafi b'umwana (ababyeyi be b'umubiri n'abavandimwe be).
• Indwara z'urukozasoni mu muryango w'umwana.

Niba urimo kurera umwana cyangwa umwana muto, ni byiza kandi kumenya amateka y'ivuka ry'umwana n'amakuru yerekeye gutwita kwa nyina. Ibi bigomba kuba bikubiyemo:

• Ese umubyeyi yakoreshaga ibiyobyabwenge mu gihe yari atwite, urugero nk'inzoga, itabi, marijuana, cyangwa imiti igabanya ubukana bw'ibiyobyabwenge (opioids)?
• Ese hari imiti wakoresheje cyangwa wayiguze na muganga mu gihe utwite?
• Ese warwaye indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina (STIs) cyangwa izindi ndwara zandura mu gihe utwite?
• Ese hari ingorane zabayeho mu gihe cyo gutwita, kubyara, cyangwa kubyara?

Bitewe n'imimerere, ushobora kubona amakuru amwe gusa. Hari igihe ushobora kutabona ikintu na kimwe. Gerageza gushaka ibisubizo byinshi bishoboka. Ikintu cyiza cyo gukora ni ukujyana aya makuru ukayereka umuganga w'abana mbere y'uko umwana wawe yinjira mu muryango wawe. Hanyuma umuganga ashobora kukwigisha ibijyanye n'ubuvuzi umwana wawe ashobora gukenera no kuguha ubuyobozi rusange bw'ibyo witeze. Bashobora kandi gutanga uburyo bwo kohereza abana ku bahanga cyangwa serivisi zo gufasha abaturage. Ibi bishobora gufasha umuryango wawe koroshya iyi mpinduka. Niba udashobora kubona inama z'abaganga muri ubu buryo mbere yo kurera umwana, jyana umwana wawe kwa muganga w'abana vuba bishoboka nyuma yuko umwana yinjira mu muryango.

Ni uruhe ruhare rw'abaganga b'abana mu gikorwa cyo gutanga umwana ku bana barera abana?

Abaganga b'abana bagira uruhare runini mu gikorwa cyo kwakira abana. Bazakorana nawe kugira ngo bagufashe kumenya ibyo umwana wawe akeneye mu buzima. Bashobora kandi gutanga inkunga y'amarangamutima ku miryango iri mu gikorwa cyo kwakira abana. Ubuvuzi bwo kurera abana no kwita ku bana barererwa ni umwihariko ukomeje kwiyongera mu buvuzi bw'abana. Ushobora gusaba umukozi wawe ushinzwe imibereho myiza cyangwa muganga w'abana kohereza umwana kwa muganga w'abana ufite uburambe muri uru rwego. Inshingano z'abaganga b'abana zirimo:

• Gufasha kubona inyandiko z'ubuzima bw'umwana n'amateka ye.
• Gutanga isuzuma ryuzuye ry'ubuvuzi, kwita ku mwana umeze neza, no gusura umwana ukurikiranwe.
• Gutanga ubuvuzi buhoraho ku mwana n'ibyo akeneye ku buzima bwe.
• Kohereza abaganga b'inzobere, urugero, abahanga mu by'imitekerereze y'abana, abaganga b'indwara z'umutima n'imitsi y'abana, cyangwa abaganga b'indwara z'imitsi n'imivugire.
• Gutanga inama ku bikoresho bishobora gufasha umwana n'umuryango mu gihe kirekire.
• Kugira inama imiryango ku bibazo bishobora kuvuka nyuma yo kurera abana.
• Tanga inama ku ngamba zo guteza imbere umubano ukomeye kandi mwiza mu muryango wawe.
• Niba bikenewe, fasha gutegura inyandiko za gahunda y’uburezi bw’umwana ku giti cye (IEP) na/cyangwa gahunda ya 504 y’ishuri.

Ni iki wakwitega ku ivuriro rya mbere ry'umwana wawe warezwe?

Umwana wawe akigera mu muryango wawe no mu rugo rwawe (mu minsi 30), ugomba kumujyana kwa muganga w’abana kugira ngo asuzumwe ubuzima bwe bwose. Iri suzuma rishobora kugufasha gutangira kuvura ibibazo by’ubuzima bizwi no kumenya ibishya. Izi "sura z’ibanze zo gusuzuma" zirambuye kurusha "sura z’umwana umeze neza" zisanzwe. Umuganga w’abana w’umwana wawe azashaka kuguha amateka menshi y’ubuzima (nk’inyandiko z’ubuvuzi) ashoboka. Bitewe n’ubuzima bw’umwana wawe muri rusange n’imyaka ye, gusura rimwe gusa bishobora kuba ngombwa, cyangwa gusura inshuro nyinshi bishobora gusabwa kugira ngo hasuzumwe ubuzima bwe bwose. Izi "suzuma" akenshi zizaba zikubiyemo:

• Kwemeza no gusobanura neza ibimenyetso by'ubuvuzi bisanzwe.
• Ikizamini cyuzuye cy'umubiri.
• Ikizamini cy'imitsi.
• Ibizamini bihuye n'imyaka, urugero, ibizamini byo gupima abana bavutse, ibizamini byo kumva, kureba, amenyo, n'imyitwarire cyangwa imikurire.
• Gusuzuma ibibazo by'uburwayi bitari byaragaragaye mbere.
• Kuganira ku bibazo byose by'iterambere n'imyitwarire.
• Gusuzuma uko umwana ahagaze mu gukingirwa.
• Kohereza abandi baganga n'inzobere mu by'ubuzima.

Isuzuma

Umuganga w’abana w’umwana wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gupima umwana wawe hashingiwe ku isuzuma rye. Ibi bishobora kuba birimo gupima amaraso, gupima inkari, cyangwa gupima amashusho. Umuganga w’abana ashobora kandi kukugira inama yo gupima amaraso kugira ngo arebe niba umwana wawe yahawe inkingo zijyanye n’imyaka ye.

Isuzuma ry'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe

Impuguke zisaba ko umwana uri mu kigo cyita ku bana barererwamo asuzuma ubuzima bwo mu mutwe mu minsi 30 nyuma yo kwinjira mu muryango wawe. Ni byiza kubikora hamwe n'umujyanama w'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe w'umwana wahuguriwe kwita ku bibazo by'ihungabana.

Ni gute wakwitegura kurerwa n'umwana?

Uburyo bwo kurera umwana busaba imyiteguro myinshi n'intambwe nyinshi. Mbere yo gufata icyemezo cyo kurera umwana, ni ngombwa gusobanukirwa icyo bivuze mu by'ukuri kongeramo umwana mu muryango wawe, cyane cyane icyo ugomba kuzirikana mu bijyanye n'ubuzima bwe n'imibereho myiza ye. Dore bimwe mu bibazo ugomba kwibaza:

• Impamvu zawe zo kurera umwana ni izihe? Ese koko witeguye gufata uyu mwanzuro n'icyo cyemezo cy'ubuzima bwawe bwose?
• Ese ushobora guha umwana ibidukikije birangwa n'urukundo, uburere, kandi bihamye?
• Ese ufite serivisi zihagije zo gufasha no gutanga serivisi z'ubuzima umwana ashobora gukenera?
• Ese witeguye gukora ubuvugizi ku buzima n'imibereho myiza y'abana mu buryo butandukanye (nk'amashuri, ibitaro)?
• Ese wowe n'umuryango wawe mwifuza kumenya uko bishoboka kose ibyo umwana wanyu akeneye ku buzima bwe bwihariye ku mubiri, mu mutwe, mu mikurire, no mu byiyumvo?
• Ese ufite inkunga ikomeye y'inshuti n'abavandimwe ushobora kwizera kandi ukaba witeguye gufasha?

Nk’uko bimeze mu buzima, ntibishoboka guhanura ahazaza cyangwa uko ubuzima buzaba bumeze uri kumwe n’umuntu mushya wo mu muryango. Ariko, iyo usobanukiwe neza icyo kurera umwana bisaba no kwitegura uko bishoboka kose, ushobora gucunga ibyo witeze no gushyiraho ibidukikije bitekanye kandi bishyigikira umuryango wawe. Kurera umwana ni inzira igoye, yihariye, kandi irangwa n’amarangamutima kuri buri wese ubifitemo uruhare. Igice kinini cyo kurera umwana ni ugutekereza no kwitegura ibikenewe by’ubuzima byihariye by’uwo mushya mu muryango wawe. Umuganga w’abana w’umwana wawe ni igice cy’ingenzi cyane mu itsinda ry’umuryango wawe rishinzwe gufasha kurera umwana. Wibuke ko bariho kugira ngo bahe umwana wawe ubuvuzi bwiza bushoboka - kandi bagufashe kumuha ubwo buvuzi.

Ni ubuhe butumwa twifuza kujyana muri iyi nkuru?

Guha umwana uburenganzira bwo kurera ni inshingano nziza kandi ikomeye. Ni ngombwa kwita cyane ku buzima bw'umwana muri uru rugendo.

• Menya neza: Umenye neza ibibazo byihariye by’ubuzima, ubwonko, imyitwarire, n’imikurire y’abana barerwa.
• Kusanya amakuru: Kusanya amakuru menshi ashoboka yerekeye amateka y'ubuzima bw'umwana n'umuryango yakuriyemo.
• Ubufasha bw'umuganga w'abana: Shaka ubufasha bw'umuganga w'abana w'inzobere kandi w'inararibonye kuva mu ntangiriro. Azaba ari we ugufasha cyane.
• Ukwihangana n'urukundo: Ha umwana wawe umwanya wo kumenyera ibidukikije bishya n'umuryango mushya. Gira kwihangana, urukundo, kandi wumvikane.
• Tekereza nawe: Wite ku buzima bwawe bwo mu mutwe no ku mubiri muri uru rugendo. Shaka ubufasha niba ubukeneye.

Wibuke ko urukundo, ubwitonzi, n'inkunga utanga ari byo bizakiza ubuzima bw'aba bana kandi bikabafasha kubaka ahazaza heza.

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` Gufata umwana nk'umwana, kurera umwana nk'umwana, ubuzima bw'umwana, ibibazo by'ubuvuzi, ubuzima bw'umwana, ubuzima bwo mu mutwe, ibibazo by'iterambere