Xa ugqirha wakho ekuxelela ukuba kufuneka wenze utyando lomhlaza webele, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuziva uloyiko oluninzi, uxhalabile, kwaye ungaqinisekanga. Mhlawumbi unemibuzo emininzi engqondweni yakho, efana nokuthi, 'Luhlobo luni lotyando endiza kulwenza?', 'Ngaba ibele lam liza kususwa ngokupheleleyo?', 'Kuza kwenzeka ntoni emva koko?' Zonke ezi zinto zisengqiqweni. Ngoko ke ungoyiki, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngazo zonke ezi zinto, ngesiSinhala esilula onokusiqonda, ngokungathi uthetha nomhlobo osenyongweni.
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Yintoni injongo ephambili yotyando?
Ngamafutshane, injongo ephambili yotyando lomhlaza webele kukususa ngokupheleleyo ithumba kunye nenani elincinci lezicubu eziphilileyo ezijikeleze lona . Oku kwenziwa ukuze kungabikho ziseli zomhlaza eziseleyo. Oku kunethemba lokuba kuya kuthintela umhlaza ukuba ungabuyi kwaye usasazeke kwezinye iindawo zomzimba. Oogqirha bazama konke okusemandleni abo ukugcina inkangeleko yendalo yebele kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
Uhlobo lotyando oluya kulwenza luya kuxhomekeka kwizinto ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, ubungakanani bethumba, apho likhona ebeleni, ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kangakanani, kunye neengcinga zakho kunye neemvakalelo zakho ngalo. Emva kokuxoxa nawe ngazo zonke ezi zinto, ugqirha wakho uya kukhetha utyando olulungele wena.
Iintlobo eziphambili zotyando lomhlaza webele
Utyando lomhlaza webele lunokwahlulwa lube ziintlobo ezimbini eziphambili. Olunye lutyando olususa inxalenye yebele kuphela, kwaye olunye lutyando olususa lonke ibele. Makhe sijonge nganye kwezi ngokwahlukeneyo.
| Igama lotyando | Kalula nje, kwenzeka ntoni? | Idla ngokucetyiswa kubani? |
|---|---|---|
| Utyando lweLumpectomy (Ikwabizwa ngokuba yiPartial Mastectomy) | Kuphela sisimila somhlaza kunye nentwana encinci yezicubu eziphilileyo ezisijikelezileyo ezisuswayo, nto leyo eshiya lonke ibele liphelele. | Olu lukhetho olufanelekileyo kwabo banomhlaza ongekho mkhulu kakhulu kwaye banokufumana unyango lwemitha emva kotyando. |
| Utyando lweMastectomy olulula/olupheleleyo | Ibele lonke, kuquka ne-nipple, liyasuswa. Ngamanye amaxesha i-lymph node enye okanye ezingaphezulu ekhwapheni nazo zingasuswa. | Kwabo banomngcipheko omncinci wokusasazeka komhlaza kwiindawo ze-lymph okanye abenza utyando lokunciphisa umngcipheko womhlaza kwixesha elizayo. |
| Utyando lweMastectomy oluGuquliweyo | Ibele lonke, ingono, kunye nenani elikhulu lamafutha angaphantsi kwekhwapha ziyasuswa, kodwa izihlunu zesifuba zishiywa zinjalo. | Oku kungafaneleka kubantu abanomhlaza webele ohlaselayo. |
| Utyando lweMastectomy oluQhelekileyo | Ibele lonke, uboya bekhwapha, kwanezihlunu zesifuba ezingaphantsi kwebele ziyasuswa. | Olu tyando ngoku aluqhelekanga kakhulu kwaye ludla ngokucetyiswa kuphela ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kwimisipha yesifuba. |
| Utyando lweMastectomy olusindisa ulusu | Nangona izicubu ezingaphakathi kwebele zisusiwe, uninzi lwesikhumba esiphezu kwalo lushiywa ngasemva. Ulusu oluseleyo lungasetyenziselwa utyando lokwakha kwakhona ibele. | Ifanelekile kwabo baneeseli zomhlaza ezingasondelanga kakhulu eluswini kwaye abaya kwenziwa utyando lokwakha amabele kungekudala. |
| Ukususwa Kweengono Ezigcina Isisu | Nangona izicubu zebele zisusiwe, ingono kunye nolusu olujikelezileyo (i-areola) zishiywa zinjalo. Oku kukwavumela inkangeleko yendalo xa kusakhiwa ibele kwakhona. | Oku kungafaneleka kubantu abaneeseli zomhlaza ezingasasazekanga kwingono okanye kulusu olujikelezileyo. |
Kutheni kususwa ii-lymph nodes zekhwapha?
Le yingxaki abantu abaninzi abanayo. Cinga ngamaqhuqhuva njengeendawo zokujonga ezincinci emizimbeni yethu. Xa iiseli zomhlaza ziqala ukusasazeka emzimbeni wonke, ziqala ziye kwezi ndawo zokujonga zize zibhajwe. Ngoko ke, ngokususa amaqhuqhuva ambalwa phantsi kwekhwapha uze uwahlole, unokwazi ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba umhlaza usasazeke ngaphandle kwebele okanye akunjalo. Olu lwazi lubaluleke kakhulu kugqirha wakho ukuze agqibe ukuba loluphi unyango olongezelelweyo (umz. i-chemotherapy, i-radiation) olufunekayo emva kotyando.
Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zokususa iintsumpa:
- I-Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy: Oku kuquka ukufumana "indawo yokuqala yokujonga" okanye i-sentinel node ekunokwenzeka ukuba umhlaza uye kuyo ukuba isasazeka, kunye nokususa elo qhuzu kuphela ukuze lihlolwe. Ukuba alinazo iiseli zomhlaza, amanye amaqhuzu akufuneki asuswe. Le ndlela inciphisa umngcipheko wokudumba engalweni (lymphedema).
- Ukuqhaqhwa kweNode ye-Axillary Lymph (ALND): Kule nkqubo, malunga ne-10 ukuya kwi-20 lymph nodes phantsi kwekhwapha ziyasuswa kwaye zihlolwe ukuba azinazo iiseli zomhlaza.
Ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwamabele
Abafazi abaninzi abakhutshwa ibele bagqiba ekubeni benze utyando lokulungisa amabele. Esi sisigqibo sabo ngokupheleleyo.
Olu tyando lunokwenziwa ngexesha elinye notyando lwakho lomhlaza, okanye lungenziwa emva kweenyanga okanye iminyaka. Lungasebenzisa izicwili zamabele okanye izicubu ezithathwe kwenye indawo yomzimba wakho (ngokufuthi esiswini sakho). Thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho malunga neendlela onokukhetha kuzo.
Uzilungiselela njani ngaphambi kotyando?
Nokuba loluphi uhlobo lotyando olwenziwayo, lufuna ukulungiswa kwangaphambili.
Okokuqala, ugqirha wakho uza kukubuza ngembali yakho epheleleyo yezonyango .
- Ufanele uxelele ugqirha wakho malunga nawo onke amayeza owasebenzisayo (kuquka iivithamini kunye nezongezo ).
- Sixelele ukuba ukhe waba nazo naziphi na iimpembelelo ze-allergy kwiimithi okanye kwi-anesthesia ngaphambili.
- Ukuba unezinye izifo ezifana nesifo sentliziyo, isifo seswekile, okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, qiniseka ukuba usazise.
Njengoko usondela kutyando, ugqirha uza kujonga ukuba umzimba wakho ukulungele na utyando.Uthi makenze uvavanyo oluthile.
- I-X-reyi yesifuba
- Uvavanyo lwe-EKG
- Uvavanyo lwegazi nomchamo
- Kungenziwa i-CT scan okanye i-MRI yebele ukuze kubonwe ubukhulu kunye nendawo ekhona ithumba.
Ndiza kuhlala ixesha elingakanani esibhedlele?
Inani leentsuku oza kuhlala esibhedlele lixhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nohlobo lotyando olwenzayo kunye nemeko yakho yempilo emva kotyando.
- Utyando lwe-Lumpectomy ludla ngokwenziwa ngaphandle kwesibhedlele. Oku kuthetha ukuba uza kuhlolwa iiyure ezimbalwa emva kotyando kwaye unokukwazi ukuya ekhaya ngaloo mini inye.
- Ukuba une- mastectomy okanye i-ALND, kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele usuku olunye okanye ezimbini.
Olu hambo alulolwedwa. Usapho lwakho, abahlobo, ingakumbi iqela lakho lezonyango likunye nawe. Musa ukuthandabuza ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngayo nayiphi na imibuzo okanye iinkxalabo onokuba nazo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Kuqhelekile ukuba noloyiko xa usiva ngotyando lomhlaza webele. Thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho malunga neendlela onokukhetha kuzo.
- Uhlobo lotyando olulungele wena luxhomekeke kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, ezifana nohlobo kunye nobukhulu bomhlaza, kunye nezinto ozikhethayo.
- Ukujonga ii-lymph nodes ekhwapheni linyathelo elibalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukuba umhlaza usasazekile na kwaye ucwangcise unyango lwexesha elizayo.
- Ukuba ibele lisusiwe ngokupheleleyo, kukho iindlela zotyando lokwakha kwakhona ibele. Xoxa nogqirha wakho ngale nto.
- Khumbula ukuba uneqela lezonyango eliza kukuxhasa ngaphambi nasemva kotyando. Yabelana nabo ngenkxalabo yakho.
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