Ese wigeze ubona utudomo dutandukanye tugaragara ku ruhu rwawe? Nubwo utundi uvukana, utundi tugenda tumera uko igihe kigenda gihita. Utwo duto dukunze kumenyekana nka "moles" , mu buvuzi bwitwa "nevi" . Kubera ko hari byinshi bitazwi neza, ni ibisanzwe kumva uhangayitse. Muri Nirogi Lanka, turashaka kugufasha gusobanukirwa utu dudomo n'uburyo bwo kutwitegereza kugira ngo ugire ubuzima bwiza.
Imbeba ni iki, kandi zisa gute?
Mu magambo make, uduheri ni ibimera ku ruhu rwawe. Bishobora kujyana n'uruhu rwawe rusanzwe cyangwa bikagaragara nk'uduce tw'umukara cyangwa umukara. Uduheri dushobora kugaragara ukwatwo cyangwa mu matsinda, kandi dushobora kumera ahantu hose ku mubiri wawe, harimo n'uduheri nk'umunwa cyangwa amaso yawe.
Imbeba zikunze kugaragara mu bwana , inyinshi muri zo zikura ku myaka 20. Ni ibisanzwe ko umuntu mukuru agira hagati y’imbeba 10 na 40.
Imbeba isanzwe ikunze kumara imyaka igera kuri 50. Uko igihe kigenda gihita, utu duce turahinduka; tumwe dushobora kwiyongera cyangwa tukarushaho kuba twijimye, ndetse ushobora no kubona umusatsi umera uturutse kuri two. Nubwo tumwe dukomeza kuba twijimye, tumwe dushobora gucika buhoro buhoro.
Ese hari ubwoko butandukanye bw'uduheri?
Yego, hari ibyiciro byinshi bitandukanye. Reka turebe ubwoko bw'ibanze:
Nevi isanzwe
Utu ni two dukoko tw’uruhu tugaragara cyane kandi tudateye ikibazo . Akenshi tugaragara nk’umutuku w’umutuku, ibara ry’umukara cyangwa ibara ry’umukara wijimye, dufite impande zigaragara neza.
Nevi yo mu nda
Utu dukoko tubaho igihe umuntu avutse . Tuboneka ku muntu umwe muri 100, utu dukoko dufite ibyago byinshi byo kwandura melanoma (ubwoko bwa kanseri y'uruhu) ugereranije n'udukoko dusanzwe. Iyo udukoko twavutsemo dufite uburemere burenze milimetero 8, bisaba gukurikiranwa na muganga cyane.
Dysplastic Nevi
Izi ni imbeba zidasa neza akenshi ziba nini kurusha agakoresho ko gukaraba. Imbeba zidasa neza akenshi zigira amabara adasa neza—imbere h’umukara wijimye hamwe n’impande zoroheje kandi zidasa neza. Akenshi ziba ari iz’uruhererekane, bivuze ko zikunda kugaragara mu miryango. Abantu bafite izi mbeba bashobora kuba bafite ibirenga 100 ku mubiri wabo. Niba ufite imbeba zidasa neza, uba uri mu kaga ko kurwara melanoma . Ni ngombwa ko impinduka zose muri izi mbeba zisuzumwa na muganga w’uruhu.
Imbeba zikunze kugaragara he, kandi zikunze kugaragara he?
Imisemburo ikunze kugaragara cyane , aho abantu benshi bagira hagati ya 10 na 40. Ikunze kugaragara ahantu hari izuba ryinshi aho imirasire ya ultraviolet (UV) ituruka ku zuba iba ikomeye cyane. Ushobora kuba warabonye ko imisemburo myinshi igaragara nyuma yo kwirukanwa ku zuba kenshi.
Ibibazo bikunze kubazwa ku bijyanye n'uduheri
- Ese imbeba zandura?
Oya, imbeba ntizanduzanya .
- Ese imbeba zirababaza?
Mubisanzwe, oya. Ariko, niba ubabara cyangwa ubabara mu kibuno, ugomba kugisha inama umuganga w'uruhu.
- Ese imbeba ziraryana?
Iyo ikibyimba kitangiye kubyimba , icyo ni ikimenyetso cy'umuburo gisaba isuzumabumenyi ry'abaganga.
- Ese ni ibisanzwe ko imbeba iva amaraso?
Oya, niba imbeba irimo kuva amaraso , ugomba guhita ushakisha inama kwa muganga.
Ese 'ibisebe by'ibara' ni kimwe n'ibisebe?
Ibisebe by’uruhu ni ijambo rusange rikoreshwa mu buvuzi rigizwe n’ibisebe bisanzwe, uduheri tw’izuba, n’uduheri tw’imyaka (lentigines). Nubwo byinshi muri byo ari bibi, niba ufite uduheri twinshi cyangwa uduheri dufite imiterere idasanzwe , gusuzumwa uruhu buri gihe na muganga w’uruhu ni ingenzi. Ibi bituma haboneka impinduka ziteye amakenga hakiri kare. Iyo habayeho ikibazo, muganga ashobora gukora biopsy y’uruhu.—gukuraho icyitegererezo gito kugira ngo gisuzumwe na mikorosikopi—kugira ngo hamenyekane niba igisebe ari kibi cyangwa niba ari melanoma cyangwa ubundi bwoko bwa kanseri y'uruhu.
Bite ho niba numvise imbeba nshya nyuma y'imyaka 30?
Niba ufite imyaka irenga 30 ukabona ikibyimba gishya, ugomba kugikurikiranira hafi . Nubwo akenshi ntacyo bitwaye, ugomba guhora ukigenzurwa na muganga wawe.
Kuki turwara uduheri? (Impamvu)
Imisokoro ikura iyo uturemangingo tw’uruhu twitwa melanocytes dukura mu itsinda rimwe. Utwo turemangingo ni two dukora melanin, ibara riha uruhu rwawe ibara ryarwo. Iyo twishyize hamwe, dukora imisokoro.
Ni ibihe bintu bishobora gutera kwiyongera kw'uduheri?
Impamvu nyamukuru ni ukwibasirwa n'izuba cyane .
Kuki imbeba zihinduka umukara?
Imisokoro ishobora kwijima bitewe no kwibasirwa n'izuba, ubugimbi, cyangwa gutwita. Mu gihe cyo gutwita, impinduka mu misemburo zishobora gutera impinduka zimwe mu bunini cyangwa ibara. Ariko, iyo imisokoro ihindutse mu buryo butunguranye cyangwa ku ruhande rumwe gusa , igomba gusuzumwa na muganga w'uruhu.
Kuki ngomba gukurikiranira hafi ibisebe byanjye?
Uruhu rwawe ni rwo rugingo runini mu mubiri wawe. Ni kimwe mu bintu bike ushobora kwisuzuma ubwawe. Kugira gahunda yo kwita ku buzima bw'uruhu ni ingenzi cyane cyane iyo:
- Ufite uruhu rwiza cyane .
- Ufite imbeba nyinshi .
- Ufite amateka yo mu muryango wawe ku ndwara nyinshi zo mu bwoko bwa "fetus", "nevi" idasanzwe, cyangwa kanseri y'uruhu .
Uretse kugabanya kwisiga izuba no kwisiga amavuta akingira izuba buri munsi, kugenzura ibiheri byawe buri gihe byongera amahirwe yo kumenyekana hakiri kare no kuvura kanseri y'uruhu neza .
Abaganga b'uruhu bakugira inama yo kwisuzuma nibura rimwe mu kwezi . Nubwo imbeba nyinshi zitari kanseri, niba ubonye impinduka mu ibara, imiterere, cyangwa imiterere, gana muganga. Byongeye kandi, menyesha umuganga wawe vuba utinze kuva amaraso, kuva amaraso, uburyaryate, gukubitwa, cyangwa ububabare. Niba ufite ikibazo cyihutirwa, nyamuneka hamagara 911 cyangwa serivisi zihutirwa zo mu gace utuyemo.
Ni iki nkwiye kureba mu gihe nsuzuma ibisebe byanjye? (Uburyo bwa ABCDE)
Imbeba nyinshi nta kibazo zifite. Ariko, mu buvuzi, ugomba kwita ku mbeba zisa n'izindi mbeba zawe (zizwi nka "ikimenyetso kibi cy'imbwa") hamwe n'imbeba nshya zigaragara nyuma y'imyaka 30. Niba ubonye impinduka mu ibara, ubunini, ingano, cyangwa imiterere y'imbeba, ugomba kureba muganga w'uruhu. Nanone, menya neza imbeba ziva amaraso, zigashya, zigashya, zigahinduka ibibyimba, cyangwa zigatera ububabare.
Suzuma uruhu rwawe ukoresheje indorerwamo cyangwa usabe umuntu ubufasha. Witondere cyane ahantu hakunze kugaragara urumuri rw'izuba, nko mu maso hawe, mu maboko, mu maguru (cyane cyane ku bagore), no mu gituza no mu mugongo (cyane cyane ku bagabo).
Ibipimo bya ABCDE bikurikira ni ibimenyetso by'ingenzi bigaragaza ko imbeba ishobora kuba kanseri. Niba imbeba yawe igaragaza kimwe muri ibi, hita ubonana na muganga w'uruhu :
- A – Kudahuza: Iyo igice kimwe cy'umura wawe kidahuye n'ikindi. Iyo ugigabanyijemo kabiri, impande zombi zisa n'izitandukanye.
- B – Umupaka: Niba impande cyangwa imipaka y'agahu k'imfu itagaragara neza, idasobanutse neza, cyangwa idasobanutse neza.
- C – Ibara: Iyo ibara ritameze neza kandi rigaragaza uruvange rw'amabara (nk'umukara woroshye, umukara wijimye, umukara, ubururu, umweru, cyangwa umutuku).
- D – Ingano: Niba umurambararo w'agahu kari hejuru y'agacupa k'ikaramu (hafi mm 6).
- E – Ubuzamuke / Ihindagurika:Iyo imbeba yari isanzwe iringaniye hanyuma ikazamuka mu buryo butunguranye, cyangwa niba isura, ingano, cyangwa imiterere y'imbeba ihinduka vuba mu gihe gito.
Ku bagabo, melanoma ikunze kugaragara cyane mu mugongo. Ku bagore, ikunze kugaragara ku maguru yo hasi. Melanoma ni imwe muri kanseri zikunze kugaragara ku bagore bari hagati y’imyaka 25 na 29, bityo bikaba ari ngombwa gukomeza kuba maso.
Ni iki umuganga w'uruhu akora iyo akeka ko imbeba ifite ikibazo?
Ibisebe bisanzwe kandi bidahumanya ntibikenewe gukurwaho (kuko gukurwaho bishobora gusiga inkovu).
Niba umuganga w'uruhu ashidikanya ku ibara ry'umusemburo, azagukorera biopsy y'uruhu . Ibi bisaba gufata icyitegererezo gito cy'umusemburo kugira ngo gisuzumwe hifashishijwe mikorosikopi. Ubusanzwe isuzuma rishobora gukorwa mu cyumweru kimwe. Iyo byemejwe ko umusemburo ari kanseri, ugomba gukurwaho burundu .
Niba wumva ikibyimba kirimo guhinduka cyangwa ukabona ibimenyetso bikekwaho, nyamuneka gisha inama umuganga w'uruhu kugira ngo agusuzumishe.
Ese imbeba zigomba gukurwaho? Zikurwaho zite?
Imbeba isanzwe ntabwo ari ngombwa kuyikuraho. Iyo uhisemo kuyikuraho kubera impamvu z'ubwiza, ishobora gusiga inkovu.
Ntukigere ugerageza gukuraho imbeba ubwawe. Hari abantu bagerageza gukuraho imbeba cyangwa uduheri bakoresheje amavuta yo kwisiga, ibintu byangiza, ibikoresho byo gukonjesha, cyangwa uburyo bwo gukora isuku hakoreshejwe laser. Kubikora ntabwo ari ibyago gusa byo kwandura, ahubwo ushobora no kubura amahirwe yo kwandura kanseri y'uruhu nka melanoma, ishobora gutera ingorane zikomeye . Iyo kanseri y'uruhu itamenyekanye hakiri kare, ishobora gukwirakwira no mu zindi ngingo z'umubiri. Kumenya imbeba idasanzwe ni intambwe ya mbere yo kuyirinda. Kubwibyo, inama z'abaganga ni ngombwa .
Ese nshobora kuvura imbeba mu rugo?
Abaganga bakugira inama ikomeye yo kudakoresha imiti yo mu rugo ku ndwara z'uduheri . Niba ufite impungenge, nyamuneka vugana n'umuganga w'uruhu.
Ni izihe ngorane zishobora guterwa n'uduheri?
Ingorane ikomeye cyane ni uko hari imbeba zishobora kuvamo melanoma , ubwoko bwa kanseri y'uruhu.
Ese imbeba zishobora kwirindwa? Narinda uruhu rwanjye nte?
Imfuruka ni ingirabuzimafatizo z’uruhu karemano, bityo ntizishobora kwirindwa burundu . Ariko, ushobora kwihutira kwirinda kanseri y’uruhu (cyangwa kuyimenya hakiri kare). Dore uko bigenda:
- Gabanya igihe uhura n'izuba ryinshi. Witondere cyane cyane mu masaha y'ubushyuhe buri hagati ya saa yine za mu gitondo na saa yine z'umugoroba.
- Koresha amavuta akingira izuba buri munsi (nibura SPF 30).
- Suzuma ibisebe byawe byibuze rimwe mu kwezi kugira ngo urebe ko nta kibazo kirimo .
Iyi mikorere ni ingenzi ku buzima bwawe, cyane cyane niba ufite uruhu rwiza, uduheri twinshi, cyangwa se ufite amateka ya kanseri y'uruhu mu muryango wawe.
Ni gute nakwisuzuma uruhu rwanjye?
Kora isuzuma ry'uruhu rwawe buri kwezi. Igihe cyiza ni nyuma yo kwiyuhagira mu gihe uruhu rwawe rukiri rutose.
- Niba bishoboka, koresha indorerwamo ndende n'indorerwamo ifata mu ntoki kugira ngo ubone neza.
- Saba umuntu wo mu muryango wawe kugufasha kugenzura ahantu hagoye kubona nko mu mugongo wawe.
- Gerageza gukurikiza gahunda imwe buri kwezi kugira ngo utazabura ahantu na hamwe.
- Reba kuva ku mutwe kugeza ku birenge. Reba buri gice cy'umubiri wawe (imbere, inyuma, impande, ndetse n'inzara).
- Ntiwibagirwe ahantu "hihishe" : hagati y'intoki zawe, hagati y'amano yawe, agace k'ikibuno, mu birenge, no inyuma y'amavi.
- Suzuma neza umutwe wawe n'ijosi ryawe .
- Andika ibisebe biri ku mubiri wawe n'uko bibona. Niba bishoboka, fata ifoto iruhande rw'umurongo uriho itariki. Ibi bigufasha kubona niba ibisebe biri guhinduka.
- Nibaguhinduka mu buryo ubwo aribwo bwose (ibara, imiterere, ingano, imipaka) cyangwa niba ugize igisebe kitazakira, gana muganga w'uruhu . Ereka muganga ibisebe bishya bikureba.
Wibuke ko ugomba guhora ushidikanya ku gasimba gashya kagaragara nyuma y'imyaka 30. Nubwo udusimba twinshi nyuma y'imyaka 30 nta kibazo dufite kandi dufitanye isano n'imyaka, agasimba gashya ako ari ko kose gakwiye gusuzumwa na muganga. Bashobora kukagenzura no gukora biopsy y'uruhu nibiba ngombwa.
Uduheri dushobora kugaragara ahantu hose ku ruhu, ndetse no ku bice by'imitsi byoroshye nko mu kanwa, mu maso, cyangwa mu myanya ndangagitsina. Niba warigeze kugira amateka ya melanoma (cyangwa amateka akomeye y'umuryango), uretse gusuzumwa buri gihe n'abaganga b'uruhu, ni byiza ko utwo duce twihariye tugenzurwa buri mwaka na muganga w'amenyo, umuganga w'amaso (inzobere mu by'amaso), n'abaganga b'abagore .
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
Muri make, dore ingingo z'ingenzi ugomba kuzirikana:
- Imbeba zirakunze kugaragara cyane, kandi ku bantu benshi, nta kibazo zifite. Nyamuneka ntugahangayike, kuko abenshi muri bo ni abantu beza.
- Witondere cyane uduheri ku mubiri wawe. Wisuzume ubwawe nibura rimwe mu kwezi, cyangwa usabe umuntu wizeye kugufasha gusuzuma ahantu utabona.
- Wibuke ibipimo bya ABCDE twaganiriyeho. Shaka ibi bimenyetso mu bisebe byawe:
- Ingano (Ese igice kimwe cy'imfu gitandukanye n'ikindi?)
- Uburyo B (Ese impande ntizimeze neza, zirashaje, cyangwa zirajimye?)
- Ibara ry'umukara (Ese ibara ntiringana, rifite amabara y'umukara, umukara, cyangwa andi mabara?)
- Ijanisha rya D (Ese ni rinini kurusha agahanagura kari ku ikaramu?)
- Ihindagurika ry'umubiri (Ese ryarahindutse mu bunini, imiterere, cyangwa uburebure, cyangwa ryatangiye kuva amaraso?)
Ubonye kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso, nyamuneka hamagara muganga w’uruhu vuba.
- Witondere cyane imbeba nshya iyo ari yo yose igaragara nyuma y'imyaka 30.
- Ntukagerageze gukuraho ikibyimba mu rugo. Kubikora bishobora gutera kwandura bikomeye, inkovu, cyangwa se indwara zitaramenyekana neza.
- Rinda uruhu rwawe izuba. Koresha amavuta akingira izuba buri munsi kandi ugabanye igihe umara uri ku zuba ryinshi kandi rikaze.
Niba ufite ikibazo cyangwa impungenge nkeya ku bijyanye n'uduheri twawe, ntukabihishe —vugana n'umuganga. Iyo ni yo nzira nziza yo gufata muri Nirogi Lanka.
Amagambo ahinnye: Impundu, nevi, kanseri y'uruhu, melanoma, ubuvuzi bw'uruhu, uduheri tw'uruhu, ABCDE, nevus, ubuzima bw'uruhu
