Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane awasebenzi? Oku kumalunga nokunganyamezelani namayeza okubulala iintsholongwane!

Xa uye kugqirha ngenxa yomkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, okanye usulelo, ngamanye amaxesha bakunika i-antibiotic, akunjalo? Ngoko ke, ucinga ukuba yonke i-antibiotic oyinikayo iya kuhlala isebenza ngendlela efanayo? Oko akuyonyani. Ngamanye amaxesha, izinto ezincinci ezibizwa ngokuba ziibhaktheriya ziyaqhelana nale antibiotics zize ziqale ukumelana nayo. Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-antibiotic resistance . Eli libali elinzulu, kodwa masiligcine lilula.

Yintoni le ingamelaniyo ne-antibiotic?

Ngamafutshane, ukumelana neentsholongwane kukwazi kweentsholongwane ukumelana neentsholongwane ezenzelwe ukuzibulala okanye ukuthintela ukukhula kwazo. Oku kuthetha ukuba usulelo lweentsholongwane olwalunganyangeki lula ngaphambili ngoku luba nzima kakhulu ukunyanga.

Oku kuyinxalenye yodidi olukhulu olubizwa ngokuba yi -antimicrobial resistance . Iifungi, iiparasites, kunye neentsholongwane nazo zinokumelana namayeza.

Into ebalulekileyo kukuba, asingomzimba wakho ofumana ukumelana neentsholongwane, ziintsholongwane! Xa oku kusenzeka, inani leentsholongwane ezilwa nentsholongwane ezisebenza nxamnye nentsholongwane ethile liyancipha. Ezinye iintsholongwane zinokunceda, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba neendlela ezininzi zonyango kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ingakumbi kwiintsholongwane ezinzulu, ukuqala amayeza afanelekileyo ngokukhawuleza kunokuba luncedo kakhulu. Cinga nje, ukuba ugqirha uthatha ixesha elide ukufumana amayeza afanelekileyo kuwe, ukugula kungaya kusiba mandundu, akunjalo?

Kutheni oku kuyingozi kangaka?

Ukunganyangeki kwee-antibiotic kuyingozi kuba kunciphisa iindlela zonyango lwakho xa ugula. Kunokulibazisa nonyango olufanelekileyo. Oku kunokukushiya une:

• Umngcipheko okhulayo wokugula okanye ukufa okunzima, ixesha elide.
• Iziphumo ezibi kakhulu zamayeza.
• Ukuhlala ixesha elide esibhedlele.
• Ukufuneka ndibone oogqirha rhoqo.
• Ukunyuka kweendleko zonyango.

Iingcali zempilo yoluntu kunye nabenzi bomgaqo-nkqubo kwihlabathi liphela basebenza nzima ukufumana izisombululo koku. Kodwa akukho sisombululo silula. Ukutshintsha oku, sidinga umanyano kunye nenkxaso yethu sonke. Ngokuqaphela oku, ungathatha amanyathelo okuzikhusela wena, abantu obathandayo, kunye nabanye abaninzi ongazange ubabone.

Ivela njani le ntsholongwane yokumelana namayeza okubulala iintsholongwane?

Iintsholongwane zihlala zichasana namayeza ngokuhamba kwexesha. Kodwa ezinye izinto zinokukhawulezisa le nkqubo. Nazi ezinye zazo:

Ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kwee-antibiotics

Isizathu esikhulu soku kukuba usebenzisa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane xa ungazidingi ngokwenene. Cinga ngako, uninzi lwemiqala ebuhlungu ibangelwa ziintsholongwane. Ngoko ke amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane awasebenzi. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuthatha amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kuphela xa ugqirha ekunika wona.

Ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kwee-antibiotics

Iintsholongwane zihlala zikhangela naliphi na ithuba lokwanda. Ukuba ulibele ukuthatha i-antibiotic ngexesha, yeka ukuyithatha ngaphambi kokuba ugqirha akuxelele, okanye usebenzise amayeza omnye umntu, iintsholongwane zingaqala ukuphinda zande kwakhona. Xa ziphindaphindeka ngolu hlobo, ukwakheka kwazo kwemfuza, okanye i-DNA, kunokutshintsha. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-mutation . Iintsholongwane ezitshintshe ngale ndlela ziyanda ukumelana neyeza. Ii-antibiotics zinokubulala kuphela iintsholongwane ezingatshintshanga, zishiye iintsholongwane ezinganyangekiyo ngasemva.

Utshintsho oluzenzekelayo kwiibhaktheriya (Ukuchasana okuzenzekelayo)

Ngamanye amaxesha, ukwakheka kwezakhi zofuzo zebhaktheriya kutshintsha ngokuzenzekelayo, oko kukuthi, iyaguquka . Emva koko i-antibiotic ayikwazi ukuyibona le bhaktheriya itshintshileyo kwaye ayikwazi ukuyijolisa ngokufanelekileyo. Okanye, ngenxa yolo tshintsho, iibhaktheriya zinokulwa nemiphumo yeyeza.

Ukumelana okusasazekayo

Ungadlulisela usulelo lwebhaktiriya olunganyangekiyo ngamayeza komnye umntu. Emva koko loo mntu uya kufumana usulelo olungenakusebenza kumayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. Rhoqo, ungafumana olunye unyango. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwexesha, ezi bhaktiriya zinganyangekiyo zinokuba nzima ukunyanga.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu koku?

Nabani na unokufumana usulelo olunganyangekiyo ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. Nangona kunjalo, amanye amaqela asengozini enkulu ngenxa yeemeko zempilo okanye indawo ahlala kuyo. Abantu abanokuba nosulelo oluyingozi baquka:

• Iintsana, ingakumbi ezo zizelwe ngaphambi kwexesha.
• Abantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala.
• Abantu abangenamakhaya okanye abahlala kwiindawo ezixineneyo.
• Abantu abaneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka.
• Abantu abasebenzisa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ixesha elide.

Kutheni le nto iyingxaki enkulu?

Ukuxhathisa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane yinto esifanele siyixhalabele sonke. Kufana nokususa kwizixhobo zamayeza ezisetyenziswa ngoogqirha ukukunyanga xa ugula. Ukuba ezinye iintsholongwane ziyaxhathisa amayeza athile, oogqirha kufuneka bafumane amanye amayeza okukunyanga. Oku akulula rhoqo. Ukuze siqonde ukuba kutheni oku kubaluleke kangaka, kufuneka siqonde indlela okusichaphazela ngayo sonke kwihlabathi liphela.

Yintoni ukumelana neentsholongwane?Yingxaki yempilo yoluntu yehlabathi. Oko kuthetha ukuba inokuchaphazela wonke umntu, ngoko ke inokukuchaphazela nawe. Kodwa, asingobantu abachasayo kwii-antibiotics. Ziintlobo ezithile zeebhaktheriya ezichasayo.

Isizathu kukuba xa sonke sisebenzisa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ukunyanga usulelo lweentsholongwane, iintsholongwane ziqala ukuziqhelanisa nazo. Cinga ngale ndlela. Unomhlobo othanda ukwenza amatheko angalindelwanga. Okokuqala, ukumangaza okanye ukumangaza omnye umntu kwiqela lakho ngokulula. Kodwa emva kwexesha elithile, uyayiqonda icebo lakhe kwaye ngokwemvelo uyazi ukuba kuza isimanga. Emva koko kufuneka umzamo omkhulu - mhlawumbi akunakwenzeka - ukumangaza umhlobo wakho.

Iintsholongwane zinjalo. Ngalo lonke ixesha "sibamangalisa" nge-antibiotic, bayayiqhela. Bayibona isenzeka, kwaye abayithandi into ebamangalisayo. Ngoko ke, bafumana iindlela zokuyiphepha (oko kukuthi, bangakwazi ukumelana nemiphumo ye-antibiotic).

Oku akuthethi ukuba umzimba wakho uya uxhathisa kwii-antibiotics. Kuthetha nje ukuba iintsholongwane ezisemhlabeni (ezinokuthi ngenye imini zikuchaphazele) azisenawo amathuba okufumana ii-antibiotics njengoko zazinjalo ngaphambili. Ngoko ke, oogqirha kufuneka basebenze nzima ukufumana ii-antibiotics ezintsha zokunyanga ezinye izifo.

Zeziphi iintsholongwane ezibulala kakhulu ezinganyangekiyo ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane?

Ezi ntlobo zeebhaktheriya zibangela inani eliphezulu lokufa ngenxa yezifo ezinganyangekiyo ngama-antibiotic kwihlabathi liphela:

• I-Escherichia coli (E. coli)
• I-Staphylococcus aureus (Staphylococcus aureus - S. aureus)
• I-Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae)
• Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae)
• I-Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii)
• I-Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pseudomonas aeruginosa - P. aeruginosa)

Zithini ezi "superbugs"?

Ii-Superbugs ziibhaktheriya, iintsholongwane, okanye ezinye iintsholongwane eziye zaziqhelanisa namayeza ebezinokuzibulala. Ziyaxhathisa amayeza. Azipheli nokuba sele zinyangiwe, kodwa ziyaqhubeka nokwanda kwaye zibangele usulelo. Ngamanye amaxesha, akukho mayeza okubulala iintsholongwane aya kusebenza.

Ezinye izifo zebhaktheriya eziwela kudidi lwee-superbugs zezi:

• C. diff (Clostridioides difficile - C. diff)
• I-gonorrhea engamelani namayeza
• I-Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) engamelaniyo neMethicillin
• Isifo sephepha seMycobacterium esinganyangekiyo ngamayeza amaninzi (MDR-TB)
• I-Enterococci engamelani neVancomycin

Sijongana njani nale nto?

Ukuze kutshintshwe le meko kwihlabathi liphela, ababoneleli beenkonzo zempilo kunye nabenzi bomgaqo-nkqubo banendima enkulu ekufuneka bayidlale. Kodwa oko akuthethi ukuba awunakwenza nto. Zininzi izinto onokuzenza. Nazi ezinye iingcebiso:

• Ziqhelise ucoceko oluhle. Ngokuzikhusela kwiintsholongwane, unokuziphepha iintsholongwane ezifuna ii-antibiotics. Okukhona sisebenzisa ii-antibiotics ezininzi njengoluntu, kokukhona sinokubangela ukumelana nee-antibiotics. Ukuhlamba izandla linyathelo elibalulekileyo onokulithatha. Ugqirha wakho angakunika iingcebiso ezingaphezulu.
• Thatha amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kuphela ukuba uyawadinga ngokwenene. Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane awasebenzi kwiintsholongwane. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha iimpawu zosulelo lweentsholongwane kunye nezifo zinokufana. Ngoko ke, nokuba awudingi amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, ungaziva ngathi uyawadinga. Ukuba uyagula, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nohlobo lonyango olufunekayo kunye nesizathu.
• Fumana izitofu ezicetyiswa ngugqirha wakho. Okwangoku, akukho zitofu zebhaktheriya ezininzi ezibangela usulelo olunganyangekiyo ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. Omnye umahluko sisitofu sokugonya se-pneumococcal. Oku kukukhusela kwisifo se-pneumococcal esibangelwa yi-S. pneumoniae. Esi sitofu sibaluleke kakhulu kubantu abaninzi, ingakumbi abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala kunye nabantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala. Ezinye izitofu ezikhusela usulelo lwentsholongwane, ezifana nesitofu sokugonya somkhuhlane (i-flu shot), nazo zibalulekile. Ukuphepha usulelo lwentsholongwane kunokunceda ukuthintela iimpawu ezikhokelela ekusetyenzisweni ngokungeyomfuneko kwamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane.

Oogqirha baphatha njani oku?

Iindlela zonyango zihlala zinqongophele. Ugqirha wakho uza kuzama ukufumana i-antibiotic efanelekileyo okanye indibaniselwano ye-antibiotics yosulelo lwakho. Umzekelo, ii-carbapenems luhlobo lwe-antibiotic olusebenza kakuhle kwiintsholongwane ezinganyangekiyo kumayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika i-carbapenem, efana ne -meropenem, njengenaliti.

Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela iindlela zonyango, kunye nezinto ezilungileyo nezingalunganga. Abaphandi bahlala bezama ukufumana iindlela ezintsha nezingcono zokunyanga iintsholongwane ezinganyangekiyo ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. Okwangoku, ukulandela izikhokelo zokusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kunokunceda ukugcina amayeza ambalwa esinawo kwizixhobo zethu.

Masifunde nangosulelo lwendlela yomchamo olunganyangekiyo ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane (ii-UTI).

Uninzi lwezifo zomchamo (UTIs) zinokunyangwa ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. Nangona kunjalo, i-UTI enganyangekiyo ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane lusulelo olukwindlela yakho yomchamo, isinyi, okanye izintso olungaphenduliyo kwii-antibiotics ezisetyenziswa rhoqo.

Uninzi lwezifo zomchamo zibangelwa yintsholongwane ye -E. coli . Ii-antibiotics zihlala zinokunyangela ezi zifo. Kodwa iintsholongwane ngoku ziya zixhathisa ngakumbi kumayeza. Umzekelo, ezinye iintlobo ze-E. coli zivelisa ii-enzymes ezibizwa ngokuba yi -extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) . Ezi enzymes ziyaqhekeka kwaye zitshabalalise ii-antibiotics. Oku kunokwenza ukuba usulelo lwakho lube lubi ngakumbi kwaye kube nzima ukunyanga ngaphandle kokuba ii-antibiotics zisebenze.

Ugqirha usenokukunika i-antibiotic eqhelekileyo yosulelo lomchamo, engazi ukuba iintsholongwane ezibangela oko ziintlobo ezichaseneyo. Ungaziva ungcono kancinci emva kokuthatha i-antibiotic usuku olunye okanye ezimbini. Oku kungenxa yokuba i-antibiotic ibulala ezinye zeentsholongwane, kodwa iintsholongwane ezichaseneyo zisekhona. Ngoko ke, iyeza aliyi kukunyanga ngokupheleleyo. Ukuba kuyabonakala ukuba une-bacteria echaseneyo ne-antibiotic, ugqirha wakho kuya kufuneka atshintshe i-antibiotic yakho.

Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zee-antibiotics ezisebenza nakwi-UTIs ezinganyangekiyo zii-antibiotics. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ukuba loluphi unyango olukulungeleyo. Landela idosi kunye nobude bexesha abakunika lona ngqo. Kubalulekile ukuthatha onke amayeza anikiweyo, nokuba uzive ungcono.

Okokugqibela, khumbula oku.

Xa ugula, into yokuqala ocinga ngayo kukuba yeyiphi iyeza omawulithathe ukuze uphile ngokukhawuleza. Ngethamsanqa, ii-antibiotics zisesisixhobo esinamandla sokulwa nosulelo oluninzi lweentsholongwane. Zinokunciphisa iimpawu zakho kwaye zinciphise umngcipheko weengxaki ezinkulu. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwexesha, iintsholongwane ezininzi ziye zafumana ukumelana namayeza asebenze iminyaka emininzi. Oku kunokuba yimeko eyoyikisayo, kodwa ukufunda okungakumbi malunga nokuxhathisa ii-antibiotics kunokukunceda ukhusele wena kunye nabantu obathandayo. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga neendlela zokuhlala usempilweni. Unokukunika iingcebiso ezihambelana neemfuno zakho zempilo.

Ukuchasana nama - Antibiotic, Ukuchasana nama-Antibiotic, Iintsholongwane, Ama-Antibiotic, Iintsholongwane, Impilo, iiSuperbugs