Tose tinoda mavara akanaka, handiti? Zvinofadza kunzwa kana ruvara rwakanaka rukawedzerwa kumadziro emba yedu, mbatya dzatinopfeka, nezvinhu zvatinoshandisa. Asi fungidzira, ko kana ruvara rwakanaka rwaunoda kushandisa rukazove chepfu inouraya? Nhasi ndichataura newe nezvenyaya inotyisa uye yechokwadi. Iyi inyaya yeruvara rwegirini rakareruka rakambotora England yese, asi panguva imwe chete richiuraya vanhu chinyararire.
Ruvara rwegirini runouraya rwaive kwese kwese
Nyaya iyi inotanga muEngland yezana remakore rechi19. Panguva iyoyo, neIndustrial Revolution, mafekitori kwese kwese, uye denga rakazara neutsi, vanhu vaifarira zvikuru ruvara rwegirini rwechisikigo. Panguva iyi, ruvara rwegirini runoyevedza, rwakajeka rwakatanga kuonekwa. Rwainzi 'Scheele's Green'. Ruvara urwu rwakatumidzwa zita remusayendisiti wekuSweden akaruwana muna 1778. Ruvara urwu rwakafarirwa zvekuti rwakashandiswa pane zvese kubva pamadziro eBuckingham Palace kusvika kumakavha emabhuku, mbatya, matoyi, zvishongo zvemakeke, uye masiwiti. Rwaive ruvara rwekuti "irwo" panguva iyoyo, kureva kuti, ruvara rwainyanya kufarirwa.
Asi shure kwerunako urwu kwaive nechakavanzika chinouraya. Pigment iyi yakagadzirwa nekusanganisa mhangura neokisijeni nechinhu chine chepfu chinonzi arsenic .
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, vanhu panguva iyoyo vaiisa chepfu iyi inouraya mudzimba dzavo uye kunyange mumiviri yavo vasingazive.
Chii chinonzi arsenic chaizvo?
Arsenic chinhu chinogona kuwanikwa zvakasikwa muvhu redu nemumvura yepasi. Panguva iyoyo, vanachiremba vaishandisawo arsenic muhuwandu hushoma kurapa zvirwere zvakaita sefivha, asthma,
uye eczema . Zvinoshamisa kuti, kunyange nhasi, chinhu chinonzi arsenic trioxide chinoshandiswa zvinobudirira semushonga wechemotherapy kurapa rudzi rwakanyanya rweleukemia, Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. Asi panguva imwe chete, vanhu vagara vachiziva kwemazana emakore kuti arsenic ichepfu inotyisa. Munhoroondo, yainziwo "mambo wechepfu" nekuti yaishandiswa kuuraya vavengi vemadzimambo muchivande. Nekuti haina hwema kana kuravira, inogona kusanganiswa nyore nyore mukudya nekunwa. Zvakare, sezvo zviratidzo zvekutanga zvechepfu yearsenic, zvakaita
sekusvotwa ,
kurutsa , uye
kurwadziwa mudumbu , zvakafanana nezviratidzo zvezvirwere zvakaita secholera, izvo zvaive zvakajairika panguva iyoyo, hapana aifungidzira kuti yaive mhondi.
Tsaona yaburitswa pachena
Kare muna 1839, nyanzvi yemakemikari yekuGermany yakanyevera nezveizvi. Akati kana Scheele's Green ikaturikwa mumakamuri ane hunyoro, inogona kuburitsa gasi rine chepfu. Nguva pfupi mushure mekunge mushumo iwoyo waburitswa, vana vana muLondon vakafa nekutadza kufema. Makamuri avo akanga achangobva kuturika nepepa iri regirini. Pepa iri parakazoedzwa, rakaonekwa kuti rine arsenic inouraya pa sikweya futi. Dzimwe rufu nezvirwere zvakakonzerwawo neruvara urwu rwegirini. Mumwe chiremba akawana arsenic mumadziro aya paakaongorora chokwadi chekuti aibuda mukamuri rake rine madziro egirini husiku hwese nekurwadziwa kwemudumbu, dzungu, uye kuda kurutsa. Akati, "Vanhu vazhinji muBritain vari kucheneswa zvishoma nezvishoma."
Chii chinoitika kana arsenic ikapinda mumuviri?
Kukuvadza kunoita arsenic mumuviri kunonyanya kuenderana nehuwandu (dose) inonwiwa. Ngationei kuti mhedzisiro yacho ndeipi.
| Hunhu hwemuchetura | Zviratidzo nemigumisiro |
|---|
| Kunwa poisoning ( kunwa yakawanda panguva imwe chete) | - Kutanga, matambudziko ekugaya chikafu (kuda kurutsa, kurutsa, kurwadziwa kwakanyanya mudumbu , manyoka ) anoitika.
- Kumanikidzwa kweropa kunodzikira kamwe kamwe.
- Kusarongeka kwerhythm yemoyo (arrhythmias) kunoitika.
- Kurasikirwa nemvura yakawanda mumuviri kunogona kukonzera kuvhunduka, kuora kwemwoyo , uye kunyange kufa mukati memaawa mashoma.
- Kana hupenyu hukasavapo, huwandu hwemasero machena nematsvuku eropa huchadzikira zvakanyanya mukati memazuva mashoma. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera peripheral neuropathy mumaoko netsoka, zvichikonzera kuzvimba, kusanzwa, uye pakupedzisira rufu.
|
| Kurwara kwenguva refu ( Chronic Poison ) | - Zvinowedzera njodzi yekubatwa nekenza yeganda, kenza yemapapu, uye kenza yedundira. Zvinogonawo kukonzera kenza yechiropa neitsvo.
- Zvinokonzera migumisiro yakawanda isiri yekenza. Zvinobatanidzwa neBP, chirwere cheshuga, uye chirwere chetsinga dzeropa muuropi.
- Humbowo hutsva hunoratidza kuti zvinogona kukanganisa hutano hwekubereka uye kukuvadza kukura kwepfungwa dzevana.
|
Panguva iyoyo, vanhu vaisanyatsonzwisisa migumisiro yenguva refu yearsenic. Asi vakaona zvimwe zvacho. Vakatozviratidza mumabhuku ekurapa nemakatuni emapepanhau, akadai sehyper-pigmentation uye body atrophy kubva mukufema arsenic kana kumedzwa.
Mugumo weruvara uye chidzidzo kwatiri
Pasinei nenyevero idzi, green wallpaper raive bhizinesi guru panguva iyoyo. Kunyangwe William Morris, mugadziri wemifananidzo yemadziro ane mukurumbira, akashandisa pigment. Kwete izvozvo chete, aivewo mugovani mukambani hombe yearsenic panguva iyoyo. Akaseka kutya kwearsenic achiti, "Zvakafanana nekutya varoyi." Zvisinei, muna 1879, muenzi wehumambo kuBuckingham Palace akarwara mushure mekurara mukamuri rine green wallpaper. Mushure mechiitiko ichi, Mambokadzi Victoria akarayira kuti
green wallpaper yese yaiva mumuzinda ibviswe . Zvishoma nezvishoma, ruzivo rweveruzhinji rwakapararira kuburikidza nemishumo yemapepanhau. Hurumende isati yagona kudzika mutemo, vanhu pachavo vakatanga kuramba zvigadzirwa zvine arsenic. Izvi zvakamanikidza vagadziri kugadzira colors dzakachengeteka.
Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha chatinonzwisisa kubva munyaya iyi ndechekuti hazvina kunaka kunyengerwa nerunako rwekunze rwechimwe chinhu. Izvi zvinoratidzawo kuti ruzivo rweveruzhinji rwakasimba sei panyaya dzehutano hweveruzhinji.
Kunyangwe nanhasi, zvakaoma kugadzira ruvara rwegirini rwechisikigo. Kunyangwe mamwe mavara egirini anoshandiswa nhasi haana hushamwari kune zvakatipoteredza. Kuedza kwevanhu kutevedzera zvisikwa kuchiri nengozi.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Dzimwe nguva panogona kuva nenjodzi dzakavanda dziri shure kwezvinhu zvinoita sezvakanaka, saka chenjera, kunyanya nezvinhu zvine makemikari.
- Arsenic ichepfu inouraya inogona kuuraya kana ikadyiwa yakawanda panguva imwe chete, uye inogona kukonzera kenza nezvimwe zvirwere zvakakomba kana ikadyiwa zvishoma nezvishoma.
- Kana iwe kana mumwe munhu waunoziva achifungidzira kuti ane chepfu, enda kuna chiremba nekukasika kana kuti bata National Poisons Information Centre paColombo National Hospital.Fonera National Poisons Information Centre.
- Kuzivisa veruzhinji nezve hutano kunogona kuva nesimba rakafanana, kana kutopfuura, mitemo nemitemo yehurumende.
Arsenic, chepfu yearsenic, Scheele's Green, chepfu, chepfu, zvirwere zvekare, nhoroondo yehutano
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