Ngaba nawe unemibuzo malunga nezinto ezibangela umhlaza? Masithethe ngale nto ngokulula!

Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngesihloko esibalulekileyo kubantu abaninzi, mhlawumbi esoyikisayo kancinci. Oko kukuthi, ii-carcinogens , okanye njengoko zibizwa ngesiNgesi, ``( Carcinogens )``. Mhlawumbi ukhe waliva eli gama ngaphambili, mhlawumbi kugqirha, okanye kwiphephandaba okanye kwiTV. Ngoko ke, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngokucacileyo nangaphandle komthwalo malunga nokuba zezi carcinogens ziyintoni, indlela ezichaphazela ngayo imizimba yethu, kunye nento esinokuyenza ngokwenene ukuzikhusela kuzo.

Zithini izinto ezibangela umhlaza?

Ngamafutshane, i-carcinogen yinto ethile, imitha, okanye kwanento ephilayo eyonyusa umngcipheko wakho wokuba nomhlaza. Cinga ngayo ngathi unokuba sengozini yokuwa ukuba udibana nomngxuma endleleni. Ezi carcinogens ziyafana, zonyusa umngcipheko wakho wokuba nomhlaza.

Okwangoku, iingcali zichonge izinto ezibangela umhlaza ezingaphezu kwe-100. Ezi zinokuba zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo:

• Izinto ezibangela umhlaza emzimbeni: Umzekelo, imisebe ye-ultraviolet evela elangeni.
• Iikhemikhali ezibangela umhlaza: Umzekelo, izinto ezifana ne-asbestos .
• Izinto ezibangela umhlaza kwindalo: Umzekelo, ezinye izifo ezibangelwa yintsholongwane zinokubangela umhlaza.

Kodwa into ebalulekileyo apha kukuba ukuba sesichengeni somhlaza, oko kukuthi, ukudibana nawo, akuthethi ukuba uza kuba nomhlaza. Kwiimeko ezininzi, zininzi izinto ezinegalelo ekuphuhlisweni komhlaza. Kwakhona, nangona singenakuziphepha ngokupheleleyo ezinye izinto ezibangela umhlaza, kukho izinto esinokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokufumana umhlaza kuzo. Siza kuthetha ngaloo nto kamva.

Ii-carcinogens zibangela njani umhlaza?

Ukuze sikuqonde oku, kufuneka sazi kancinci malunga nolwalamano oluphakathi kwezinto ezibangela umhlaza kunye nezinto zemfuza emizimbeni yethu, oko kukuthi, i-DNA yethu.

Ibali elincinci malunga nemizimba yethu: i-DNA kunye ne-genes

Khawuthelekelele, imizimba yethu ifana nomzi-mveliso omkhulu. Lo mzi-mveliso uneseti yemiyalelo yokwenza yonke into. Elo seti yemiyalelo yiDNA yethu. Le DNA ikwizakhi zofuzo zethu. Ezi zakhi zofuzo yimiyalelo yokwenza iiproteni ezilawula yonke into emzimbeni wethu, njengokuthi iiseli kufuneka zikhule njani, ukuba zahlulwe njani, kunye nomsebenzi ekufuneka ziwenze.

Ngoku, xa i-carcinogen ingena emzimbeni, ngamanye amaxesha yonakalisa i-DNA yethu. Kufana nokudala iimpazamo kwimiyalelo. Kwenzeka ntoni emva koko? Imiyalelo ayisebenzi kakuhle, kwaye iseli ebisebenza ngokuqhelekileyo iqala ukujika ibe yiseli yomhlaza. Oku akwenzeki ngaxeshanye, kwenzeka enye emva kwenye, njenge-chain reaction.

Inkqubo yokwakheka komhlaza

Ezinye izinto ezibangela umhlaza ziyonakalisa ngqo i-DNA yethu, nto leyo ebangela ukuba iyeke ukusebenza kakuhle. Ngamanye amaxesha, imizimba yethu inenkqubo elungisa umonakalo we-DNA. Kodwa izinto ezibangela umhlaza azikwazi nokwenza ezo seli zilungise ukuba zenze umsebenzi wazo ngokufanelekileyo.

Le DNA ingalungiswanga, yonakeleyo inokubangela utshintsho kwezinye iijini. Oko kukuthi, utshintsho kwiijini. Ngokwezi nguqu, ezo jini ziqala ukuthumela imiyalelo engalunganga kwiiseli. Umzekelo, imiyalelo efana nokuthi "yahlula kakhulu, yahlula ngokungalawulekiyo." Kulapho iiseli zahlulahlula ngokungalawulekiyo kwaye zenze iithumba ezinomhlaza , okanye izinto ezifana nomhlaza wegazi.

Kodwa khumbula, oku akwenzeki ngobusuku obunye. Ii-carcinogens ziyaqokelelana emizimbeni yethu ngokuhamba kwexesha, kwaye kungathatha iminyaka ngaphambi kokuba umhlaza uqale ukukhula.

Ndingayifumana njani i-cancer?

Kukho amaxesha apho sinokuchaphazeleka zizinto ezibangela umhlaza singaqondanga. Nazi imizekelo embalwa:

• Ngenxa yemikhwa ethile yokuphila: Ukusetyenziswa kwecuba (njengokutshaya icuba , ukuhlafuna icuba) ngumzekelo ophambili woku.
• Emsebenzini: Ezinye iifektri zisebenzisa iikhemikhali ezibangela umhlaza ukwenza iimveliso, ezinokubangela abasebenzi ukuba bazibone.
• Ngenxa yezifo ezithile zentsholongwane: Umzekelo, iHuman Papillomavirus (HPV) inokubangela iintlobo ezithile zomhlaza.

Kubalulekile: Khumbula, ukuba sesichengeni somhlaza akuthethi ukuba uza kuba nomhlaza.

Izinto ezonyusa umngcipheko womhlaza

Nokuba unesifo somhlaza, kukho ezinye izinto ezininzi ezibangela umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza:

• Ukuvezwa ixesha elide kwi-carcinogen: Khawucinge nje, ukuba umntu ebetshaya iminyaka emininzi, okanye ukuba uhlala ekunye nabantu abatshayayo (oku kubizwa ngokuba 'ngumsi osetyenziswa ngomnye umntu'), unamathuba amaninzi okuba nomhlaza kunomntu ongatshayiyo nongahlali kwindawo enjalo.
• Ukuchanabeka kakhulu kwi-carcinogen:Umzekelo, ukusela utywala kakhulu kwandisa umngcipheko womhlaza. Ngokutsho kwe-American Cancer Society, kungcono ukunciphisa iziselo ezimbini ngosuku kumadoda kunye nesiselo esinye ngosuku kubafazi.
• Utshintsho lwemfuza (oluzuzwe njengelifa): Ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza (phakathi kwe-5% kunye ne-12%) zizuzwe njengelifa. Oku kuthetha ukuba abantu bazalwa benotshintsho lwemfuza olubangela umhlaza. Ukuba umntu uchaphazeleka kwi-carcinogens, umngcipheko wakhe wokuba nomhlaza uyanda nangakumbi.

Ngubani ogqibayo ukuba into ethile ibangela umhlaza?

Oku akuyonto inokugqitywa ngokungxama. Kukho amaziko amakhulu amaninzi ehlabathini aqhuba uphando ngale nto aze afumanise ukuba into ethile inokubangela umhlaza okanye ingaba ngumhlaza. Inkqubo yeSizwe yokuTyhefu (i-NTP) eMelika kunye ne-International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) zizikhungo ezimbini ezinkulu ezinjalo.

Ezi arhente zihlala zenza ezi zigqibo ngokuhlalutya idatha evela kwiimvavanyo zelebhu kunye nophando lwe-epidemiological. Umzekelo, i-IARC isandula ukuchonga izinto ezili-122 ezibangela umhlaza, ezingama-93 ezinokubangela umhlaza, kunye nezingama-319 ezinokubangela umhlaza. La manani ahlaziywa rhoqo, njengoko kusenziwa uphando olutsha.

Ziziphi iintlobo ze-carcinogens?

I-IARC yahlula ii-carcinogens zibe ziindidi ezintathu eziphambili:

1. Izinto ezibangela umhlaza emzimbeni:

• Imitha ye-ultraviolet evela elangeni.
• I-ionizing radiation: Oku kunokuvela kwigesi ye-radon efumaneka emakhayeni, okanye kwiimvavanyo zonyango ezifana nee-X-ray.

2. Iikhemikhali ezibangela umhlaza:

• I-Asbestos .
• Umsi wecuba.
• Iziselo ezinxilisayo.
• I-Aflatoxin : Olu luhlobo lwesikhunta esikhula ekutyeni.
• I-Arsenic : Oku kunokufumaneka ngokwemvelo emoyeni, emanzini, nasemhlabeni.

3. Izinto ezibangela umhlaza kwibhayoloji:

• Usulelo olubangelwa ziintsholongwane ezithile, iibhaktheriya, okanye iiparasite .

Zeziphi izinto ezibangela umhlaza ezixhaphakileyo phakathi kwethu?

Nazi ezinye izinto ezibangela umhlaza esinokudibana nazo kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla, okanye ekufuneka siziqaphele:

• Iziselo ezinxilisayo: Utywala bubungqina bokuba bubangela umhlaza. Okukhona usela kakhulu, kokukhona umngcipheko wakho wokuba neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza, kuquka umhlaza wentloko nentamo, umhlaza wesibindi, kunye nomhlaza womqala.
• Iimveliso zecuba:Ayizizo kuphela iicuba, i-bidis, kunye neecuba, kodwa necuba elingenamsi (elifana necuba elihlafunwayo) kunye nokutshaya umsi osetyenziswa ngomnye umntu kuyandisa kakhulu umngcipheko womhlaza.
• Imitha ye-UV: Le mitha ivela elangeni kwaye inokubangela umhlaza wolusu. Ingakhutshwa nakwezinye iindlela zonyango lwemitha.
• Igesi yeRadon: Le yigesi engenambala, engenavumba. Le gesi inokufumaneka ngaphakathi kwezakhiwo ezifana namakhaya, izikolo, kunye neeofisi. IRadon yeyona nto yesibini ebangela umhlaza wemiphunga.
• I-Asbestos: I-Asbestos yayisetyenziswa kakhulu njenge-insulation kwizakhiwo ngaphambili. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba ikhona kwizakhiwo ezakhiwe ngaphambi kowe-1989. I-Asbestos inokubangela i-mesothelioma , uhlobo lomhlaza olubangela umhlaza wemiphunga, umhlaza we-laryngeal, kunye nomhlaza wesibeleko.
• I-Formaldehyde: Uphando lufumanise ukuba abantu abachaphazeleka ngamanqanaba aphezulu e-formaldehyde kwiindawo ezithile zokusebenza (umzekelo, iilebhu, ezinye iifektri) banomngcipheko omkhulu wokufumana i-acute myeloid leukemia kunye nomhlaza ongaqhelekanga wemingxunya yempumlo kunye neesinuses.
• Inyama elungisiweyo: Ukutya rhoqo inyama etyutywe ityuwa, etshayiweyo, okanye egcinwe ngenye indlela (umz., iisoseji, ibhekoni, iham) kuye kwanxulunyaniswa nomhlaza we-colorectal.

Ungayinciphisa njani indlela yokubeka ubomi bakho kwi-carcinogens?

Ngelishwa, asinakuziphepha zonke izinto ezibangela umhlaza, kodwa sinokuzikhusela kwezo siyaziyo ukuba zinokuthintelwa.

• Kuphephe ngokupheleleyo ukusebenzisa icuba. Ukuba uyatshaya, cela uncedo lokuyeka.
• Nciphisa okanye uyeke ngokupheleleyo ukusela utywala.
• Gonyelwa iintsholongwane ekucingelwa ukuba zibangela umhlaza. Umzekelo, ugonyo lwe-HPV.
• Khusela ulusu lwakho elangeni nakwezinye iindawo eziphuma kwimitha ye-ultraviolet (umz., ukusebenzisa isambulela xa uselangeni elinamandla, ukusebenzisa i-sunscreen).
• Landela ukutya okunempilo. Nciphisa ukutya okucutshungulwayo kwaye utye imifuno neziqhamo ezininzi.
• Ukuba usebenza ngeekhemikhali emsebenzini, landela imigaqo yokhuseleko ngokuchanekileyo.

Ufanele ufune nini ingcebiso kagqirha?

Ukuba usebenzisa icuba okanye usela utywala rhoqo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthetha nogqirha wakho. Ugqirha wakho unokukunika iingcebiso ngeenkqubo zokukunceda uyeke ukutshaya kunye neendlela zokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kotywala.

Ungabuza ugqirha wakho malunga nomngcipheko wakho wokuba nomhlaza ebomini bakho bonke. Ukuba usemngciphekweni omkhulu womhlaza othile, ungazama ukuphepha ii-carcinogens ezinxulumene nomhlaza.

Ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba wenze uvavanyo oluthile lomhlaza.

Khumbula, ukuqaphela izinto ezibangela umhlaza kunye nokwazi indlela yokuzikhusela kuzo kuya kukunceda ugcine impilo yakho iyonke. Kuya kukunika noxolo lwengqondo ukuze ukwazi ukuphila ngaphandle koloyiko olungeyomfuneko.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Izinto ezibangela umhlaza esithethe ngazo zizinto ezinokubangela umhlaza. Zingaphezulu kwe-100 zazo. Sinokuzibona kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla. Umzekelo, amanzi esiwaselayo anokuba nee-arsenic ezincinci, ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet okuvela elangeni kuyingozi enkulu, kwaye ezinye iikhemikhali zasekhaya zinokuba nee-carcinogens.

Usenokuba ucinga, "Owu, ndingazi njani konke oku? Andinakukwazi ukubona le ngozi." Oko kuyaqondakala. Kodwa uphando lubonise ukuba izinto ezisibeka emngciphekweni omkhulu womhlaza zizinto esinokuzilawula, izinto ezinxulumene nendlela esiphila ngayo. Umzekelo, icuba liyi-carcinogen enkulu enxulunyaniswa nee-cancer ezininzi. Ungawunciphisa kakhulu loo mngcipheko ngokuyeka.

Ukuba unenkxalabo malunga nokuba usengozini yokuhlaselwa zizinto ezibangela umhlaza, eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukubona ugqirha uze uthethe ngayo. Ugqirha wakho uza kujonga imeko yakho iyonke aze achaze umngcipheko wakho. Ulwazi ngamandla. Ukwazi ukuba yintoni umngcipheko wakho kunye nendlela yokunciphisa loo mngcipheko kunokukunceda wenze izigqibo malunga nempilo yakho kwaye kukunike uxolo lwengqondo.

IiCarcinogens , umhlaza, impilo, ukuthintela izifo, i-DNA, imikhwa yendlela yokuphila, ukutshaya