Uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura indwara ukoresheje amaraso yawe bwite: Byose ku bijyanye na Plasmapheresis no guhinduranya plasma

Amaraso ari mu mubiri wacu ni ikintu cyiza cyane, si byo se? Arimo insoro zitukura, insoro zera, n'ibindi byinshi. Muri ibyo, igice cy'amazi cy'amaraso cyitwa 'plasma'. Rimwe na rimwe, bitewe n'indwara iri mu mubiri wacu, iyi plasma ishobora guteza ibibazo. Muri ibyo bihe, tugiye kuvuga ku buryo bwihariye bwo kuvura bukuraho iyo plasma ifite ikibazo kandi igasukura amaraso.

Reka tubanze turebe, iyi plasma ni iki?

Mu magambo make, plasma ni igice cy'amaraso yacu gifite umuhondo woroshye. Kimwe cya kabiri cy'amaraso yacu kigizwe na plasma. Nubwo ahanini ari amazi, inakubiyemo ibintu byinshi by'ingenzi umubiri wacu ukeneye. By'umwihariko, poroteyine na electrolytes , ari byo byumyu.

Tekereza ko umubiri wacu umeze nk'igihugu. Hanyuma zimwe muri poroteyine ziri muri iyi plasma zimeze nk'ingabo zo muri icyo gihugu. Ziturinda abanzi nka virusi na bagiteri bituruka hanze. Izi antibodies nazo tuzita. Ubundi bwoko bwa poroteyine bufasha guhagarika kuva amaraso iyo hari igikomere. Noneho urabona akamaro ka plasma, sibyo?

None se plasmapheresis na plasma exchange ni iki?

Aya mazina yombi asa gato, bityo bishobora gutera urujijo. Reka tubikomeze byoroshye.

• Plasmapheresis: Ibi bikubiyemo gutandukanya plasma n'amaraso gusa. Ubu buryo bukunze gukoreshwa mu gufata plasma ku muntu muzima (plasma y'umutanga) no kuvura undi murwayi.

• Guhinduranya Amaraso: Ubu ni bwo buryo bukunze gukoreshwa cyane mu kuvura. Ikibaho hano ni uko plasma itera indwara mu mubiri wawe ikurwaho igasimbuzwa plasma nziza cyangwa amazi meza. Ni nko gukuramo amazi yanduye ugashyiramo amazi meza. Muri iyi nkuru, tuzavuga cyane cyane kuri ubu buryo bwo kuvura Guhinduranya Amaraso.

Ni izihe ndwara zishobora kuvurwa n'ubu buryo bwo kuvura?

Plasma Exchange ni uburyo bwo kuvura indwara zitandukanye. By'umwihariko, bushobora kugira akamaro mu kuvura indwara ziterwa n'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri, indwara z'amaraso, ndetse n'ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa kanseri.

Ni iki kibaho mbere no mu gihe cyo kuvurwa?

Kwitegura mbere yo kuvurwa

Niba muganga wawe agutegetse ubu buryo bwo kuvura, azakubwira ibintu nk'ibi kugira ngo agutegurire.

• Nywa ibinyobwa byinshi bitarimo karubone (amazi, ibinyobwa by'imbuto) mu gihe cy'iminsi itatu mbere yo kuvurwa.
• Kurya ifunguro ryoroheje nk'isaha imwe mbere y'uko uvurwa, ntugire inzara.
• Uzaze wambaye imyenda isanzwe kandi idafite isuku. Kubera ko ubuvuzi buzamara amasaha menshi, ni byiza kuzana ikintu cyo gusoma, nk'igitabo cyangwa telefoni kugira ngo wumve umuziki.
• Ushobora kumva unaniwe gato nyuma yo kuvurwa, bityo gutwara imodoka bishobora kugorana. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa kuzana umuntu wo kugutwara mu rugo.

Mu gihe cyo kuvurwa

Intambwe zikoreshwa mu kuvura Plasma Exchange ziroroshye cyane.

1. Ubwa mbere, umuganga cyangwa umuforomo azashyira umurongo wa IV mu mutsi wo ku kuboko kwawe. Bashobora kandi gushyira catheter yo hagati mu mutsi munini mu ijosi cyangwa mu gituza cyawe.

2. Hanyuma, amaraso make asohoka buhoro buhoro mu mubiri wawe binyuze muri yo.

3. Amaraso yoherezwa mu mashini yihariye, aho plasma yonyine ari yo itandukanyijwe.

4. Plasma ifite ikibazo yaguteye irakurwaho .

5. Hanyuma, amazi yihariye nka plasma nshya cyangwa albumine yongerwa ku tunyangingo dutukura dusigaye n'utunyangingo twera.

6. Amaherezo, aya maraso asukuye asubizwa mu mubiri wawe binyuze muri iyo kanula imwe.

Ese ibi birababaza? Ese hari ingaruka mbi?

Ikibazo abantu benshi bibaza ni ukumenya niba ibi bizababaza. Oya, ubu si uburyo bubabaza. Ariko, ushobora kumva ubabara gato iyo ushyizemo kanula mu kuboko kwawe. Hari abantu bashobora guhura n'ibi bikurikira mu gihe cyo kuvurwa:

• Kumva nk'aho amaboko n'ibirenge byawe birimo kubabara
• Kumva ufite isesemi
• Ukumva ufite agahinda
• Kumva ukonje

Niba wumva ibintu nk'ibi, ugomba guhita ubibwira muganga cyangwa umuforomo. Bazi ibintu byoroshye ushobora gukora.

Nubwo guhinduranya plasma ari uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura, hari ingaruka zimwe na zimwe zishobora kubaho gake cyane.

• Hypocalcemia: Ibi bibaho kubera ko kalisiyumu ishobora gutakaza mu gihe cyo kuvurwa. Ivurwa na kalisiyumu yo mu mitsi.
• Hypothermia: Umubiri ushobora kumva ukonje bitewe n'amazi asubijwemo. Ibi bishobora kugenzurwa no gutanga amazi ashyushye cyangwa gupfunyika umubiri mu gitambaro.
• Umuvuduko w'amaraso uri hasi (Hypotension):Iyo bibaye ngombwa, hatangwa umunyu cyangwa ibindi binyobwa kuri ibi.

Ese dialyse n'ubu buryo bwo kuvura hakoreshejwe plasma ni kimwe?

Hari abantu bateshwa umutwe kuko ubwo buryo bwombi ari uburyo bwo gusukura amaraso. Ariko, byombi bifite intego ebyiri.

• Dialysis: Ibi bikorwa ku bantu bafite impyiko zidakora neza. Dialysis ikubiyemo kuyungurura imyanda mu maraso impyiko zidashobora gukuramo.

• Guhinduranya plasma: Ibi ntibikuraho imyanda mu mubiri. Bikuraho poroteyine cyangwa antibodies zangiza ziboneka muri plasma y'amaraso .

Muri make, dialyse ni inzira yo gukuraho 'imyanda' mu maraso. Guhinduranya plasma ni inzira yo gufata no gukuramo 'abantu babi' (poroteyine zangiza) mu maraso.

Igihe wumva uruhutse nyuma yo kuvurwa biterwa n'uko urwaye. Urugero, umuntu urwaye Myasthenia Gravis ashobora kumara amezi menshi nta bimenyetso afite nyuma y'ibyumweru bike amaze kuvurwa.