Ngamanye amaxesha ugqirha wakho unokukuxelela ukuba kukho ukuvuza okuncinci kwenye yeevalvu zentliziyo yakho. Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika kwaye ukhathazekile xa usiva into efana nale. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngale meko kunye notyando olukhethekileyo olwenziwayo ngenxa yayo, i-Aortic Valve Repair. Yintoni kanye kanye le? Yenziwa njani? Zithini izinto ezilungileyo nezingalunganga? Siza kuthetha ngayo yonke le nto ngokulula, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.
Yintoni Ukulungiswa kweValve yeAortic?
Ngamafutshane, olu luhlobo lotyando lwentliziyo. Olu tyando lwenziwa ukuze "ucango" oluphakathi komthambo wegazi oyintloko (i-aorta) othwala igazi lisuka entliziyweni yethu liye kuwo wonke umzimba kwaye intliziyo isebenze kakuhle. Lo mnyango siwubiza ngokuba yi-aortic valve. Ukuchaneka, le yivalvu. Le valve iyavula kwaye ivale ngalo lonke ixesha intliziyo ibetha, ilawula ukuhamba kwegazi.
Khawucinge ukuba kwenzeka ntoni ukuba awukwazi ukuvala ucango endlwini yakho ngokufanelekileyo? Ngokufanayo, xa le valve yonakele, ayivuli okanye ayivali ngokufanelekileyo. Kwabanye abantu, le valve iqala ukuvuza. Ngokwezonyango, siyibiza ngokuba yi -aortic regurgitation . Okwenzekayo kule meko kukuba ngenxa yokuba ivalve ayivali ngokupheleleyo, elinye igazi elifanele liye emzimbeni livuza libuyela entliziyweni. Kwenzeka ntoni ke ngoko? Intliziyo kufuneka isebenze nzima ukupompa inani legazi elifunekayo emzimbeni. Xa oku kusenzeka ngokuhamba kwexesha, intliziyo inokonakala.
Kuphela xa ivalvu ivuza kakhulu kwaye kuvela iimpawu apho oogqirha bacebisa utyando lokulungisa okanye lokutshintsha ivalvu.
Kwiimeko ezininzi, ivalvu itshintshwa ngentsha. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abaguli banokungenelwa kakhulu kukulungiswa kwevalvu yabo. Oogqirha botyando benza esi sigqibo ngokwemeko nganye. Ugqirha wakho uza kuqwalasela izinto ezininzi, kuquka ukuma kwevalvu yakho kunye nobungakanani bomonakalo, ukuze amisele ukuba ukulungiswa okanye ukutshintshwa kwevalvu kukulungele na.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngaphambi kotyando?
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo xa ulungiselela utyando kukuvavanywa okwenziwa kwangaphambili. Ugqirha ufuna ukuqinisekisa ukuba ivalvu yakho ikwimeko apho inokulungiswa khona. Ukuba ezinye iindawo zonakele kakhulu, kungcono ukutshintsha ivalvu ngentsha endaweni yokuyilungisa. Kukho iimvavanyo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzenze ukuze zikuncede koku.
| Uvavanyo | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| I-Transesophageal Echocardiogram (TEE) | Ukudlula ikhamera encinci kwi-esophagus ukuze ufumane imifanekiso ecacileyo nesondeleyo yentliziyo kunye neevalvu. |
| Ukucoca Intliziyo | Uvavanyo lokujonga ukuba imithambo yegazi ekhokelela entliziyweni ayivalwanga na. |
| I-X-reyi yesifuba | Ukujonga imeko yentliziyo nemiphunga ngokubanzi. |
| Iskeni ye-CT | Ukufumana imifanekiso eneenkcukacha ze-3D yentliziyo kunye nemithambo yegazi emikhulu. |
| I-E.C.G. (EKG/ECG) | Ukurekhoda umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo. |
| Uvavanyo lwegazi nomchamo | Ukujonga impilo yomzimba iyonke kunye nokusebenza kwamalungu omzimba afana nezintso. |
Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika imiyalelo ecacileyo malunga nendlela yokulungiselela utyando. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela loo miyalelo ngokuchanekileyo. Ukuba kukho into ongayiqondiyo, buza kwakhona. Le miyalelo ingabandakanya izinto ezifana nezi:
- Ixesha lokuyeka ukutya nokusela ngaphambi kotyando.
- Ngawaphi amayeza odla ngokufuna ukuyeka ukuwasebenzisa okwethutyana?
- Lifikile ixesha lokuba ndize esibhedlele ukuze ndityandwe.
- Izinto ekufuneka zisiwe esibhedlele nezinto ekufuneka zishiywe ekhaya.
Lwenziwa njani utyando?
Olu tyando ludla ngokwenziwa njengotyando lwentliziyo evulekileyo , oko kuthetha ukuba kwenziwa utyando olunye olude phakathi kwesifuba. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, lunokwenziwa njengotyando olungenabungozi kangako , olubandakanya ukusika okuncinci esifubeni. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela ukuba yeyiphi indlela efanelekileyo kuwe.
Nazi iindlela apho utyando ludla ngokwenzeka:
1. Okokuqala, uza kunikwa i-anesthesia ukuze ulale ubuthongo obunzulu ukuze ungeva ntlungu ngexesha lotyando.
2. Emva koko, ugqirha wenza utyando okanye amanxeba amaninzi esifubeni ukuze afikelele entliziyweni. Oku kungaba lutyando oluyi-intshi ezintandathu (sternotomy) oluqhutywa phakathi kwethambo lesifuba (sternum). Okanye kungaba lutyando oluyi-intshi ezimbini ukuya kwezine olwenziwa ngaphandle kokuvula isifuba ngokupheleleyo.
3. Emva koko uza kuqhagamshelwa kumatshini wentliziyo nemiphunga (`(umatshini wentliziyo nemiphunga)`) . Lo matshini uza kwenza umsebenzi wentliziyo nemiphunga yakho ngexesha lotyando.
4. Ngoku kuza inxalenye ebalulekileyo. Ugqirha uza kuyilungisa ivalvu ngokweemfuno zakho. Oku kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, banokwenza i-annuloplasty, eqinisa iringi ejikeleze ivalvu kwaye iyenze ivaleke kakuhle. Okanye banokutshintsha imo yeencwadana zevalvu, okanye i-graft tissue ukuze ithathe indawo yeendawo ezikrazukileyo okanye imingxunya.
5. Ngelixa ivalvu ilungiswa, ukuba kukho ezinye iingxaki, ezinje ngee-aneurysms (ukudumba kweendonga zomthambo wegazi oyintloko), nazo ziyalungiswa ngeli xesha lotyando.
6. Emva kokuba zonke izinto ezifunekayo zilungisiwe, ugqirha uza kuzivala izisikelo. Emva koko uza kuthunyelwa kwiyunithi ekhethekileyo ukuze ululame.
Ziziphi iingenelo kunye neengozi zalo tyando?
Njengakwezinye iindlela zotyando, kukho iingenelo neengozi. Kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngezi zinto ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho.
| Iinzuzo | Iingozi |
|---|---|
| Ukukwazi ukugcina ivalvu yakho: Le yeyona nzuzo inkulu. Oku kuthintela iingozi ezinxulumene nokufakwa kwevalvu yokwenziwa. | Kufuneka utyando kwakhona: Utyando kwakhona okanye ukutshintshwa kwevalvu kunokufuneka ukuba ivalvu elungisiweyo ivuza kwakhona, isuleleke (i-endocarditis), okanye ayisebenzi njengoko bekulindelwe. |
| Akukho mfuneko yokusebenzisa amayeza okunciphisa igazi: Kwiimeko ezininzi, akuyi kufuneka usele amayeza okunciphisa igazi (i-anticoagulants) ubomi bakho bonke. | Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga: ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga (arrhythmia). |
| Ukubuyiselwa komsebenzi wentliziyo. | Iingozi eziqhelekileyo zotyando ziquka ukopha, ukunganyamezelani neziyobisi, ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo, isifo sohlangothi, kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwentliziyo. |
Asingomntu wonke osengozini efanayo. Abantu abanezinye iingxaki zempilo, ezifana nesifo sentliziyo esinzima, banokuba semngciphekweni omkhulu ngaphambi kotyando. Ngoko ke thetha nogqirha wakho malunga neengozi zakho kwaye uziqonde.
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuchacha?
Kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele iintsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-7 emva kotyando. Kungathatha malunga neeveki ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-8 ukuze uphile ngokupheleleyo kwaye ubuyele kwimisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo. Ukuba ubunotyando olungangeneleli kangako, ixesha lakho lokuchacha linokuba lifutshane.
Kuqhelekile ukuziva udiniwe kangangeeveki ezimbalwa. Ngoko ke thatha kancinci uze umamele umzimba wakho. Musa ukuzama ukwenza izinto ezininzi ngaxeshanye. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ukuba ungaqhuba nini okanye uye nini emsebenzini. Ukuba yinxalenye yenkqubo yokuvuselela intliziyo (`(Cardiac Rehab)`) kunokukunceda uphile ngokukhuselekileyo kwaye uqhele indlela yokuphila enempilo.
Ixesha lokubona ugqirha ngoko nangoko
Emva kokuba ubuyele ekhaya emva kotyando, kufuneka ufune iingcebiso zonyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba ufumanisa naziphi na iimpawu zengxaki. Lumka kwezi mpawu:
- Intlungu yesifuba okanye ukuxinana.
- Ukukhupha ubomvu okanye ulwelo oluvela kwindawo yokuhlinzwa, ukudumba, okanye ukuba bomvu.
- Umkhuhlane okanye ukuziva ubanda.
- Ukuziva ngathi intliziyo yakho ibetha ngokukhawuleza (`(Intliziyo ibetha ngamandla)`).
- Ukudumba kwemilenze okanye iinyawo (i-edema).
- Ukunyuka kobunzima obungaphezulu kwe-1.5 kg ngeveki.
Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, yiya kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane.
Ukulungiswa kwevalvu ye-aorta akuqhelekanga njengotyando lokutshintsha ivalvu ye-aorta. Ekubeni olu lutyando olukhethekileyo, kungcono ukhethe isibhedlele esinoogqirha abanamava abenza olu hlobo lotyando rhoqo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukulungiswa kwevalvu ye-Aortic lutyando olukhethekileyo olulungisa ivalvu yentliziyo evuzayo.
- Eyona nzuzo inkulu yoku kukuba ufumana indlela yokugcina ivalvu yakho yendalo, ukuze ukwazi ukuphepha ukuthatha amayeza okunciphisa igazi ubomi bakho bonke.
- Kuthatha ixesha ukuchacha. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba kwiinkqubo zokulungisa intliziyo.
- Thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho malunga nemibuzo okanye uloyiko onalo malunga notyando.
- Qaphela iimpawu ezilumkisayo ezinokwenzeka emva kotyando. Ukuba kukho naziphi na iimpawu ezinjalo ezibonakala, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.
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