Ngaba wakha waziva ngathi umntwana wakho unengxaki yokufunda incwadi, ulahleka kwiileta, okanye uswele amagama? Okanye uziva ngathi uyadideka kwaye akaphumli, akakwazi ukugxila ? Abazali badla ngokubhidanisa ezi meko zimbini, i-ADHD kunye ne-Dyslexia. Nangona iimpawu zezi zimbini ngamanye amaxesha zinokubonakala zifana, ezi ziimeko ezimbini ezahlukeneyo ezinxulumene nokusebenza kwengqondo. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu banokuba nazo zombini ezi meko ngaxeshanye. Ngoko masithethe ngale nto ngokuchanekileyo nangokulula namhlanje kwaye sisombulule le ngxaki.
Yintoni ubudlelwane phakathi kwe-ADHD kunye ne-Dyslexia?
Ngamafutshane, i-Dyslexia yingxaki yokufunda. Ichaphazela kakhulu ubuchule bokuqonda ulwimi olubhaliweyo noluthethwayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba kuba nzima ukuqonda oonobumba, ukufunda amagama, nokuqonda intsingiselo yawo.
Kwelinye icala, i-ADHD (Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder) yimeko ebonakaliswa yenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu zilandelayo: ubunzima bokugcina ingqalelo, ukusebenza kakhulu, kunye nobunzima bokulawula ukungasebenzi.
Nangona ezi zimbini zahlukile, kukho unxibelelwano olumangalisayo phakathi kwazo. Khawucinge nje, ukuba uthatha abantu abali-10 abane-Dyslexia, malunga nabathathu kubo baya kuba ne -ADHD . Kwakhona, umntu one-ADHD unamathuba aphindwe kathandathu okuba nokukhubazeka kokufunda okufana ne-Dyslexia kunomntu oqhelekileyo.
Kodwa oku akuthethi ukuba i-dyslexia ibangela i-ADHD, kwaye akuthethi ukuba i-ADHD ibangela i-dyslexia. Ezi azibangeli enye kwenye.
Zombini ezi meko zineempawu ezininzi ezifanayo kunye nezinto ezinobungozi.
Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo kunye nezinto ezinobungozi
- Ilifa: Zombini ezi meko zinokusebenza kwiintsapho. Malunga nesiqingatha sabantu abane -ADHD banelungu lentsapho elinale meko. I-Dyslexia ikwanonxibelelwano olufanayo lwemfuza malunga nama-30% amatyala.
- Iimpawu zoBuchongo: Ulwakhiwo kunye nekhemistri yobuchopho babantu abane-ADHD kunye ne-Dyslexia zahlukile kancinci kwezo zabantu abangenayo le meko. Umzekelo, ezinye iindawo zobuchopho zisenokungasebenzi kangako kubantwana abane-ADHD. Kwakhona, kukho izithunywa zeekhemikhali kwingqondo yethu ezithwala ulwazi, esizibiza ngokuba zii-neurotransmitters . Ezi zinokusebenza ngendlela eyahlukileyo kancinci kubantu abane-ADHD. Ukuba ujonga imifanekiso yobuchopho yabantu abane-dyslexia, ungabona ukuba icala lasekhohlo lobuchopho alisebenzi kangako.
- Ezinye Izinto Ezibangela Umngcipheko:Ukuvezwa kumama ekutshayeni okanye ekuseleni utywala ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kunye nokuzalwa okuncinci, kwandisa umngcipheko wezi meko zombini. Ukuvezwa kwiityhefu ezifana ne-lead kunokubangela i-ADHD, kodwa ayinayo impembelelo efanayo kwi-dyslexia. I-Dyslexia inokubangelwa nangumonakalo wobuchopho, njenge-stroke.
Iimpawu: Zithini kanye kanye izinto ezifanayo nezahlukileyo?
Asinguye wonke umntu one-ADHD okanye i-Dyslexia oneempawu ezifanayo. Wonke umntu wahlukile. Kodwa kukho amaxesha apho iimpawu zezi meko zombini zinokufana. Makhe sijonge le theyibhile ukuze siqonde lo mahluko ngokucacileyo.
| Uphawu | Indlela I-Dyslexia Ebonakala Ngayo | I-ADHD ibonakala njani |
|---|---|---|
| Ubunzima bokufunda | Kuthatha ixesha elide ukuqonda nokubhala oonobumba bamagama. Amagama anokubizwa ngendlela engafanelekanga. Umzekelo, igama elithi 'bat' linokubizwa ngokuthi 'tab'. | Isantya sokufunda sisenokucotha, kodwa amagama adla ngokufundwa ngokuchanekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokungakhathalelwa, iikoma, iimpawu zokubhala, kunye neziphelo zamagama kwisivakalisi zisenokungafumaneki. Usenokulibala apho ufunda khona. |
| Ubunzima bokubhala | Kunzima ukupela ngokuchanekileyo. Kunzima ukuphonononga oko ukubhalileyo. Kunzima ukubhala ngezivakalisi ezihambelanayo nezisebenzisa igrama ngokuchanekileyo. | Eyona ngxaki inkulu kukucwangcisa izimvo engqondweni yakho nokuzibhala phantsi. Kunzima ukufumana iimpazamo kwinto oyibhalileyo. Kunokuba nzima kuni nobabini ukubhala kakuhle. |
| Ukulibala | Izinto eziqhelekileyo ekufuneka uzilibale ziindawo. Usenokubiza igama lomntu ngendlela engafanelekanga. Usenokubhidanisa amagama avakala ngendlela efanayo (umz. 'ikhitshi' kunye 'nenkukhu'). | Ukulibala kunokuchaphazela ubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla. Umzekelo, ungalibala idinga elibalulekileyo, ungangakwazi ukufumana izitshixo okanye ibhegi yakho, okanye ungakhumbuli iziganeko zasebuntwaneni bakho. |
| Iingxaki zokuqwalaselwa | Ngenxa yokuba ukufunda kufuna umgudu omkhulu wengqondo, uziva udiniwe kakhulu emva kwexesha elithile. Loo ngxaki yenza kube nzima ukuhlala ugxile. | Uphawu oluqhelekileyo kukulahlekelwa yingqwalasela. Ingqondo iphazanyiswa yiyo yonke into encinci ejikeleze yona. Ingakumbi xa usenza imisebenzi ekruqulayo nephindaphindayo okanye umamele umntu ethetha, ingqwalasela iyalahleka ngokupheleleyo. |
Umahluko ophambili phakathi kwezi zimbini kukuba imeko ye-ADHD engalawulekiyo inokuchaphazela iinkalo ezininzi zobomi bakho. Inokubangela iingxaki ezininzi, njengokungakwazi ukugqiba imisebenzi ngexesha emsebenzini, iingxabano ezihlala zikhona nosapho kunye nabantu obathandayo, ubunzima bokuphatha imali, kunye nobunzima bokufezekisa uxanduva lwemihla ngemihla. Impembelelo ye-Dyslexia ikhawulelwe kakhulu kwimisebenzi yezemfundo kunye neyolwimi.
Ungalufumana njani uncedo nenkxaso?
Ukuba ucinga ukuba wena, umntwana wakho, okanye umntu omaziyo unale mpawu, musa ukoyika . Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukubona ugqirha ofanelekileyo (ugqirha) ukuze akunike iingcebiso, endaweni yokuqikelela nje.
Ugqirha uza kwenza uvavanyo olufunekayo aze athethe nawe ukuze afumanise ukuba zeziphi kwezi meko zimbini onazo ngokwenene, okanye ukuba unazo zombini na. Ukuzixilonga kuya kubangela ukudideka okungakumbi.
Ukuba ne-ADHD okanye i-Dyslexia akuthethi ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho aninabo ubukrelekrele, ubuvila, okanye umdla. Ngumahluko omncinci kwindlela ingqondo ecubungula ngayo ulwazi. Ngenkxaso kunye namaqhinga afanelekileyo, aba bantu banokujamelana nobomi ngempumelelo.
Ukuba ungumntu omdala osebenzayo kwaye ezi meko ziphazamisana nomsebenzi wakho, ungathetha nomqeshi wakho ngaloo nto kwaye ufumane indawo yokunceda xa kuyimfuneko. Umzekelo, ukucela ixesha elongezelelweyo lokugqiba umsebenzi. Ukuba ungumntwana, ungathetha nootitshala besikolo sakho ngale nto kwaye ufumane uncedo lokwenza imfundo yomntwana wakho ibe lula. Khumbula, ukucela uncedo akubonisi ubuthathaka.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-AD HD kunye ne-Dyslexia ziimeko ezimbini ezahlukeneyo, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha zinokuphila ixesha elinye.
- Nangona iimpawu zazo zombini (umz., ubunzima bokufunda) zinokubonakala zifana, unobangela wolo phawu wahlukile.
- Ukuba nezi meko akuthethi ukuba uswele ingqondo okanye umdla, kodwa kukutshintsha nje ukusebenza kwengqondo.
- Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho ninamathandabuzo malunga noku, kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha ukuze ufumane uxilongo oluchanekileyo kunye nesikhokelo, endaweni yokuqikelela.
- Ngokuchongwa kakuhle kunye nenkxaso, abantu abane-ADHD okanye i-Dyslexia banokuphila ubomi obuphumelelayo nobanelisayo.
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