Ese hari igihe wibagirwa ibintu? Ese uhita wibagirwa uburyo bwo gukora resept isanzwe? Cyangwa wibagirwa kwishyura fagitire za buri kwezi? Ese uhindura inzira utwaye imodoka mu muhanda usanzwe uzi? Ibi bintu nibibaho kuri wowe cyangwa uwo ukunda, bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cya mbere cy'indwara ya Alzheimer . Ariko ntugahangayike. Kwibagirwa byose si indwara ya Alzheimer. Reka tubiganireho birambuye.
Ese koko iyi ni indwara ya Alzheimer? Cyangwa ni ukwibagirwa bisanzwe?
Ikintu cya mbere ugomba gusobanukirwa ni uko indwara ya Alzheimer atari ikintu gisanzwe mu gusaza gusa . Ni indwara igira ingaruka ku bwonko. Hari igihe kwibagirwa aho waparitse imodoka yawe cyangwa kutibuka izina ry'inshuti yawe mu buryo butunguranye ni ibisanzwe. Ariko muri Alzheimer, iyi ndwara yo kwibagirwa ni mbi cyane.
Tekereza, iyo urimo kuvugana n'umuntu uvugana na we buri munsi, usubiramo ikintu kimwe inshuro nyinshi. Cyangwa wibagirwa ijambo ryoroshye cyane ugakoresha ijambo ritari ryo. Uhita ugira ikibazo cyo kwibuka isaha cyangwa aho uri. Ibi ni ibimenyetso bisanzwe by'indwara ya Alzheimer yo mu ntangiriro.
Ariko ibuka ko ibi bimenyetso bishobora guterwa n'izindi ndwara. Urugero:
- Ihungabana
- Kubura Vitamine (cyane cyane Vitamine B12 )
- Ibibazo bya tiroyide
- Imwe mu miti ufata ntishobora guhuza.
- Kubura umwuka wo gusinzira
Kubwibyo, niba wowe cyangwa undi muntu uzi afite ibibazo byo kwibuka nk'ibi, ni byiza kujya kwa muganga wujuje ibisabwa ukajya kwisuzumisha nta kwihutira gufata umwanzuro wenyine.
Kuki ukeneye kubonana na muganga vuba?
Biragoye kumenya ko ufite iyi ndwara, ariko hari inyungu nini yo kuyimenya hakiri kare.
1. Biguha umwanya wo gutegura ahazaza: Kumenya indwara mbere y'igihe bigufasha kuganira no guteganya n'abagize umuryango wawe ku bijyanye n'ubuvuzi bw'ejo hazaza, ibijyanye n'amategeko, n'iby'imari.
2. Ubuvuzi bushobora gutangira hakiri kare: Nubwo indwara ya Alzheimer idashobora gukira burundu, hari imiti ishobora gufasha mu kugenzura ibimenyetso. Iyi miti ishobora kugira akamaro kurushaho iyo itangiye hakiri kare.
3. Ushobora kwinjira mu matsinda y'ubufasha:Uyu ni umwanya mwiza wo gusangira ubunararibonye no guhumurizwa n'abandi bahanganye n'iki kibazo nkawe.
4. Ushobora kwitabira igeragezwa ry’ubuvuzi: Ushobora kandi kugira amahirwe yo kwitabira ubushakashatsi bupima uburyo bushya bwo kuvura.
Kugira ngo ibi byose bikorwe, ugomba kubanza gusuzuma neza indwara. Niyo mpamvu ukeneye ubufasha bwa muganga.
Ni gute muganga asuzuma iyi ndwara?
Nta kizamini na kimwe gishobora kukwereka niba urwaye indwara ya Alzheimer. Niyo mpamvu muganga wawe azakoresha uburyo butandukanye kugira ngo agupime neza. Intego nyamukuru ni ukureba niba ufite beta-amyloid plaques, poroteyine ifite umwihariko wa Alzheimer. Isuzuma ryawe rishobora kuba rikubiyemo kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bizamini.
- Kubaza amateka yawe y'ubuvuzi
- Isuzuma ry'uko umuntu ameze mu mutwe
- Ibizamini by'umubiri
- Ibizamini by'imitsi
- Gupima amaraso
- Gusuzuma ubwonko n'amazi yo mu ruti rw'umugongo (CSF)
- Gufata amashusho y'ubwonko
Ibintu ugomba kwibaza ku mateka yawe y'ubuvuzi
Muganga azabaza wowe n'umwe mu bagize umuryango wawe ibi bikurikira:
- Ibimenyetso ni ibihe? (urugero: kwibagirwa, kuvuga nabi)
- Ibi byatangiye ryari?
- Ibi bigira ingaruka zite ku kazi ka buri munsi?
- Hari umuntu mu muryango ufite iyi ndwara?
- Ni iyihe miti urimo gufata ubu?
- Ni izihe ndwara zindi ufite?
- Imitekerereze yawe imeze ite? (Kugira ngo wige ku ndwara nk'ihungabana)
Ni ingenzi cyane gusubiza ibi bibazo neza kandi mu buryo buboneye uko bishoboka kose.
Ni iki gisuzumwa mu gihe cyo gupimwa umubiri?
Aha, muganga azagusuzuma muri rusange.
- Kugenzura umuvuduko w'amaraso, ubushyuhe, n'imitsi itera
- Gutega amatwi umutima n'ibihaha
- Gufata ibizamini by'amaraso cyangwa inkari kugira ngo harebwe izindi ndwara
Ibi bizamini bishobora gukuraho izindi ndwara (urugero: kubura vitamine, ibibazo bya tiroyide) zitera ibimenyetso bisa n'ibya Alzheimer.
Isuzuma ry'imitsi
Iki kizamini kireba imikorere y'ubwonko bwawe n'imitsi. Kishobora kugufasha kumenya niba kwibuka kwawe kwagizweho ingaruka n'izindi ndwara, nka stroke, Parkinson, cyangwa ikibyimba cyo mu bwonko, kitari Alzheimer. Kigenzura:
- Reflexes
- Kuringaniza umubiri no guhuza ibikorwa byawo
- Imbaraga n'imiterere y'imitsi
- Imvugo
- Ingendo z'amaso
Ibizamini byo mu mutwe no mu myitwarire
Ibi ni igice cy'ingenzi cyane mu gusuzuma indwara. Ibi bizamini bipima ubushobozi butandukanye bw'ubwonko bwawe.
- Kwibuka
- Ubuhanga mu gukemura ibibazo
- Igihe cyo kwita ku bintu
- Ubumenyi bwo kubara
- Ubuhanga mu igenamigambi
Muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba gufata mu mutwe urutonde rw'amagambo, gukora imibare yoroshye, cyangwa gukurikiza amabwiriza atandukanye. Ibi bishobora kuba bikubiyemo gukoresha ibibazo bisanzwe nka Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) cyangwa Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA).
Ishusho y'ubwonko
Izi scan zifasha kureba imbere mu bwonko. Zikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gusuzuma izindi mpamvu zitari indwara ya Alzheimer (nk'ikibyimba cyo mu bwonko cyangwa ibimenyetso by'indwara yo mu bwonko). Ariko, zimwe muri scan zishobora no kugaragaza impinduka zijyanye n'indwara ya Alzheimer.
| Ubwoko bwa scan | Mu magambo make, |
|---|---|
| Gupima CT (Isuzuma rya mudasobwa) | Gufata amashusho y'ubwonko hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rya X-ray. Ibi bifasha kureba niba ibice bimwe na bimwe by'ubwonko byaragabanutse mu byiciro bya nyuma by'indwara. |
| Isuzuma rya MRI (Ishusho ya Magnetic Resonance) | Gukoresha imbaraga zikomeye za rukuruzi kugira ngo ufate amashusho asobanutse neza kandi arambuye y'ubwonko, ni byiza cyane mu kumenya impinduka zo mu bwonko zijyanye na Alzheimer's. |
| Gupima PET (Positron Emission Tomography) | Iki ni ikizamini kigezweho kurushaho. Gishobora kubona neza poroteyine zitwa amyloid na tau mu bwonko. Ariko, kirahenze kandi gikunze gukoreshwa cyane mu bushakashatsi. |
Ibindi bizamini byihariye n'ibizamini byo mu rugo
Muri iki gihe, ikizamini cy'amaraso gishobora gukoreshwa mu gusuzuma urugero rwa poroteyine ya amyloid kugira ngo hamenyekane indwara ya Alzheimer. Nanone, gupfunyika mu ruti rw'umugongo , ari na cyo kizamini gifata amazi mu mugongo , gishobora kugenzura urugero rwa poroteyine ya amyloid na tau mu mazi akikije ubwonko (cerebrospinal fluid - CSF). Ibi bishobora gufasha kumenya indwara hakiri kare cyane.
Ese koko ibizamini byo mu rugo bifite akamaro?
Hari ibizamini bitandukanye kuri interineti bivuga ko "bisuzuma indwara ya Alzheimer uri mu rugo." Urugero ni SAGE (Self-Administered Gerocognitive Exam). Igusaba gukora ibintu byoroshye nko kwandika amazina y'inyamaswa 12 no gushushanya isura y'isaha.
Ariko hari ikintu gikomeye kirimo kwitonderwa. Ibi bizamini ntabwo ari ukuri 100%. Hari igihe bishobora gutanga ibisubizo bitari byo, bikavuga "oya" ku muntu urwaye iyo ndwara, naho "yego" ku muntu utayirwaye.
Gupimisha mu rugo nk'iki bishobora kuba uburyo bwiza bwo kwemeza ibyo ukeka cyangwa gutangira kuvugana na muganga wawe. Ariko, gupimisha mu rugo byonyine ntibishobora kugaragaza niba ufite indwara ya Alzheimer. Nta gushidikanya ko ugomba kujya kwa muganga kugira ngo agusuzume neza kandi aguhe umuti.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Kwibagirwa byose si indwara ya Alzheimer, ariko niba ufite ibibazo byo kwibuka bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi, ntukabirengagize.
- Niba wowe cyangwa umuntu wo mu muryango wawe afite ibi bimenyetso, ntugatinye kubonana na muganga wujuje ibisabwa.
- Gutahura indwara hakiri kare bituma umuntu ategura ahazaza no gutangira kuvurwa hakiri kare, ibyo bikaba bigenzura ibimenyetso.
- Indwara ya Alzheimer ntipimwa hakoreshejwe ikizamini kimwe, ahubwo ipimwa hakoreshejwe uburyo butandukanye, harimo amateka y’ubuzima, isuzuma ry’umubiri, ibizamini byo kwibuka, na scan.
- Ntukishingikirize gusa ku bipimo byo kuri interineti cyangwa mu rugo. Buri gihe banza uganire na muganga wawe kugira ngo agufashe gusuzuma neza.
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