Ikibyimba kidasanzwe ku mubiri wawe? Gishobora kuba ari Hamartoma! Reka tubiganireho - Nirogi Lanka

Ese wigeze wumva akantu gato k'ikibyimba ku mubiri wawe ukumva uhangayitse, ukibaza uti "Iki ni iki?" Cyangwa wenda muganga yavuze ijambo "Hamartoma," maze ugasigara wumva utazi? Hamartoma ni iki mu by'ukuri? Reka tubisobanure mu magambo yoroshye kandi yoroshye kumva hano muri Nirogi Lanka.

Hamartoma ni iki? Reka dukomeze koroshya!

None se, hamartoma ni iki mu by'ukuri? Mu magambo make, ni ingirabuzimafatizo zitari kanseri (zitari mbi). Igizwe n'uturemangingo tumwe dusanzwe tuboneka muri icyo gice cy'umubiri wawe. Ariko, hari itandukaniro rito: utu turemangingo dutondetse mu buryo budahuje cyangwa budasanzwe. Ni nko gufata ikirundo cy'ibikinisho bisa ukabishyira mu kirundo aho kubishyira mu buryo bwiza.

Ijambo "hamartoma" rikomoka ku magambo abiri y'Ikigiriki: "hamartia," bisobanura "ikosa" cyangwa "inenge," na "oma," bivuga "ikibyimba." Mu by'ukuri, ryerekeza ku gikuriro giterwa n'imiterere idahwitse.

Ikintu cy'ingenzi ugomba kwibuka ni uko hamartoma SI kanseri . Bitandukanye n'uturemangingo twa kanseri , ntabwo dukwirakwira mu mubiri wawe wose. Rero, nta mpamvu yo guhangayika. Ariko, bitewe n'aho duherereye, rimwe na rimwe dushobora guteza ibibazo bito.

Hamartoma ishobora kwirema mu mubiri he?

Hamartoma ishobora kugaragara ahantu hose mu mubiri, ariko hari ahantu hake hakunze kugaragara:

• Ibihaha : Hamartoma zikunze kuboneka mu bihaha. Mu by'ukuri, zigize hafi 10% by'ibibyimba by'ibihaha bidakomeye. Akenshi, ziboneka ku bw'impanuka mu gihe cyo gupima X-ray mu gituza ku yindi mpamvu.
• Uruhu: Hamartoma zo mu gituza zikunze kugaragara ku mutwe, mu ijosi, cyane cyane mu maso, ku minwa, cyangwa mu matwi. Hari igihe zishobora kugaragara nk'ikimenyetso cy'amavuko.
• Umutima : Ibi bishobora no kwirema mu mutima. "Cardiac rhabdomyoma" ni ubwoko budasanzwe bwa hamartoma y'umutima. Ibi bikunze kugaragara umwana akiri mu nda ( igihe atwite ) cyangwa nyuma gato yo kuvuka. Nubwo bidakunze kugaragara, biri mu bibyimba by'umutima bikunze kugaragara mu bana bato.
• Ubwonko: Ubwoko bwihariye buzwi nka "hamartomas ya hypothalamic" buboneka muri hypothalamus, agace gashinzwe kuringaniza imikorere y'ingenzi y'umubiri. Nubwo ibi bishobora kubaho kuva umuntu akivuka, akenshi bigaragaza ibimenyetso mu bwana cyangwa mu bwangavu, nko gucika intege , ibibazo byo kutabona , cyangwa ubugimbi butaragera .
• Ibere: Hafi 5% by'ibibyimba by'ibere bidahumanye ku bagore bishobora kuba hamartoma. Bikunze kugaragara cyane ku bagore barengeje imyaka 35.

Byongeye kandi, bifitanye isano n'indwara zimwe na zimwe za genetiki nka PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome (PHTS), izi nyigo zishobora no kugaragara mu mpyiko, mu mugongo, mu mvubura ya tiroyide, no mu magufwa.

Ese hamartoma ikwirakwira mu mubiri wose?

Iki ni ikibazo gikunze kugaragara. Oya, hamartoma si nka kanseri; ntikwirakwira. Iguma aho yakuriye. Ariko, iyo ikibyimba kibaye kinini bihagije, gishobora gukanda ingirangingo cyangwa ingingo nziza ziri hafi aho, bigatera kubabara. Ariko, ibi ni gake cyane.

Ese hari izindi ndwara zifitanye isano na Hamartomas?

Yego, hamartoma zishobora kuba zifitanye isano n'indwara zimwe na zimwe zidasanzwe za genetike, aho impinduka za genetike zituma zivuka.

• Pallister-Hall syndrome (PHS): Ifitanye isano n'impinduka mu ngirabuzimafatizo ya GLI3. Hafi 5% by'abantu bafite hamartomas zo mu bwoko bwa hypothalamic bashobora kuba bafite iyi ndwara.
• Indwara ya sclerosis y'ibibyimba: Iyi ndwara ishobora gutuma hamartoma ikura mu bwonko, mu mutima, mu mpyiko, mu ruhu no mu maso.
• Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) : Indwara idakunze kugaragara mu ngirabuzimafatizo aho hamartomas zishobora kwibasira imitsi mu mubiri wose.
• PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome (PHTS): Itsinda ry'indwara zirimo Cowden syndrome na Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndrome (BRRS), aho hamartoma zishobora kwibasira amabere, nyababyeyi, tiroyide, inzira y'imbere mu nda no ku ruhu.
• Indwara ya Peutz-Jeghers (PJS): Ifitanye isano n'ihinduka ry'uturemangingo twa STK11/LKB1, abantu bafite PJS bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara hamartoma mu bihaha, mu gifu, mu ruhago, mu mara mato, mu mara no mu nzira y'umura.

Niba ufite ikibazo nk'iki cy’uturemangingo, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gupima cyangwa kugisha inama.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'indwara ya Hamartoma?

Kenshi na kenshi, hamartoma ntigira ibimenyetso , bivuze ko ushobora kuyirwara utiriwe wumva ubabaye. Iyo ibimenyetso bigaragaye, akenshi biba ari uko igikuriro cyabaye kinini bihagije ku buryo gishobora gukanda ku ngingo zegeranye. Ibimenyetso biterwa gusa n'aho hamartoma iri.

Urugero, hamartoma y'ibihaha ishobora gutera inkorora idashira cyangwa guhumeka nabi iyo yagutse. Hamartoma y'ubwonko ishobora gutera indwara yo gucika intege cyangwa kutabona neza.

Ni iki gitera Hamartoma?

Abahanga mu bya siyansi ntibahora bazi impamvu nyayo ya buri hamartoma. Nyamara, nk'uko byavuzwe, akenshi bifitanye isano n'imiterere y'uturemangingo, ishobora kuragwa n'ababyeyi bitewe n'impinduka mu miterere y'uturemangingo.

Ese Hamartoma ishobora gutera ingorane?

Hamartoma nyinshi nta kibazo zifite. Ariko, iyo zikuze bihagije ku buryo zibangamira imikorere y'urugingo rw'ingenzi, ibibazo bishobora kuvuka. Urugero, rhabdomyoma y'umutima ishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'umutima, ishobora no gutuma umutima unanirwa. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, hamartoma yo mu bwonko ishobora guhungabanya imikorere y'imisemburo cyangwa imikorere y'ubwonko. Nyamuneka menya neza ko muganga wawe ashobora gukurikirana ibi bimera cyangwa akabikuraho bibaye ngombwa.

Hamartoma ipimwa ite?

Kubera ko hamartoma nyinshi zitagira ibimenyetso, akenshi ziboneka mu buryo bw’impanuka mu gihe cyo gupima hamartoma ku kindi kintu. Gutandukanya hamartoma n’ikibyimba cya kanseri rimwe na rimwe bishobora kugorana, bitewe n’aho iherereye. Muganga wawe azagukorera isuzuma ry’umubiri no gusuzuma amateka y’ubuzima bwawe. Akenshi, hazakenerwa andi mashusho cyangwa ibizamini kugira ngo hemezwe ko ikibyimba ari hamartoma koko. Niba hari ikibazo ufite, nyamuneka shaka ubufasha bwa muganga ako kanya cyangwa uhamagare serivisi zihutirwa niba ugize ibimenyetso bitunguranye kandi bikomeye.

Ni ibihe bipimo byo gusuzuma indwara bikoreshwa?

• X-ray: Ikoresha imirasire mike kugira ngo ikore amashusho y'amagufwa yawe n'ingingo zoroshye. Hari igihe hamartoma zo mu bihaha zigaragara nk'ishusho ya "popcorn" kuri X-ray, ibi bikaba bifasha abaganga kuzitandukanya n'ibibyimba bya kanseri.
• Ultrasound: Ikoresha amajwi kugira ngo ibone amashusho y'uturemangingo tworoshye turi mu mubiri wawe.
• CT scan (CT tomography): Ikoresha imirasire myinshi ya X-ray kugira ngo itange amashusho y'ingingo z'imbere mu mubiri wawe zoroshye n'amagufwa. CT scan ni ingirakamaro cyane mu kumenya hamartoma z'ibihaha.
• MRI (Magnetic resonance imaging): Ikoresha magnetism ikomeye n'imiraba ya radiyo kugira ngo ikore amashusho arambuye kandi afite imiterere yo hejuru y'ingingo zoroshye z'umubiri wawe.
• Mammogram: Ikoresha imirasire mike mu gusuzuma ingingo z'ibere. Hamartoma nyinshi zo mu ibere ziboneka ku buryo bw'impanuka mu gihe cyo gusuzuma kanseri ya mammogram.
• Isuzuma ry'umubiri (biopsy):Umuganga akuramo agace gato k'ingirabuzimafatizo akohereza muri laboratwari. Hanyuma umuganga w'indwara asuzuma uturemangingo akoresheje mikorosikopi. Ubu buryo bwo gusuzuma ni bwo buryo bufatika bwo kumenya niba ingirabuzimafatizo zitarimo ingaruka mbi nka hamartoma cyangwa niba ari mbi. Iki ni cyo gipimo cya zahabu cyo gusuzuma.

Hamartome zivurwa zite?

Gahunda yo kuvurwa igenwa n'aho hamartoma iri ndetse niba hari ibimenyetso biyitera.

• Iyo idatanga ibimenyetso: Niba igikuriro kidatera ibibazo cyangwa ibimenyetso, muganga wawe ashobora guhitamo kugikurikirana gusa. Ibi bisaba gupimwa buri gihe kugira ngo arebe niba hari impinduka mu bunini cyangwa uko bigaragara.
• Niba ufite ibimenyetso cyangwa niba ukeka ko hari kanseri: Muri ibi bihe, kubagwa ni bwo buryo bw'ibanze bwo kuvura.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwihariye bwo kubaga bukoreshwa mu gukuraho hamartoma?

Uburyo buhinduka bitewe n'aho hamartoma iherereye.

Ku ndwara zo mu bihaha zo mu bwoko bwa hamartoma:

• Gukuraho agace k'ibihaha: Igice gito cy'ibihaha gifite ishusho nk'iy'agace k'ibihaha kirimo ikibyimba kirakurwaho, hamwe n'igice cy'ingingo nzima.
• Guca intanga: Agace kose k'ibihaha karakurwaho iyo hamartoma iherereye aho ngaho. Dufite utundi duce dutatu mu gihaha cy'iburyo n'utundi tubiri ibumoso.
• Kubaga ibihaha: Gukuraho ibihaha byose. Ibi ntibikunze kuba ngombwa kuri hamartoma.

Kubwonko (Hypothalamic hamartoma):

• Kubaga igice cyo gucibwamo: Umuganga w’imitsi abaga agakuraho igikomere.
• Ablation: Ingufu nyinshi cyangwa laser zikoreshwa mu gusenya ingingo.
• Kubaga hakoreshejwe imirasire ya GammaKnife®: Ntabwo ari ukubaga gakondo, ubu buryo bukoresha imirasire ihamye kandi ifite ingufu nyinshi kugira ngo bwangize gukura neza nk'uko byakozwe mu kubaga.

Bigenda bite iyo mrwaye hamartoma?

Hamartoma nyinshi si indwara zikomeye, bityo rero ntugahangayike bitari ngombwa. Niba hamartoma irimo kugira ingaruka ku rugingo cyangwa ikaba ifite ibyago byo kuzahura n'ingorane mu gihe kizaza, kubagwa bishobora gukemura ikibazo neza.

Hari igihe kuyikuraho bishobora kugorana. Urugero, iyo hamartoma iri hafi y'umutsi w'amaso, kubagwa bishobora kwangiza umutsi.

Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa kugirana ikiganiro na muganga wawe ku bijyanye niba hamartoma yawe ikeneye gukurwaho n'ingaruka zishobora guterwa n'ubu buryo cyangwa ingorane zishobora guterwa n'ubu buryo.

Ese hamartoma ishobora guhinduka kanseri?

Iki ni ikibazo gikunze kugaragara. Amahirwe yo kuba hamartoma yandura kanseri ni make cyane; ni ikintu kidasanzwe.

Ariko, ibuka ko indwara zimwe na zimwe zifitanye isano na hamartoma (nk'indwara ya Cowden syndrome, ubwoko bwa PHTS) zishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara kanseri muri rusange. Muri ibi bihe, ni indwara y’uruhererekane, si hamartoma ubwayo, yongera ibyago byo kurwara kanseri. Niba ufite iyo ndwara, kwipimisha kanseri buri gihe ni ingenzi.

Ni ibihe bibazo ngomba kubaza muganga wanjye?

Iyo umaze gupimwa indwara ya hamartoma, ushobora kuba ufite ibibazo byinshi. Ugomba kubaza muganga wawe ibi bikurikira:

• Ni iki cyatumye iyi hamartoma ikura?
• Ese ni ngombwa rwose kuyikuraho?
• Ni ibihe bimenyetso ngomba kwitondera kugira ngo menye niba bikenewe kuvurwa?
• Ese iyi hamartoma yaba ari ikimenyetso cy'indwara ikomeye cyane?
• Ese ubujyanama cyangwa gupima imiterere y'umubiri byagirira akamaro njye cyangwa umuryango wanjye?

Ubutumwa bwa nyuma bwo kujyana mu rugo

Ndizera ko aya makuru yagufashije gusobanukirwa neza indwara ya hamartoma. Ikirenze ibyo, ibuka ko indwara ya hamartoma akenshi atari indwara iteye akaga. Si kanseri kandi ntikwirakwira mu mubiri wose.

Kenshi na kenshi, nta buvuzi bukenewe. Ariko, iyo ugaragaje ibimenyetso cyangwa niba muganga wawe afite impungenge, kubagwa ni uburyo bwiza bwo gukemura ikibazo.

Niba bakubwira ko ufite hamartoma, ntugahangayike cyane. Vugana na muganga wawe neza kugira ngo agufashe kumenya intambwe ikubereye. Kwita ku buzima bwawe ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi ushobora gukora muri Nirogi Lanka.