Ese nawe uhangayikishijwe n'umukungugu? (Allergy y'umukungugu) - Reka tuvuge kuri ibi!

Iyo impeshyi igeze, ibiti bigakura kandi bigasa neza, hari abantu batangira kugira ibibazo bito. Ibintu nk'amazuru asohoka, kwitsamura, n'amaso atukura kandi asharira. Ese wigeze uhura na byo? Niba ari byo, ibi bishobora kuba ari ingenzi kuri wewe. Ushobora kuba urwaye allergie y'umukungugu utabizi.

Kurwara indwara y'umukungugu ni iki?

Mu magambo make, ubwivumbure bw'umukungugu ni ingaruka y'ubwivumbure mu mubiri wacu ku duce duto twitwa pollen dusohorwa n'ibimera bitanga indabyo, ibiti, ibyatsi n'ibyatsi bibi. Pollen ni ifu y'umuhondo mwiza, rimwe na rimwe yera. Ibi ni byo bifasha ibimera gukwirakwiza imbuto zabyo, ni ukuvuga kororoka. Tekereza ukuntu utwo duce duto tw'umukungugu tuguruka mu muyaga dushobora kwinjira mu mazuru yacu, mu maso, mu muhogo no mu bihaha!

Niba ufite aleriji y’umukungugu, ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri wawe - sisitemu iturinda indwara - itekereza ko umukungugu ari ikintu kibi cyane, nk'umugera. Rero, kugira ngo turwanye uyu "mwanzi", umubiri wacu ukora imiti itandukanye, urugero nka histamine . Ni bwo ibimenyetso by’aleriji - kwitsamura, izuru riva, amaso asharira - bigaragara.

Izi aleriji z'umukungugu zikunze kubaho mu bihe bimwe na bimwe by'umwaka. Ni ukuvuga ko zikunze kugaragara iyo ibiti bitangiye kurabya kandi bigatanga umukungugu. Urugero, mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe, umukungugu uturuka ku biti mu mpeshyi, ibyatsi mu mpeshyi, n'ibyatsi bibi mu gihe cy'impeshyi. Ariko, mu bihugu bifite ikirere gishyushye nk'icyacu, bimwe mu bimera bitanga umukungugu umwaka wose, bityo ibyo bimenyetso bishobora kubaho igihe icyo ari cyo cyose cy'umwaka. Ibi rimwe na rimwe byitwa 'Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis' .

Kuki turwara allergie nk'iyi?

Mu by’ukuri iki ni ikibazo gito cyo kudasobanukirwa neza ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri wacu. Ubusanzwe, ubudahangarwa bwacu bw’umubiri bushobora kumenya abanzi nyakuri (nk’udukoko) no kubarwanya. Ariko ku muntu ufite ubwivumbure bw’umukungugu, ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri bubona nabi n’uduce tw’umukungugu tutagize icyo turya nk’akaga.

Tekereza, ibiri kuba hano bisa no guhangayikisha umushyitsi w’inzirakarengane uje iwawe, yibwira ko umurinzi wawe ari umujura.

Iyo stress isohora imiti nka histamine, igatera ibimenyetso nko kuziba izuru, amaso atukura, no kuribwa. Ibi bishobora no kuba umurage. Ibyo bivuze ko niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe ufite allergie nk'iyi, nawe ushobora kuyirwara.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'umusaruro kandi bugira ingaruka ki kuri twe?

Hari ahantu hatatu hakuru hatera ubwivumbure bw'umukungugu: ibiti, ibyatsi, n'ibyatsi bibi. Bitewe n'aho utuye, ibihe by'ubu bwoko bw'umukungugu bishobora gutandukana.

Imbuto z'ibiti

Ubusanzwe, imbuto z'ibiti ni zo zitangira gutera ibibazo mu mwaka. Mu bihugu by'Iburengerazuba bw'Isi, ibi bikunze kugaragara cyane mu mezi ya Werurwe, Mata na Gicurasi. Ariko, mu bihugu nk'icyacu, amoko amwe y'ibiti ashobora gutanga imbuto hafi umwaka wose. Abantu benshi barwara indwara z'ubwivumbure bitewe n'imbuto z'ibiti nka Birch, Oak, na Cedar . Ariko, muri Sri Lanka, imbuto z'ibiti byo mu gace kacu zishobora kuba impamvu.

Imbuto z'ibyatsi

Indwara y’ibimera byo mu byatsi itera ubwivumbure mu mpera z’impeshyi no mu ntangiriro z’impeshyi. Hari igihe ibi bishobora guhura n’igihe cy’ibimera byo mu biti n’igihe cy’ibimera byo mu byatsi. Indwara y’ibimera byo mu byatsi ni nto cyane, bityo ishobora gutwarwa n’umuyaga kure. Ibi bivuze ko ushobora no kugira ubwivumbure mu byatsi byo mu gace utuyemo. Nubwo ibyatsi nka Bahia, Bermuda, Fescue, Johnson, na Kentucky blue bivugwa ko ari byo bitera ubwivumbure, ibindi byatsi byo mu gihugu cyacu na byo bishobora kubyibasira.

Imbuto z'ibyatsi bibi

Imbuto z'ibyatsi, cyane cyane ragweed , ni yo mpamvu ya gatatu itera ubwivumbure bw'ibyatsi. Ibi bibaho kuva mu mpeshyi kugeza mu gihe cy'izuba. Ragweed ni icyatsi kibisi gikunze gutera ubwivumbure. Tekereza gato, ikimera kimwe gishobora gutanga imbuto z'ibyatsi miliyari! Rero biragoye kubyirinda. Ibindi byatsi bibi nka burning bush, cocklebur, na lamb's quarters nabyo bitera ubwivumbure.

Iyi ndwara ikunze kugaragara gute?

Iyi aleriji y’umukungugu ni ikintu kigira ingaruka ku bantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni ku isi. Bivugwa ko abantu bagera kuri miliyoni 20 muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika bonyine bayirwaye. Abantu benshi mu gihugu cyacu nabo barwaye iki kibazo, kandi bashobora kuba batazi ko bafite aleriji y’umukungugugu.

Wamenya ute ko ufite ubwivumbure bw'umukungugu? Ni ibihe bimenyetso?

Reba niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso:

• Amazi ava mu mazuru (atari nk'ibicurane, ni amazi make).
• Kuziba izuru ni ikibazo gituma guhumeka bigorana.
• Kwitsamura kenshi, rimwe na rimwe inshuro nyinshi zikurikiranye.
• Kubyimba hafi y'amaso, kubyimba, ndetse rimwe na rimwe n'imizingo yijimye munsi y'amaso.
• Gutukura kw'amaso, gushwanyagurika no gushyuha kw'amaso.
• Kuryarya mu muhogo, mu maso no mu mazuru.
• Inkorora, rimwe na rimwe inkorora yumye, cyangwa kumva ubabara mu muhogo.
• Iyo urwaye asima, impongo zishobora gutuma irushaho kuba mbi. Ibi byitwa 'asthma y'ubwivumbure' .
• Ni gake cyane, uburyohe n'impumuro bishobora kugabanuka.

Abantu benshi bahura n'ibi bimenyetso bitewe no guhumeka impongo mu kirere, ariko hari abantu bashobora kugira ingaruka iyo bakoze ku impongo cyangwa bakayishyira mu maso.

Ni gute wasuzuma neza ibi nk'allergie? (Isuzuma)

Niba ufite ibi bimenyetso, ni byiza kujya kwa muganga. Muganga azakubaza ibimenyetso byawe, inshuro bikunze kugaragara, ubukana bwabyo, ndetse niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe ufite allergie nk'iyi.

Hanyuma, hashobora gukorwa ibizamini byinshi kugira ngo hemezwe niba ari allergie y’umukungugu:

1. Ikizamini cyo gukomeretsa uruhu: Muri iki kizamini, umuganga w’indwara z’ubwivumbure ashyira ubwoko buke bw’imbuni ku ruhu rwawe (ubusanzwe ku kuboko cyangwa mu mugongo) maze akarutera urushinge ruto. Mu minota 15-20, niba ufite ubwivumbure kuri urwo rushinge, ahantu hazaba hatukura, habyimbe, kandi hakazagaragara udusebe duto, nk’uko umubu uruma, maze bigatangira kubyimba.

2. Isuzuma ry'amaraso rya IgE: Iki ni isuzuma ryoroheje ry'amaraso. Risuzuma ubwoko runaka bwa antibody (bwitwa IgE) mu maraso yawe ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bwawe bukora burwanya ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bw'impongo.

Ibi bizamini bishobora kandi kugufasha kumenya ubwoko bw'umukungugu uterwa na ubwivumbure.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwiza bwo kuvura ibi?

Inkuru nziza ni uko hari uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura aleriji y’umukungugu! Uburyo bugukwiriye buzaterwa n’uburemere bw’aleriji yawe, ibimenyetso byawe, ndetse n’ubuzima bwawe muri rusange.

Imiti

Hari imiti igurishwa mu maduka y’imiti (OTC) ishobora kugurwa muri farumasi nta muganga wanditse, ndetse n’imiti muganga yakwandikiye kugira ngo igabanye ibyo bimenyetso.

• Antihistamines: Iyi ni yo miti ya mbere ikoreshwa. Urugero, harimo Cetirizine (Zyrtec®) , Loratadine (Claritin®) , na Fexofenadine (Allegra®) . Iyi miti ikora mu kubuza imikorere ya histamine yavuzwe haruguru mu mubiri. Iza mu buryo bw'ibinini, amazi, n'imiti ikoreshwa mu mazuru.
• Imiti ikoreshwa mu mazuru irimo imiti ya corticosteroid: Urugero , fluticasone (Flonase®) na mometasone (Nasonex®) . Iyi miti igabanya kubyimba no kubyimba mu mazuru. Iyi miti ikwiye gukoreshwa buri munsi kugira ngo ubone umusaruro mwiza.
• Imiti igabanya kubyimba mu mazuru: Iyi igabanya kubyimba mu mazuru. Urugero, harimo pseudoephedrine (Sudafed®) na phenylephrine (Sudafed PE®) . Ariko, iyi miti ntigomba gufatwa iminsi irenze mike, kuko hari abantu bashobora kugira ingaruka mbi kandi bagashobora kubyimba mu mazuru. Iyi miti ntikwiriye abantu bafite indwara nk'umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso.
• Imiti igabanya ububabare n'imiti igabanya ububabare: Urugero , Loratadine/Pseudoephedrine (Claritin-D®) .
• Inhibitors za Leukotriene: Urugero , Montelukast (Singulair®) . Izi ziza nk'ibinini kandi zishobora gufatwa gusa iyo muganga aguhaye uruhushya. Zikora mu kuziba imiti yitwa leukotriene, ituma inzira z'ubuhumekero zibyimba kandi zigafungana mu gihe umuntu afite allergie. Zikoreshwa kandi ku bantu bafite asima.
• Imiti ikoreshwa ku bantu bafite asima: Muganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira imiti igabanya ububabare bw'imitsi ihumekwa cyangwa inyobwa hamwe na steroidi zihumekwa.

Icy'ingenzi: Niba ibimenyetso byawe bitaragabanuka mu cyumweru kimwe cyangwa bibiri ukoresheje imiti igurishwa mu kigo, menya neza ko wagiye kwa muganga. Ashobora kukwandikira umuti ukomeye ukubereye.

Inkoni zo gutera ubwivumbure - Ubuvuzi bw'umubiri

Ibi kandi byitwa 'immunotherapy' . Ubu ni uburyo bwo kuvura igihe kirekire. Utu dushinge dukora mu guhindura buhoro buhoro uburyo ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri wawe bwitwara ku bintu bitera allergen (ni ukuvuga impongo) uko igihe kigenda gihita. Utangirana n'ingano nto cyane y'impongo uterwa na allergen, hanyuma ukongera buhoro buhoro ukoresheje inshinge nyinshi. Ibi bifasha umubiri wawe "kumenyera" impongo. Ibi bishobora no gufasha bamwe mu bantu gukuraho burundu allergen zabo. Utu dushinge dutangwa buri gihe munsi y'ubuyobozi bwa muganga.

Impinduka mu mibereho

Nubwo bidashoboka kwirinda impongo burundu, ushobora kugabanya uburyo uhura na zo ukoresheje utuntu duto duto mu buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi.

• Gerageza kuguma mu nzu mu minsi umubare w'intanga uba uri hejuru. Urugero rw'intanga ziba nyinshi cyane cyane mu gitondo (hafi saa kumi n'imwe za mu gitondo kugeza saa yine za mu gitondo) no mu minsi y'umuyaga mwinshi kandi y'umuhengeri.
• Gufunga amadirishya, cyane cyane mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bwinshi. Koresha icyuma gikonjesha cyangwa icyuma gishyushya kugira ngo ukonje. Sukura akayunguruzo k'umwuka gakonjesha buri gihe.
• Ambara agapfukamunwa gakingira ivumbi iyo ugiye hanze. Agapfukamunwa ka N95 ni ko kaba keza. Kwambara ingofero n'indorerwamo z'izuba nabyo bishobora kugabanya ingano y'umukungugu winjira mu maso yawe.
• Byaba byiza ukoresheje icyuma gisukura umwuka gifite ibyuma biyungurura umwuka bikoresha ingufu nyinshi (HEPA) mu rugo, cyane cyane mu cyumba cyo kuraramo.
• Nugaruka uvuye mu rugendo, hita ukuramo imyenda yawe, uyishyire ahandi, hanyuma uyimese vuba bishoboka. Ntukayizane mu cyumba cyo kuraramo.
• Niba waramaze umwanya uri hanze, jya woga woge umusatsi wawe ukimara kugera mu rugo, cyane cyane mbere yo kuryama, kuko impongo zishobora kuba ziri ku myenda yawe, ku ruhu no ku musatsi.

Ese ushobora kwirinda allergie y'umukungugu?

Mu by’ukuri, nta buryo bwo kwirinda 100% umuntu kugira allergie y’umukungugu. Ibi biterwa nuko bifitanye isano n’ibintu bigize imiterere y’uturemangingo. Ariko, nk’uko byavuzwe haruguru, mu kugabanya ibyago byo guhura n’umukungugu no kuvurwa neza, ushobora kugabanya ibimenyetso no kugaragara nabi.

Niyitaho nte? (Kwiyitaho)

Kubaho ufite allergie y'umukungugu rimwe na rimwe bishobora kubabaza cyane. Ariko ntugahangayike. Ushobora kubona ihumure ryinshi ukurikije izi nama:

• Menya ingano y'umusaruro: Imbuga nyinshi za interineti na porogaramu zikoresha ikirere ubu zitanga amakuru yerekeye ingano y'umusaruro wa buri munsi. Gabanya imiterere y'ikirere muri iyo minsi.
• Komeza urugo rwawe rusukuye: Sukura isuku mu nzu yawe buri gihe (byaba byiza ukoresheje akayunguruzo ka HEPA). Isukure n'igitambaro gitose.
• Mesa ibitanda byawe kenshi: Mesa amashuka yawe n'udufuka tw'imisego mu mazi ashyushye nibura rimwe mu cyumweru.
• Wite ku matungo yawe: Itungo ryawe rishobora kuba rifite impongo mu bwoya bwaryo iyo ryinjiye cyangwa risohotse. Risukure kenshi kandi rigabanye uburyo bwo kwinjira mu cyumba cyo kuraramo.
• Fata umuti wanditswe na muganga wawe ku gihe. Nubwo ibimenyetso byawe byagenda neza, ntugahagarike gufata umuti kugeza igihe muganga wawe agutegetse. Niba ufite ingaruka mbi, bwira muganga wawe niba ibimenyetso byawe byagiye neza cyangwa bitaragenze neza.

Ni ryari ngomba kujya kwa muganga?

Ni byiza kujya kwa muganga niba:

• Niba utekereza ko ufite ibimenyetso by'ubwivumbure bw'umukungugu.
• Niba nta gihinduka nyuma y'icyumweru kimwe cyangwa bibiri ufata umuti uguze muri farumasi.
• Niba ibimenyetso bikomeye bihagije ku buryo bibangamira imirimo yawe ya buri munsi cyangwa ibitotsi.
• Niba ufite izindi ndwara z'ubuhumekero nka asima kandi niba ibimenyetso by'ubwivumbure byiyongera.
• Niba umuti utera ingaruka mbi.

Wibuke ko allergie idakwiye kuba umutwaro. Iyo uvuwe neza, ushobora kubona uruhutse.

Hanyuma, hari ibintu by'ingenzi ugomba kwibuka

Allergie y'umukungugu ishobora kuba ikibazo gikomeye. Bishobora kubabaza iyo ubuze indabyo nziza n'amahirwe yo kuzishimira hanze. Ariko niba uzirikana izi nama, ushobora kwihanganira ikibazo neza:

• Allergie y'umukungugu irakunze kugaragara, ariko ntukayireke ngo iyobore ubuzima bwawe. Iyo uyicunze neza, ushobora kuyihanganira.
• Menya ibimenyetso byawe. Witondere igihe n'uko bibaho.
• Ni ingenzi cyane gushaka inama kwa muganga. Aho kwivura, shaka muganga wawe uburyo bwo gusuzuma no kuvura indwara neza.
• Koresha imiti neza.Nanone, gutera intambwe nto mu minsi aho urugero rw'umusaruro w'imbuto (nk'ugufunga amadirishya, kwambara agapfukamunwa mu gihe usohotse, no kwiyuhagira mu gihe ugeze mu rugo) bishobora kuguha ihumure rikomeye.
• Wihangayika, nturi wenyine. Hari abantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni ku isi babayeho neza bafite iyi ndwara. Nawe ushobora kuyihanganira!

Ndizera ko muri iyi nkuru mwasobanukiwe neza ibijyanye na Allergy y'Imbuto. Komeza ugire ubuzima bwiza!

Impumuro Indwara yo kurwara aleriji, Aleriji, Kuziba izuru, Kwitsamura, Amaso asharira, Aleriji y'igihe runaka, Histamine, Ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri