Kana chiremba akakuudza kuti mwana wako ane ADHD ( Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) uye akakuudza kuti utange mushonga wechirwere ichi, zvakajairika kuti iwe semubereki unzwe mutoro mukuru pamoyo wako. "Chii chichaitika kana ndikapa mwana wangu mushonga?", "Izvi zvichamukuvadza here?", nezvimwewo. Mibvunzo yakawanda ingangouya mupfungwa dzako. Asi usazvidya mwoyo. Muchinyorwa chino, tichataura nezvazvo nemashoko akareruka kuti tipindure mibvunzo yako. Tichatsanangura zvinhu izvi chimwe nechimwe, sezvaungataura neshamwari yako.
Kurapwa kwakafanana kunoshanda here kumwana wese?
Kwete. Ichi ndicho chinhu chekutanga chatinofanira kunzwisisa. Mabatirwo anoitwa ADHD anosiyana kubva pamwana kusvika pamwana. Fungidzira, kunyangwe vana gumi vari mukirasi imwe chete vaine ADHD, hurongwa hwekurapa hunopiwa kune vese gumi hunogona kusiyana. Chikonzero cheizvi ndechekuti zviratidzo zvemwana wega wega, zvaanoita, uye zvaanoda zvakasiyana.
Vanachiremba vanowanzo ronga kurapwa seizvi:
- Kune vana vari pasi pemakore matanhatu ekuberekwa: Nyanzvi dzinowanzo kurudzira kutanga nekurapa maitiro usati wapa mushonga.
- Kune vana vane makore anopfuura matanhatu: Kune vana vezera iri, musanganiswa wemishonga nemaitiro ekurapa ndiwo unoonekwa senzira inoshanda zvakanyanya.
Chiremba ari kurapa mwana wenyu ndiye achasarudza imwe inonyatsokodzera mwana wenyu kubva pane idzi sarudzo.
- Pamwe mhando imwe chete yemushonga inopihwa.
- Kana kuti, musanganiswa wemishonga yakasiyana-siyana (yatinoti iyi adjunctive therapy) inogona kupihwa.
- Kurapa kwemaitiro kunowanzo kurudzirwa pamwe chete nemishonga.
Chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti chiremba anogona kuchinja mhando yemushonga kana kuti dose kusvika awana mushonga unoshanda zvakanaka kumwana wako. Saka musazvidya mwoyo.
Ndeipi mishonga mikuru inoshandiswa pakurapa ADHD?
Kune mhando nhatu huru dzemishonga dzinoshandiswa kurapa ADHD. Ngationei kuti ndedzipi.
1. Zvinokurudzira
3. Mishonga yekuderedza kushushikana
Zvino ngatitaurei nezverudzi rumwe nerumwe rweizvi zvakasiyana, zvakadzama.
Ngatitangei tataura nezvezvinosimudzira muviri.
Kazhinji, chiremba wako anotanga mwana wako pamushonga mudiki werudzi urwu. Mishonga iyi mishonga yenguva refu uye yakaedzwa zvakanaka yeADHD. Inogona kubatsira zvikuru vana vane dambudziko nebasa rechikoro, basa rechikoro, kana kushamwaridzana nevamwe.
Kunyange zvazvo izvi zvichinzi "zvinosimudzira muviri," kuzvitora hazviiti kuti mwana ave nehasha zvakanyanya. Kutaura zvazviri, zvakapesana zvinoitika. Mishonga iyi inobatsira kuti mwana arambe akatarisa uye kuti asavhiringidzwe nezvinhu zvisina basa .
Mishonga yemhando yestimulant
Heano mimwe mienzaniso yemhando iyi yemushonga. Chiremba wako anogona kukupa mumwe weiyi. (Haasi ese marudzi aya anogona kuwanikwa muSri Lanka, asi aya ndiwo mishonga mikuru inoshandiswa pasi rese.)
| Zita reMushonga uyu | Mazita eBrand |
|---|---|
| Amphetamine | Adderall, Adderall XR, Adzenys XR-ODT |
| Dexmethylphenidate | Focalin, Focalin XR |
| Lisdexamfetamine | Vyvanse |
| Methylphenidate | Konsati, Daytrana, Jornay, Ritalin |
| serdexmethylphenidate/ dexmethylphenidate | Azstarys |
Nguva yekushanda kwemushonga uyu inosiyanawo.
Mishonga iyi inosimudzira muviri yakakamurwawo muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvichienderana nenguva inoshanda.
- Inoshanda kwenguva pfupi:Izvi zvinoshanda nekukurumidza uye zvinobviswa mumuviri nekukurumidza. Saka unofanira kuzvinwa kakawanda pazuva. Zvinowanzo gara kwemaawa mana.
- Inoshanda pakati nepakati: Idzi dzinoshanda kwemaawa mashoma kupfuura dzinoshanda kwenguva pfupi.
- Inoshanda kwenguva refu: Mushonga uyu unowanzo torwa kamwe chete pazuva. Unogona kugara kwemaawa angangoita 8-12. Uyu wakanakira vana vezera rechikoro nekuti unogona kupihwa mumwe mangwanani kuti uvhare zuva rese.
Zvakakosha: Kana mwana wako aine zvimwe zvirwere (semuenzaniso chirwere chemwoyo), kana kana paine mumwe munhu mumhuri mako ane nhoroondo yezvirwere zvakadaro, unofanira kuudza chiremba wako zvese izvi usati wapa mushonga uyu.
Zvino ngationei kuti chii chinonzi zvinhu zvisingakurudziri.
Iyi mishonga isingakurudziri. Inogonawo kubatsira mwana wako kuti anyatsoteerera uye kuti adzore mafungiro ake. Kana mishonga inokurudzira isingashande kumwana wako, kana kuti ikakonzera migumisiro yakaipa, chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira mushonga usingakurudziri.
Dzimwe nguva mhando iyi yemushonga inopihwa pamwe chete nemushonga unosimudzira muviri. Ongororo dzakaratidza kuti kana ukashandiswa nenzira iyi, kubudirira kwemushonga wacho kunotowedzera.
| Mishonga isingakurudziri inotenderwa ADHD | |
|---|---|
| Atomoxetine | (Strattera) |
| Clonidine hydrochloride ER | (Kapvay) |
| Guanfacine ER | (Intuniv) |
| Viloxazine | (Qelbree) |
- Atomoxetine (Strattera):Mushonga uyu unoshanda nekuwedzera huwandu hwekemikari inonzi norepinephrine muuropi. Izvi zvinobatsira kuderedza mwana anonyanya kuita zvinhu zvisina musoro uye maitiro ake asina kugadzikana.
- Clonidine neGuanfacine: Mishonga iyi yakatanga kugadzirwa kurapa BP yakakwira, asi inokanganisawo mamwe ma chemical receptors muuropi, zvichibatsira kudzora ndangariro yemwana, kutarisisa, kuda kuita zvinhu zvisina musoro, uye kushaya simba.
Mishonga yekuora mwoyo inopihwa mumamiriro api ezvinhu?
Vamwe vana vane ADHD vanogonawo kuva nezvimwe zvirwere zvepfungwa, zvakaita sekuora mwoyo. Muzviitiko izvi, chiremba anogona kunyora mushonga wekuderedza kushungurudzika pamwe chete nemishonga inosimudzira simba.
Mishonga iyi haibvumidzwe zvakananga kuti ishandiswe pakurapa ADHD, asi zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti inogona kubatsira kudzora zviratidzo zvakaita sekunyanya kushanda uye hasha.
- Bupropion (Wellbutrin): Izvi zvinobatsira kuvandudza mafungiro evana vane ADHD uye kuora mwoyo.
- Imipramine (Tofranil) neNortriptyline (Pamelor): Aya ndiwo mishonga yekare yekudzora marwadzo. Anokanganisa ma neurotransmitters muuropi. Zvisinei, haachanyanyi kushandiswa nekuda kwemigumisiro yakaipa.
- Venlafaxine (Effexor): Izvi zvinogona kushandiswa kuvana vane matambudziko ekuzvidya mwoyo kana epfungwa pamwe chete neADHD.
Zivai migumisiro yemishonga.
Mishonga yakawanda yeADHD inogona kuva nemigumisiro yakaipa, saka usati watanga kushandisa chero mushonga, bvunza chiremba wako nezvemigumisiro inogona kuitika uye zvaunofanira kuziva.
Kana mukaona shanduko dzisinganzwisisike muhunhu hwemwana wenyu paanenge achitora mushonga, zivisai chiremba wenyu nekukasika. Zvakare, taurirai chiremba wenyu kana mushonga wacho usingashande zvakanaka kana kuti migumisiro yacho ichiita seyakanyanya.
Usamborega kushandisa mishonga yemwana wako usina kutaura nachiremba wako. Izvi zvakakosha zvikuru.
Mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu anogona kuitika pamwe chete neADHD
Vana vazhinji vane ADHD vanewo chimwe kana zvimwe zvirwere, zvakaita sekuora mwoyo kana kuzvidya mwoyo. Chinhu chakanakisa ndechekuti vanachiremba vanogona kurapa zvirwere zvese panguva imwe chete. Dzimwe nguva, mushonga mumwe chete unogona kudzora zvirwere zvese. Saka taura pachena uye utendeseke kuna chiremba wako nezvekuchinja kwaunoona muhunhu hwemwana wako.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Kurapa kweADHD kwakasiyana uye kunoitirwa mwana wega wega. Zvinoshanda kumwana mumwe zvingasashanda kune mumwe.
- Mishonga ingori chikamu chimwe chete chechirongwa chekurapa. Kazhinji inonyanya kushandiswa pamwe chete nekurapa maitiro.
- Kune mhando nhatu huru dzemishonga dzinoshandiswa (Stimulants, Non-stimulants, Antidepressants). Chiremba wako ndiye achasarudza yakakodzera mwana wako.
- Gara uchitaura nachiremba wemwana wako nezvekuti mushonga wake uri kushanda sei uye kana paine mimwe migumisiro yakaipa. Zvaunoona zvakakosha zvikuru pakugadzira hurongwa hwekurapa.
- Usambofa wakachinja kana kurega mushonga wemwana wako usina kupiwa mazano nachiremba.
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