Kwakanga kuri masikati anopisa uye ane hunyoro, uye kiriniki yemunharaunda iri pakati peguta yakanga yakazara nevanhu vakawanda. Mhuri dzakaungana mumatende echinguvana, dzakamirira kuona vanachiremba. Pakati pavo paiva naAnil, mushandi wemutorwa ane makore 45 okuberekwa akapinda nechiso chakachenuruka uye muviri wake usina simba, uchidedera.
“Dr. Priya,” akadaro achizevezera paakagara pasi, “Ndanga ndichinzwa kusanzwa zvakanaka kwemazuva mashoma apfuura. Zvakatanga nemusoro nekurwadziwa kwetsandanyama, asi ikozvino handigoni kurega kudikitira , uye ndinonzwa sekunge ndiri kupisa.”
Ndakabva ndangoona kusviba kwake, kufema kwake nekukurumidza, uye ziya richiyerera kumeso kwake. "Ngatikuongororei, Anil," ndakadaro, ndichinzwa kuti tingangove tiri kutarisana nechirwere chemunzvimbo dzinopisa.
Chii chinonzi Malaria?
Mushure mekuongororwa nekukurumidza uye kuongororwa nhoroondo, zviratidzo zvaAnil zvakaratidza kuti ane malaria, chirwere chinokonzerwa nePlasmodium parasite. Ndakamutsanangurira kuti, “Marariya inotapuriranwa nekurumwa neumhutu hwechikadzi hunonzi Anopheles . Utachiona uhwu hunoenda kuchiropa hwowanda husati hwapinda muropa, uko hunotapurirana masero matsvuku eropa uye hunokonzera zviratidzo zvauri kuona.”
Airatidzika kunge ainetseka. "Asi ndinongwarira zvikuru kuchengetedza nzvimbo yangu yakachena," akadaro.
Ndakamuvimbisa kuti, “Wakarurama kutora matanho ekudzivirira, asi umhutu hunogona kukura kunyangwe mumadziva madiki emvura isina kugadzikana kana kuruma patinenge tisingatarisiri, kunyanya munzvimbo dzine hunyoro dzakadai.”
Sangano reWorld Hutano Organization (WHO) rinofungidzira kuti paive nevanhu vanosvika mamiriyoni mazana maviri nemakumi mana nerimwe chete vakabatwa nemalaria pasi rose muna 2020, uye vazhinji vavo vakabatwa nemalaria zvakanyanya muAfrica iri kumaodzanyemba kweSahara nedzimwe nzvimbo dzeAsia.
Ndezvipi Zviratidzo zveMalaria?
Ndakakumbira Anil kuti atsanangure zviratidzo zvake zvakadzama. Akanyora:
- Musoro wakakomba
- Marwadzo emhasuru
- Fivha ine chikosoro uye kudikitira
- Kuneta kwakanyanya uye kuda kurutsa
"Izvi zviratidzo zvemalaria," ndakadaro. "Marariya inowanzotanga nezviratidzo zvakaita sefuruu vhiki imwe chete kana kupfuura mushure mekurumwa neumhutu, uye fivha inowanzouya nguva nenguva."
Akagutsurira musoro, achiwedzera kuti, "Zvinonzwa sechirwere chakaipisisa chandati ndambova nacho. Kudikitira nekubvunda hazvitsungiririki."
Zviratidzo zvemalaria zvinokonzerwa nekuparadzwa kwemasero matsvuku eropa nechirwere ichi, zvichikonzera kushomeka kweropa mumuviri uye kupindura kwemasoja emuviri senge fivha nechando.
Malaria inoonekwa sei?
Ndakaraira kuti Anil aongororwe ropa kuti ndisimbise chirwere chacho. "Kuongororwa nekukurumidza kana kuongororwa ropa uchishandisa maikorosikopu kunogona kuona kuvapo kwechirwere ichi," ndakatsanangura.
"Ko bvunzo yacho icharwadza here?" akabvunza achitya.
"Kungobaya ropa zvishoma," ndakadaro. "Zvabuda zvichatibatsira kuziva kuti nderupi rudzi rwechirwere chemalaria chiri kukonzera chirwere chako."
Kune mhando ina huru dzezvipembenene zvePlasmodium zvinokonzera malaria muvanhu: P. vivax , P. ovale , P. malariae , uye P. falciparum . Pakati peizvi, P. falciparum ndiyo ine njodzi zvikuru nekuda kwekugona kwayo kukonzera matambudziko akakomba.
Malaria yakakomba zvakadii?
Pandakataura nezveP . falciparum , maziso aAnil akavhurika. "Zvine njodzi kuhupenyu here?"
"Zvinogona kuitika kana zvikasarapwa," ndakapindura nekuvimbika. "Muzviitiko zvakakomba, malaria inogona kukonzera matambudziko akadai semalaria yeuropi, kutadza kushanda kweitsvo, uye kupererwa neropa kwakanyanya. Asi nekurapwa nekukasika, tinogona kudzivirira izvi."
Sekureva kweCenters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), P. falciparum ndiyo inokonzera kufa kwevanhu vakawanda pasi rose nekuda kwemalaria. Zvisinei, kurapwa nekukurumidza nemishonga yemalaria kunogona kuponesa hupenyu.
Malaria inorapwa sei?
Patakanga takamirira mhinduro dzebvunzo, ndakakurukura nezvehurongwa hwekurapwa hwaAnil. "Kana chirwere ichi chikaratidza kuti une malaria, tichatanga newe kutora mishonga yekudzivirira malaria nekukasika," ndakadaro.
- Mishonga yeMalaria : "Mishonga inowanzo shandiswa inosanganisira mishonga yeArtemisinin (ACTs) inoshanda zvikuru pakurwisa P. falciparum ."
- Kutarisirwa muchipatara : "Muzviitiko zvakakomba, mishonga yemutsinga uye rubatsiro rwekutsigira zvinogona kudiwa."
Anil akabvunza kuti, “Ndichafanira kugara muchipatara here?”
"Hazvisi hazvo," ndakamunyaradza. "Kana zviratidzo zvako zvisina kunyanya kuipa uye ukabvuma zvakanaka mishonga inonwiwa, unogona kupora uri kumba. Asi tichakutarisa zvakanyanya kana paine matambudziko."
WHO inokurudzira ACTs senzira yekutanga yekurapa P. falciparum malaria iri nyore. Kune P. vivax naP . ovale , mushonga unonzi primaquine unoshandiswa kurwisa zvipembenene zvisina kurara.
Marariya Ingadzivirirwa Sei?
Anil asati aenda, akabvunza kuti, “Ndingaite sei kuti izvi zvisaitike zvakare?”
Ndakasimbisa kukosha kwekudzivirira:
- Mambure eUtsi : "Nguva dzose rarai pasi pemambure emubhedha akarapwa nemushonga wezvipembenene, kunyanya panguva yekuruma kwakanyanya husiku."
- Zvinodzinga ganda : "Shandisa mishonga inodzinga ganda ine DEET paganda rakashama."
- Zvipfeko : "Pfeka maoko marefu nebhurugwa kuti uderedze njodzi yekurumwa neumhutu."
- Kudzora Zvakatipoteredza : "Bvisa mvura isingamire yakatenderedza imba yako kuti ubvise nzvimbo dzekuberekera umhutu."
CDC inoratidza kuti mambure emubhedha anorapwa zvipembenene anogona kuderedza kutapurirana kwemalaria ne50%, zvichiita kuti ave chimwe chezvishandiso zvinobudirira zvekudzivirira zvirwere munzvimbo dzine malaria yakawanda.
Kupora kwaAnil
Kuongororwa kweropa kwakaratidza kuti Anil aive neP. vivax malaria, iyo, kunyange zvazvo isina kunyanya kuipa seP. falciparum , yaida kurapwa nekukurumidza. Mushure mekutanga mishonga, akadzokera kukiriniki vhiki imwe chete gare gare, achitaridzika zviri nani. "Ndatenda, Dr. Priya," akadaro achinyemwerera nekuonga. "Ndichave nechokwadi chekutevedzera mazano enyu ese."
Kupora kwake kwaive chiyeuchidzo chekukosha kwekuziva, kuongororwa nekukurumidza, uye kurapwa nenguva mukurwisa malaria.
Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa NezveMalaria
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Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvekutanga zvemalaria?
Zviratidzo zvepakutanga zvinosanganisira fivha, musoro, kurwadziwa kwetsandanyama, uye kuneta, zvinowanzoita sechirwere chakafanana nefuruu. Sezvo chirwere ichi chichienderera mberi, kutonhora nekudikitira zvinova pachena.
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Malaria inoonekwa sei?
Marariya inoonekwa kuburikidza nekuongororwa kweropa, zvakaita sekuongororwa nekukurumidza kana kuongororwa kweropa nemaikorosikopu, kuti zvionekwe kuti pane tupukanana.
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Malaria inogona kudzivirirwa here?
Ehe, marariya inogona kudzivirirwa nekushandisa mambure emubhedha akarapwa zvipembenene, mishonga inodzinga umhutu, uye mishonga yekudzivirira malaria kune vafambi vanoenda kunzvimbo dzine njodzi huru.
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Malaria inotapuriranwa here?
Kwete, marariya haiparadzirwi kubva kumunhu kuenda kune mumwe. Inotapuriranwa kuburikidza nekurumwa neumhutu hwechikadzi hunonzi Anopheles .
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Chii chinoitika kana malaria ikasarapwa?
Kana ikasarapwa, malaria inogona kukonzera matambudziko akakomba akadai semalaria yemuuropi, kutadza kushanda kweitsvo, uye kunyange rufu, kunyanya muzviitiko zvinokonzerwa neP . falciparum .
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Malaria inogona kudzokazve here mushure mekurapwa?
Ehe, mamwe marudzi emarariya, akadai seaya anokonzerwa neP . vivax naP . ovale , anogona kudzokera shure nekuda kwezvipembenene zvisina kurara muchiropa. Kurapa kwakawedzerwa neprimaquine kunodiwa kudzivirira kudzokazve kwechirwere.
