Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva uloyiko olukhulu kunye nokubetheka esifubeni sakho xa ucinga ngokuphuma endlwini, ukuya evenkileni, okanye ukukhwela ibhasi? Ngaba uzifumana ukwiindawo apho uziva ngathi awunakuya naphi na wedwa kwaye kungekho mntu ukukunceda? Ukuba kunjalo, le yingongoma enokuba ibaluleke kakhulu kuwe. Le meko siyibiza ngokuba yi-Agoraphobia . Oku akukokoyika nje kuphela, yimeko yempilo yengqondo efuna unyango.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-Agoraphobia?
I-Agoraphobia sisifo sokuxhalaba esibangela ukuba ube noloyiko olukhulu lokuba kwiimeko ezithile ngaphandle kwekhaya lakho, ingakumbi iindawo apho unokufumanisa kunzima ukuphuma ngequbuliso kwaye apho unokungabi nakho ukufumana uncedo. Olu loyiko luhlala luhamba noloyiko lokuba noloyiko kwindawo onokuba noloyiko kuyo.
Iimpawu zingaqala kokungakhululeki okuncinci ukuya ekusongeleni ubomi. Nangona abanye abantu banokuya kwiindawo ezimbalwa abaziqhelileyo, abanye banokuba buhlungu kakhulu kangangokuba abakwazi nokuphuma endlwini.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba umntu one- agoraphobia akoyiki ukuba abanye abantu baza kucinga ntoni ngaye, kodwa uloyiko lokuba uza kuba sengozini kuloo ndawo kwaye uza kuba buthathaka ngaphandle koncedo.
Ngaba i-Agoraphobia kunye neNgxaki yeNtlalo ziyafana?
Ewe, aba babini bahluke kancinci. Umntu onexhala loluntu uyoyika ukuhlazeka phambi kwabanye nokugwetywa. Kodwa kwi-Agoraphobia, uloyiko luxhomekeke kukhuseleko lwakhe. Masichaze ngakumbi lo mahluko ngetheyibhile engezantsi.
| Imeko | Isizathu soloyiko |
|---|---|
| I-Agoraphobia | Uloyiko lokubhajwa ndaweni ithile, ukungakwazi ukuphuma, ukungabi nancedo, okanye ukuhlaselwa luloyiko. |
| Ixhala leNtlalo | Ukoyika ukuhlazeka phambi kwabanye, ukoyika ukugwetywa ngabantu, ukuhlekwa. |
Kutheni le meko isenzeka?
Oogqirha abanakutsho ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba yintoni ebangela oku, kodwa bachonge izinto ezininzi ezibangela umngcipheko.
- Imbali yosapho : Ukuba umntu kusapho lwakho, ingakumbi umntakwenu, unale meko, nawe unethuba elikhulu lokuba nayo ibe nayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba kunokubakho impembelelo yemfuza.
- Ingxaki Yokuxhalaba okanye Ukuhlaselwa Yintlungu: Ukuba unembali yokuhlaselwa yintlungu, inokukhokelela kwi-Agoraphobia. Khawuthelekelele ukuba uhlaselwa yintlungu evenkileni. Emva koko uqala ukoyika ukuya ezitolo kuba ucinga ukuba kuya kuphinda kwenzeke. Njengoko uphepha iindawo ezikoyikisayo, inokukhula kancinci kancinci ibe yi-Agoraphobia.
- Ezinye iingxaki zempilo yengqondo: Le ngozi ikwanyuswa naziimeko ezifana neengxaki zokuxhalaba ezinganyangwanga, ukudakumba, kunye ne-phobias (uloyiko olugqithisileyo ngezinye izinto).
- Amava obomi abuhlungu: Iziganeko ezixinzelelekileyo, ingakumbi ukuxhatshazwa kwabantwana, ukufa komzali , ukulahlekelwa ngumsebenzi, kunye noqhawulo-mtshato, zinokubangela esi simo.
Ziziphi iimpawu ze-agoraphobia?
Ukuba une-agoraphobia, usenokuba noloyiko olukhulu kunye nexhala ngamanye amaxesha. Ezi mpawu ziyahluka kumntu nomntu. Makhe sijonge iimpawu eziphambili.
| Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ezinxulumene ne-agoraphobia | |
|---|---|
| Iimeko neendawo ezibangela uloyiko | |
| |
| Iimpawu zomzimba (ezifana nokuhlaselwa luloyiko) | |
| |
| Iimpawu zengqondo kunye nokuziphatha | |
|
Ngaba oku kuyenzeka nasebantwaneni?
Ewe, abantwana banokuba ne-agoraphobia. Le meko inokubonwa ngokuhlaselwa luloyiko, ingakumbi kubantwana abancinci. Ukuba umntwana unale meko, unokuziva enoloyiko olukhulu xa ehlukene nabazali bakhe, kwiindawo ezixineneyo, emgceni, okanye ehamba phezu kwebhulorho. Ukuba umntwana wakho unezi mpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha uze uthethe ngayo.
Ungazi njani ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba esi sisifo?
Xa ubona ugqirha wakho, akayi kuthi yi-Agoraphobia ngoko nangoko. Into yokuqala aza kuyenza kukujonga ezinye iimeko zomzimba ezinokubangela ezi mpawu.
- Baza kukuxilonga baze bakubuze ngononophelo ngeempawu zakho.
- Kunokwenziwa uvavanyo lwegazi oluninzi.
- Uvavanyo (olufana ne-ECG) lunokwenziwa ukujonga naziphi na iingxaki zentliziyo okanye imiphunga.
Nje ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukuba akukho sizathu somzimba, ugqirha uza kukubuza ngemeko yakho yengqondo kunye nendlela olu loyiko oluchaphazela ngayo ubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla. Ungathunyelwa kwingcali yezengqondo okanye kwingcali yezengqondo.
Ukuze uxilongwe, kufuneka ube noloyiko olugqithisileyo ubuncinane lweemeko ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu kwezo zoyikekayo ezidweliswe apha ngasentla. Kwakhona, olu loyiko kufuneka lube nempembelelo enkulu emsebenzini wakho, kwimfundo, okanye kubudlelwane bakho nabantu.
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. I-Agoraphobia yimeko enokunyangeka kwaye ilawulwe kakuhle. Ngoko ke ungoyiki. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zonyango.
1. Unyango lokuthetha
Eyona ndlela isebenzayo yokwenza oku kukusebenzisa i-Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) . Ngamafutshane, ingcali yezengqondo ikunceda uchonge kwaye utshintshe iipatheni zengcinga ezimbi ezibangela uloyiko lwakho. Ikwakufundisa izinto ezifana nokuzilolonga ukuphefumla ukukunceda uzole xa uziva usoyika.
Njengenxalenye ye-CBT, senza into ebizwa ngokuba yi-Exposure Therapy . Esikwenzayo kukuqhelisela ukujonga iindawo ozoyikayo ngononophelo, inyathelo ngenyathelo, nangokukhuselekileyo. Okokuqala, mhlawumbi siza kukuxelela ukuba ucinge ngokuya evenkileni, emva koko siza kukuxelela ukuba uye emnyango wevenkile, emva koko siza kukuxelela ukuba ungene ngaphakathi kancinci. Ngale ndlela, siza kukunceda woyise uloyiko lwakho.
2. Unyango ngamayeza
Kwezinye iimeko, amayeza anikwa kunye nonyango lokuthetha.
- Amayeza okudakumba: Udidi lwamayeza asetyenziswa kakhulu yi -SSRIs (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors) . Imizekelo ibandakanya iFluoxetine, iSertraline, kunye ne-Escitalopram. Ezi kufuneka zithathwe yonke imihla, kwaye kungathatha iiveki ezininzi ukuze zivakale ngokupheleleyo.
- Amayeza okulwa nokuxhalaba: IiBenzodiazepines (umz. iAlprazolam, iClonazepam) zinokumiselwa ukuba zisetyenziswe xa kukho uhlaselo loloyiko olukhawulezileyo. Nangona kunjalo , ezi kufuneka zisetyenziswe ngononophelo olukhulu kwaye zisetyenziswe ixesha elifutshane kuphela, kuba zinomngcipheko wokulutha.
Zonke ezi ndlela zonyango kufuneka zigqitywe ngugqirha wakho ngokwemeko yakho. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphepha ukuthatha amayeza wedwa.
Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ayinyangwa?
Ukuba ayinyangwa, i-agoraphobia inokuchaphazela yonke into ebomini bakho.
- Ungabanjwa ekhaya kwaye ube wedwa.
- Imisebenzi nemfundo zinokuphazamiseka ngokupheleleyo.
- Unxibelelwano nabantu lusenokuphela.
- Ezinye izifo zengqondo ezifana nokudakumba zinokubakho.
- Usenokuba likhoboka lotywala okanye iziyobisi.
- Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, iingcinga zokuzibulala zinokubakho.
Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo uneengcinga zokuzilimaza, nceda uye kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) elikufutshane nawe ngoko nangoko okanye utsalele umnxeba iNational Institute of Mental Health ku-1926 ukuze ufumane uncedo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Agoraphobia ayisiyonto nje yokoyika, kodwa sisifo sokuxhalaba esinokunyangeka.
- Uloyiko oluphambili koku kukuziva ubambeke ndaweni ithile kwaye ungenakunceda ngaphandle koncedo.
- Le meko inokulawulwa ngempumelelo kakhulu ngeCognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) kunye namayeza.
- Ukuba unale mpawu, ungoyiki okanye ube neentloni zokubona ugqirha ucele uncedo. Awuwedwa.
- Ukuba ilungu losapho okanye umhlobo wakho unale meko, mncede ayiqonde kwaye umthumelele unyango.
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