Njengomfazi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunyamekela impilo yebele lakho. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha xa usiva igama elifana nelithi ' mammogram ', uziva usoyika kwaye unexhala, akunjalo? Ucinga ngazo zonke iintlobo zezinto, ezinje ngokuba kuya kuba buhlungu, kuya kwenzeka ntoni, kwaye kuya kubakho ntoni kwingxelo. Yiyo loo nto, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngale mammogram ngendlela elula kakhulu, ngokungathi uthetha nomhlobo, ukuze yonke imibuzo yakho icace.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-mammogram?
I-mammogram luvavanyo olukhethekileyo lwe-X-ray olusebenzisa idosi ephantsi kakhulu yemitha ( i-X-ray engaphantsi) ukuhlola izicwili emabeleni akho. Oku kwahlukile kakhulu kwi-X-ray ethathwe emathanjeni ethu. Oogqirha bayisebenzisa ngezizathu ezibini eziphambili.
1. Uvavanyo lweMammogram (uvavanyo lwangaphambi kweempawu): Oku kwenzelwa ukujonga iimpawu zokuqala zomhlaza webele ngaphambi kokuba kuvele naziphi na iimpawu (ezifana neqhuma okanye intlungu). Kufana nokulungisa imoto ngaphambi kokuba kubekho ingxaki. Injongo apha kukuyibona kwangethuba.
2. I-Diagnostic Mammogram (uvavanyo lwenziwa xa kuvela uphawu): Ukuba uneempawu ezifana neqhuma elitsha ebeleni lakho, iintlungu, ukuphuma kwamanzi kwingono, okanye utshintsho lolusu, olu vavanyo lwenziwa ukuze kufunyaniswe ukuba yintoni kanye kanye ebangela oko.
Khumbula, emva komhlaza wolusu , umhlaza webele lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lomhlaza kwabasetyhini. Kodwa iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba ukuba umhlaza webele ufunyenwe kwangethuba, izinga lokusinda kweminyaka emi-5 liphezulu ukuya kuma-99% . Ke ngoko, olu vavanyo lwe-mammogram sesinye sezona zixhobo zinamandla esinazo ezandleni zethu zokulwa nomhlaza webele.
Ngaba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-mammograms?
Ewe, kukho iintlobo ezimbini ze-mammograms.
- I-2D Digital Mammogram: Le ndlela ithatha imifanekiso yelinye lamabele akho ukusuka kwiikona ezimbini (ukusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi kunye nokusuka ecaleni ukuya kwelinye). Le yindlela yendabuko.
- I-3D Digital Mammogram (iDigital Breast Tomosynthesis):Le yindlela entsha nephucukileyo kancinci. Apha, ibele licinezelwa kube kanye, kwaye umatshini uhamba ngendlela ejikelezayo, uthatha imifanekiso emininzi ye-X-reyi. Emva koko, ikhompyutha idibanisa le mifanekiso, idala umfanekiso onemilinganiselo emithathu (3D), ngokungathi usika iziqwenga ezibhityileyo zebele. Oku kuvumela ugqirha ukuba abone okungaphakathi kwithishu yebele ngokucacileyo nangakumbi.
Ngaba i-mammogram ingabonisa ngokupheleleyo ukuba kukho umhlaza?
Kulapho abantu abaninzi benza khona impazamo. Hayi. I-mammogram ayinakuqinisekisa ukuba kukho umhlaza.
Khawuthelekelele imoto imiswa ngamapolisa endleleni ngenxa yokurhanelwa. Awunakumisa nje uthi kukho into engalunganga ngayo. Kufuneka uyihlolisise kakuhle. I-mammogram iyafana. Ibonisa kuphela ukuba kukho into engaqhelekanga ebeleni.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba indawo efunyenweyo inomhlaza okanye akunjalo, ugqirha unokucebisa ukuba kwenziwe olunye uvavanyo, olufana ne -ultrasound yebele okanye i- biopsy yebele , equka ukuthatha iqhekeza elincinci lesicwili kwindawo ekrokrisayo. Kuphela emva kwe-biopsy apho kunokuthi kuqinisekiswe ukuba inomhlaza okanye akunjalo.
Ngubani ofanele ahlolwe i-mammogram? Kangaphi?
Ngokubanzi, ngokweengcebiso zamazwe ngamazwe, kucetyiswa ukuba bonke abafazi, ukususela kwiminyaka engama-40 ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka engama-75 ubudala, benze i-mammogram ubuncinane rhoqo emva kweminyaka emibini .
Nangona kunjalo, lo asingomthetho oqhelekileyo kuwo wonke umntu. Ukuba usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuba nomhlaza webele, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba wenze olu vavanyo ngaphambi kokuba ufikelele kwiminyaka engama-40 okanye usondele ngakumbi kulo (umz. rhoqo ngonyaka).
Ngoobani abanokuba semngciphekweni omkhulu wokuba nomhlaza webele?
Ukuba kukho nayiphi na kwezi zilandelayo ezikukhathazayo, kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha wakho uze wenze ishedyuli ye-mammogram efanelekileyo kuwe.
- Ukuba ukhe waba nomhlaza webele ngaphambili.
- Ukuba amalungu osapho lwakho asondeleyo (umama, udadewenu, intombi) akhe aba nomhlaza webele okanye wesibeleko .
- Ukuba ufunyenwe une-genetic mutations eyonyusa umngcipheko wakho wokuba nomhlaza webele, njenge- BRCA1 kunye ne-BRCA2 .
- Ukuba uneengxaki ezithile zamabele ezingezizo ezomhlaza, ezifana ne -atypical ductal hyperplasia , ezo zinyusa umngcipheko wakho kwixesha elizayo.
- Ukuba unamabele aqinileyo (oku kuya kukhankanywa kwingxelo yakho ye-mammogram).
Nangona kunqabile kakhulu, kukho amaxesha apho amadoda asengozini enkulu ngenxa yembali yomhlaza yentsapho kufuneka enze ii-mammogram.
Ulungiselela njani i-mammogram?
Kufuneka kubekho amalungiselelo athile kuwe ngaphambi nangomhla wolu vavanyo. Masiwachaze ngolu hlobo.
| Indlela yokulungiselela | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Xa ubeka ecaleni usuku | Musa ukufaka isixhobo kwiveki engaphambi okanye ngexesha lokuya exesheni. Oku kungenxa yokuba amabele akho anokuba novakalelo ngakumbi ngala maxesha, nto leyo eyenza uvavanyo lube nzima ngakumbi. Kungcono ukufaka isixhobo malunga neveki emva kokuba ixesha lakho liphelile. |
| Izaziso ezikhethekileyo | Ukuba ukhulelwe, uzama ukukhulelwa, okanye uncancisa, xelela ugqirha wakho xa ubhukisha idinga lakho. Kwakhona, xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba une-implants zamabele okanye usandul' ukufumana isitofu. |
| Ngomhla wovavanyo | Musa ukuthambisa i-deodorant, i-perfume, i-lotion, okanye umgubo womzimba emakhwapheni akho. Amanye amasuntswana akwezi zinto anokubonakala njengamabala kwimifanekiso ye-X-ray, nto leyo enokuchaphazela ukuchaneka kwengxelo. |
| Iimpahla | Ekubeni kufuneka uveze umzimba wakho ongasentla ngokupheleleyo ukususela esinqeni ukuya ezantsi, kulula ukunxiba impahla enamacala amabini, njengebhulukhwe okanye isiketi esineblawuzi, endaweni yempahla enecala elinye njengelokhwe. |
Kwenzeka ntoni ngokwenene ngexesha le-mammogram?
Le nkqubo ayinzima njengoko unokucinga. Idla ngokuthatha malunga nemizuzu eli-15-20.
1. Okokuqala, uza kucelwa ukuba ukhulule zonke iimpahla kunye nezacholo ezingaphezulu kwesinqe. Endaweni yoko, uza kunikwa ilokhwe evuleka ngaphambili.
2. Emva koko uza kusiwa kumatshini we-mammogram. Ingcali yetekhnoloji iza kukunceda.
3. Kufuneka ubeke elinye lamabele akho kwipleyiti ekhethekileyo kumatshini.
4. Emva koko, kusetyenziswa elinye i-paddle yeplastiki ukucinezela ibele lakho ngobunono. Olu xinzelelo lubalulekile kuba luvumela izicubu zebele ukuba zisasazeke ngokulinganayo kwaye zivelise umfanekiso ocacileyo we-X-reyi ngaphandle kokufiphala. Kwakhona kunciphisa idosi yemitha.
5. Umfanekiso we-X-reyi uza kuthatyathwa kwimizuzwana embalwa emva kokuba uyibambile.
6. Emva koko yenza okufanayo nakwelinye ibele.
7. Xa umsebenzi ugqityiwe, ungabuyela ezingubeni zakho uze uqhubeke nomsebenzi wakho njengesiqhelo ngaloo mini inye.
Umbuzo wonke umntu awubuzayo: Ngaba i-mammogram ibuhlungu?
Le yinto abantu abaninzi abayoyikayo. Inyaniso kukuba, iyahluka kumntu nomntu. Abanye abantu baziva bengakhululekanga, bexinene . Abanye banokukufumanisa kubuhlungu kancinci .
Kodwa eyona nto ilungileyo kukuba oku kungakhululeki kuhlala imizuzwana embalwa kuphela . Umatshini uyayikhulula ingcinezelo kwangoko emva kokuba umfanekiso uthathiwe. Ukuba uziva iintlungu ezinganyamezelekiyo, xelela ingcali ngoko nangoko.
Ukungakhululeki okuzivayo kunokuxhomekeka kwizinto ezifana nezi:
- Ubungakanani kunye nobunzima bamabele akho.
- Ukweliphi inqanaba lomjikelo wakho wokuya exesheni?
- Amava kunye nesakhono somchwephesha.
- Uyakwazi ukuphumla nokugcina ukuma okufanelekileyo.
Yintoni ekwingxelo?
Ingxelo yakho ye-mammogram idla ngokufika kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. Ngamanye amaxesha ingathatha ixesha elide. Inkqubo eqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa ukwahlulahlula iziphumo zale ngxelo. Ibizwa ngokuba yi-Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) .
| Inombolo ye-BI-RADS | Intsingiselo elula |
|---|---|
| 0 | Ulwazi alwanelanga. Kufuneka iimvavanyo ezingaphezulu (umz. i-ultrasound). |
| 1 | Ayilunganga. Akukho ziphazamiso. Yenza uvavanyo olulandelayo njengesiqhelo. |
| 2 | Kukho into engeyomhlaza (engeyongozi) . (Umzekelo: ithumba) kodwa ayingomhlaza. |
| 3 | Mhlawumbi ayingomhlaza, kodwa kuya kufuneka uphinde uhlolwe kwakhona emva kweenyanga ezi-6. |
| 4 | Kuyarhaneleka. Kukho ithuba elincinci lomhlaza. Kufuneka i-biopsy. |
| 5 | Kuyarhaneleka kakhulu. Kukho amathuba aphezulu okuba nomhlaza. Kuyafuneka i-biopsy ngokuqinisekileyo. |
| 6 | Umntu osele eqinisekisiwe ukuba unomhlaza nge-biopsy. |
Musa ukoyika ukuba ufumana ingxelo "engaqhelekanga". Ayithethi ukuba unomhlaza. Ithetha nje ukuba kukho into ekrokrisayo kwaye kufuneka iphandwe ngakumbi. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela into omawuyenze emva koko.
Kuthekani ukuba ndine-implants zamabele?
Ukuba une-implants zamabele, ayiyongxaki kwi-mammogram. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka wazise ingcali eqhuba uviwo kunye nexesha oza kwenza ngalo idinga lakho.
Ngenxa yokuba ii-implants zenza kube nzima ukubona zonke izicwili zebele ngaxeshanye, ukongeza kwinani eliqhelekileyo lemifanekiso, kuthathwa eminye imifanekiso embalwa ekhethekileyo (iimbono zokufuduka kwe-implant (ID) . Apha, i-implant ityhalelwa ngasemva kancinci, isondeza izicwili zebele phambili, kwaye imifanekiso ithathwa. Ngoko ke akukho sizathu sokoyika.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Iimammogram zezona ndlela zibalaseleyo nezibalulekileyo zokufumanisa umhlaza wamabele kwangethuba. Musa ukuzoyika.
- Olu luvavanyo oluthatha imizuzu embalwa kwaye lusenokungakhululeki kancinci, kodwa lunokukunceda usindise ubomi bakho ekuhambeni kwexesha.
- Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokwenza i-mammogram emva kweminyaka engama-40. Ukuba unezinto ezinokubangela umngcipheko, kunokufuneka uqale kwangethuba.
- Musa ukoyika ukuba ufumana ingxelo "engaqhelekanga". Oku akuthethi ukuba unomhlaza, kuthetha nje ukuba kufuneka wenze uvavanyo oluthe kratya.
- Ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho, amaqhuma, okanye iintlungu emabeleni akho, bona ugqirha ngoko nangoko, ngaphandle kokulinda i-mammogram yakho elandelayo.
I-Mammogram, umhlaza webele, i-X-ray, impilo yabasetyhini, uvavanyo lomhlaza
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