Reka tuvuge muri make kuri sisitemu y'ubwonko, igice gitangaje cy'ubwonko kigenzura amarangamutima yawe n'urwibutso rwawe.

Ese wigeze wibaza uburyo wumva amarangamutima nk'agahinda, ibyishimo, n'uburakari? Cyangwa impamvu wibuka ibintu bimwe neza mu gihe ibindi wibagirwa? Hari igihe ibintu biza mu mutwe nta mpamvu, si byo se? Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku buryo bwihariye, buto, ariko bufite imbaraga nyinshi mu bwonko bwacu bufitanye isano na hafi ya byose. Ibi byitwa limbic system.

Sisitemu y'ibihimba by'umubiri ni iki? Mu magambo make...

Mu magambo make, sisitemu y'ubwonko ni uruhurirane rw'ibice by'ubwonko bwacu bifitanye isano bikorana nk'ikipe. Inshingano nyamukuru y'iyi kipe ni ukugenzura amarangamutima n'imyitwarire yacu. Si ibyo gusa, ahubwo inagenzura kwibuka kwacu, uburyo dutekereza, imbaraga zacu, n'uko imibiri yacu ibyitwaramo. Ntabwo ari ibintu bitangaje?

Tekereza kuri ibi, iyi limbic system ni kimwe mu bice bya kera cyane by'ubwonko bwacu. Niho imiterere karemano y'abakurambere bacu babayeho ikomoka. Ni ukuvuga:

• Kumva ushaka kurya ushonje no kunywa amazi unyotewe.
• Gutuma umuntu akenera kubyara ubwoko bwe bwite.
• Icyifuzo cyo kwita no kurinda abana bato n'impinja.
• Iyo tubonye ikintu mu bidukikije, urugero nk'akaga, duhita dusabwa kurwana cyangwa guhunga (kurwana cyangwa guhunga).

Sisitemu y'ingufu ifite inshingano nyinshi. Urugero, idufasha gucunga ibyo twibuka, kubyigiraho, no gukomeza kugira ishyaka.

Kuki sisitemu y'imitsi yitwa kandi "sisitemu y'imitsi y'amarangamutima"?

Kubera iyi sano ikomeye iri hagati y'imibereho myiza yacu y'umubiri n'iy'ubwenge, sisitemu y'imitsi rimwe na rimwe yitwa " sisitemu y'imitsi y'amarangamutima."

Tekereza muri ubu buryo. Iyo ushonje, uba ushaka kurya, si byo se? Iyo uriye ibiryo ukunda, wumva wishimye cyane kandi unyuzwe, si byo se? Sisitemu y'amaboko niyo igufasha kumva ibyo byishimo. Ikindi kintu, iyo ugize stress nyinshi mu buryo butunguranye, wenda bitewe n'ikizamini cyangwa ikibazo ku kazi, umutima wawe utera cyane, umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe ukazamuka , si byo se? Muri icyo gihe, sisitemu y'amaboko, igenzura amarangamutima yacu, nayo irakora. Ni ukuvuga ko ibiri mu bitekerezo byacu bigira ingaruka ku mubiri, kandi ibiri mu mubiri bigira ingaruka ku bwenge. Sisitemu y'amaboko ikora nk'ikiraro gihuza ibi byombi.

Ni iyihe sano iri hagati y'urwego rw'imitsi n'imikorere yo mu mutwe yo hejuru?

Ese uzi icyo "imikorere yo mu mutwe yo hejuru" ari cyo? Bivuze ko dukeneye ibice byinshi by'ubwonko kugira ngo dufatanye kugira ngo dukore akazi katoroshye. Urugero, iyo tuvuga, iyo twibuka ikintu runaka, iyo tugenzura amarangamutima yacu, iyo duteganya ahazaza, iyo dufata ibyemezo, iyi mikorere yo mu mutwe yo hejuru irakenewe. Rero, ni ukubera ko ibice by'urwego rw'imyanya y'ubwonko bikorana n'ibindi bice by'ubwonko ari byo bituma dushobora gukora ibi bintu buri munsi.

None se, ni iyihe mirimo y'ingenzi ya sisitemu y'ingufu (limbic system)?

Reka turebe bimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi sisitemu y'imitsi ikora:

• Kumenya, gutunganya no gucunga amarangamutima yacu (urugero: ibyishimo, agahinda, ubwoba, umujinya)
• Kugenzura imyitwarire yacu.
• Kudushishikariza gukora ikintu runaka.
• Kwibuka ibintu bishya (urwibutso) no kubika ibintu bishaje.
• Gufasha sisitemu y'imitsi yigenga, igenzura imikorere y'umubiri wacu. Ibi birimo ibintu nk'umuvuduko w'umutima wacu, umuvuduko w'amaraso, n'ubushyuhe bw'umubiri .

Ni iki mu by'ukuri sisitemu y'ubuhumekero igenzura?

Ubu tuzi ko sisitemu y'amaboko igira uruhare runini mu kugenzura amarangamutima n'imyitwarire yacu, sibyo? Ibi ibikora ishingiye ku makuru aturuka mu bidukikije. Ni ukuvuga ko sisitemu y'amaboko ifata amakuru, ikayasesengura, ikayigiraho, hanyuma igasubiza. Ibi bidufasha kugenzura ibi bikurikira:

• Uko twitwara mu buryo bw'amarangamutima mu bihe bimwe na bimwe cyangwa ibintu ibyumviro byacu bibona. (Urugero, kugira ubwoba iyo twumvise urusaku rwinshi mu buryo butunguranye)
• Kumva ushonje kandi ufite inyota .
• Kumva ububabare n'ibisubizo by'ibyishimo .
• Gushyukwa kw'imibonano mpuzabitsina .

Ni hehe sisitemu y'ubuhumekero iherereye mu bwonko bwacu?

Sisitemu y'ubugi bw'ijisho iherereye mu bwonko bwacu. Imeze nk'ikiganza kiri hagati mu bwonko bwacu. Iherereye ku mupaka uri hagati y'ubwonko bwacu n'agace k'ubwonko (urwego rwo hanze rw'ubwonko). Ijambo "limbic" rikomoka ku ijambo ry'ikilatini risobanura "umupaka."

Ni ibihe bice bine by'ingenzi bya sisitemu y'ingufu kandi ni iyihe mirimo yabyo?

Hariho imiterere ine y'ingenzi, cyangwa ibice, bya sisitemu y'ingufu, buri kimwe gifite imirimo yihariye:

1. Hypothalamus: Iki ni igice gito cyane ariko ni ingenzi cyane. Ni cyo gitanga imisemburo mu mubiri wacu.Bifasha mu gukora imisemburo, kugenzura ibitotsi byacu, no gucunga ibintu byinshi nko mu byiyumvo byacu, inzara, inyota, ubushake bw'imibonano mpuzabitsina, umuvuduko w'amaraso, ubushyuhe bw'umubiri, n'umuvuduko w'umutima.

2. Amygdala: Aha ni nk'aho duhurira n'amarangamutima. Niho tubona kandi tukabona amarangamutima nk'imihangayiko, uburakari, n'ubwoba. Bifasha kandi kwibuka no kumenya amakuru yerekeye abandi bantu (amakuru yerekeye abandi bantu). Iyi ni yo mpamvu dushobora kumva tudasanzwe iyo umuntu aturebye.

3. Thalamus: Thalamus ni nk'ahantu ho guhamagara amakuru yinjira mu bwonko bwacu. Amakuru aturuka mu byumviro byacu (kumva, gusogongera, kubona, gukoraho - usibye impumuro) abanza kujya hano. Thalamus hanyuma yohereza ayo makuru mu bice by'ubwonko bireba. Igira uruhare kandi mu kwibuka, gutegura, no mu marangamutima.

4. Hippocampus: Akamaro k'ingenzi ka hippocampus ni ugukora urwibutso rushya. Iki gice ni cyo kidufasha kwibuka iyo twize ikintu gishya cyangwa tugiye ahantu hashya. Iyo hippocampus idakora neza, biragoye cyane kwibuka ibintu bishya.

Ni gute sisitemu y'imyanya y'umubiri ifitanye isano n'uburyo bwacu bwo guhumurirwa?

Impumuro yacu iboneka mu itara ry'impumuro, riri hejuru y'izuru ryacu. Mu by'ukuri ibi si igice cy'imikorere y'amaboko ubwayo. Ariko, bitandukanye n'ibimenyetso biva mu bindi bice by'umubiri, ibimenyetso bifitanye isano n'impumuro bifitanye isano itaziguye n'ibice bimwe na bimwe by'imikorere y'amaboko. Niyo mpamvu iyo twumvishe impumuro runaka, twibuka ibintu bya kera mu buryo butunguranye, cyangwa tukagira amarangamutima amwe (nk'ibyishimo cyangwa agahinda). Tekereza, iyo twumvishije impumuro nziza yakoreshejwe n'inshuti ya kera, duhita dutekereza kuri iyo nshuti, si byo se? Ibyo ni ukubera iyi sano.

Ni izihe ndwara zikunze kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'umubiri (limbic system)?

Indwara nyinshi zigira ingaruka ku buzima bwo mu mutwe no kwibuka kwacu zifitanye isano n'imikorere y'ingingo. Dore zimwe mu ndwara zikunze kugaragara:

• Indwara ya Alzheimer: Ibi bitera gutakaza kwibuka, ahanini bitewe no kwangirika kwa hippocampus.
• Indwara zo guhangayika: Izi ndwara, zitera ubwoba bukabije no kubura amahoro, zifitanye isano n'imikorere ya amygdala.
• Ihungabana: Ihungabana, rirangwa no kugira agahinda kenshi no kubura inyungu mu kintu icyo ari cyo cyose, naryo riterwa n'imikorere mibi y'ingingo z'umubiri.
• Indwara yo guhangayika nyuma y’ihungabana (PTSD): Iyi ndwara, ibaho nyuma y’ikintu giteye ihungabana, inafitanye isano n’imikorere y’ingingo.
Schizophrenia : Iyi ndwara yo mu mutwe ikomeye itera ingorane zo kumenya ukuri nayo iterwa n'impinduka mu mikorere y'ingingo.
• Umuhangayiko:Guhangayika igihe kirekire bishobora kugira ingaruka mbi ku mikorere y'urwego rw'imitsi.
• Indwara zo gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge (SUD): Ibiyobyabwenge bishobora kuba imbata kuko bitera "ibyishimo" inzira z'umubiri.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'iyi ndwara?

Iyo igice icyo ari cyo cyose cy'urwego rw'imitsi kigize ikibazo, ibimenyetso nka:

• Guhinduka kw'amarangamutima: Kurakara kenshi, kurakara cyane, kumva ubwoba n'agahinda kenshi.
• Gutakaza kwibuka: Kugorwa no kwibuka ibintu bishya no kwibagirwa ibya kera.
• Indwara zo gusinzira: Nta kibazo gusinzira cyane, nta kibazo na kimwe cyo kudasinzira.
• Impinduka mu myitwarire: Kugaragaza imiterere idasanzwe y'imyitwarire itari ihari mbere.

Ni gute wagenzura ubuzima bw'urwego rw'imitsi?

Niba ufite ibi bimenyetso, bwira muganga wawe maze azagusuzuma. Ibizamini nk'ibi bishobora gukorwa kugira ngo byemezwe ko ufite indwara:

• Isuzuma ry'imitsi: Ibi bipima imikorere y'imitsi yawe.
• Isuzuma ry’imitsi n’ubwonko: Ibi bipima imikorere y’ubwonko bwawe nko kwibuka, kwita ku bintu, n’ubushobozi bwo kuvuga.
• Isuzumabumenyi ry'imitekerereze: Isuzuma ry'uko imitekerereze yawe imeze.
• MRI scan (imaging magnetic resonance): Ibi bifotora neza ubwonko kugira ngo harebwe impinduka zose mu miterere y'ubwonko.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura ibibazo by'imitsi y'umubiri?

Uburyo bwo kuvura buratandukanye bitewe n'indwara, ariko muri rusange bushobora kuba burimo:

• Gufata imiti: Imiti ifasha mu kugenzura ibimenyetso.
• Jya mu bujyanama cyangwa ubuvuzi: Vugana n'umuganga w'indwara zo mu mutwe cyangwa umujyanama kugira ngo ukemure ibibazo.
• Uburyo bwo kuruhuka: Ibintu nko gukora yoga no gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri yo guhumeka cyane.
• Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe bikomeye, hari n'uburyo bwihariye bwo kuvura nko gukangura ubwonko (DBS) .

Ni gute nakora kugira ngo sisitemu yanjye y'amaboko ikomeze kugira ubuzima bwiza?

Nkuko twabivuze mbere, sisitemu y'amaboko ni nk'ikiraro gihuza ubuzima bwacu bw'umubiri n'ubwo mu mutwe. Rero, kugira ngo ikomeze kuba myiza, dore bimwe mu bintu ushobora gukora:

• Kurya indyo yuzuye kandi ifite intungamubiri .
• Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe.
• Marana umwanya n'abantu ukunda .
• Kora ibikorwa ukunda .
• Irinde gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge cyangwa ibindi bintu byangiza .
• Fata ikiruhuko mu gihe wumva ufite stress cyangwa uremerewe.
• Niba hari indi ndwara isanzwe, vurwa neza .
• Niba bibaye ngombwa, ntutinye gusaba inama ku muganga w’indwara zo mu mutwe .

Wibuke ko imibereho myiza yo mu mutwe wawe ari ingenzi kimwe n'imibereho myiza y'umubiri wawe!

Ni izihe mpaka zishingiye ku mikorere y'umubiri (limbic system)?

Hari ukutumvikana hagati y’abahanga mu bya siyansi ku bijyanye n’imikorere y’umubiri. Abashakashatsi bamwe bavuga ko uretse ibice bine by’ingenzi twavuzeho, hari n’ibindi bice biri mu myanya y’umubiri. Urugero:

• Ganglia y'ibanze: Ibi ni nk'"ikigo cyacu cyo gutunganya ibihembo." Bigira uruhare mu marangamutima, ingendo, no kwiga.
• Girute gyrus: Ni ingenzi ku myitwarire y'amarangamutima n'imibanire.
• Insula cortex: Ni ingenzi ku byiyumvo by'imbere mu mubiri wacu (urugero, gutera cyane k'umutima iyo dufite ubwoba).
• Orbitofrontal cortex: Ikigo cy'ingororano gifitanye isano n'ibikorwa kandi kikagena niba ibyo bikorwa bikwiye cyangwa bidakwiye.
• Entorhinal cortex: Igira uruhare mu kurema kwibuka.

Nta mpurirane ihari ku bijyanye niba ibi bice bihuye n'ibisobanuro by'ubu bya "limbic system".

Hari kandi impaka ku bijyanye no kumenya niba izina "limbic system" risobanura neza imikorere yose y'ibice by'umubiri. Abaganga n'abahanga bamwe na bamwe ubu bahitamo gukoresha iri jambo gake, bahitamo gukoresha amazina ya buri gice cy'ubwonko ukwacyo.

Amaherezo, ikintu cy'ingenzi kurusha ibindi

Ariko, sisitemu y'amaboko ni sisitemu itangaje igira uruhare runini mu mibiri yacu, ihuza amarangamutima yacu, kwibuka, n'imyitwarire. Abashakashatsi baracyari kwiga byinshi ku sisitemu y'amaboko n'uko ikora imbere mu bwonko. Niba ufite ikibazo kuri iki gice cy'ubwonko cyangwa uburyo bwo kububungabunga, vugana na muganga kugira ngo umenye byinshi. Kuko ubwonko bwacu bugoye cyane kandi butangaje!

Uturemangingo tw'imitsi, imikorere y'ubwonko, amarangamutima, kwibuka, ubuzima bwo mu mutwe, uturemangingo tw'imitsi, amarangamutima