Ngaba nawe uziva ngathi intliziyo yakho yaphukile? Makhe sithethe ngale "Broken Heart Syndrome"!

Ngaba wakha waziva intliziyo yakho ibetha ngamandla, isifuba sakho siqina, okanye ukuphefumla kwakho kuba nzima xa uziva ulusizi, wothukile, okanye wonwabile kakhulu? Nangona sonke sithetha ngokuba "nentliziyo eyaphukileyo," kukho isizathu sezonyango soku. Oogqirha babiza le meko ngokuthi "Broken Heart Syndrome" okanye "Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy." Ungakhathazeki, le yimeko enokunyangeka ngokupheleleyo ukuba inyangwa ngokufanelekileyo.

Yintoni kanye kanye "iBroken Heart Syndrome"?

Ngamafutshane, le yimeko apho inxalenye yemisipha yentliziyo ibuthathaka ngequbuliso nangokuthula. Cinga ngale ndlela: xa elinye icala lentliziyo yakho liba "livila" kancinci, amanye amalungu kufuneka asebenze nzima ukupompa igazi emzimbeni wakho wonke. Oku buthathaka kudla ngokuvela emva koxinzelelo olukhulu lomzimba okanye lweemvakalelo.

Xa izihlunu zentliziyo zibuthathaka, intliziyo ayifumani umlinganiselo wegazi eliwufunayo, kwaye ayipompi igazi ngokufanelekileyo. Uyazi, yonke iseli emzimbeni wethu ifuna ioksijini, kwaye yiloo nto igazi eliyifumanayo. Ngoko ke ukuba intliziyo ayisebenzi kakuhle, ichaphazela wonke umzimba.

Kukho amanye amagama aliqela ale meko:

• I-Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy
• I-Apical Ballooning Cardiomyopathy okanye i-Transient Apical Ballooning Syndrome
• I-Stress Cardiomyopathy okanye i-Stress-Induced Cardiomyopathy
• Isifo sikaGebrochenes-Herz (Eli ligama lesiJamani, elithetha "intliziyo eyaphukileyo")

Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zale meko?

Kukho iintlobo ezine eziphambili ze-"Broken Heart Syndrome." Ezi zahlulwe ngokwenxalenye yentliziyo echaphazelekileyo:

1. Uhlobo lwe-apical: Olu lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo , lubandakanya ngaphezulu kwama-80% ezigulana. Oku kuchaphazela isiqingatha esisezantsi sentliziyo. Khawuthelekelele inxalenye esezantsi yentliziyo ivuvukala njengebhaluni.

2. Uhlobo lwe-Mid-ventricular: Olu hlobo luchaphazela inxalenye ephakathi yamagumbi asezantsi entliziyo, ii-ventricles. Indawo echaphazelekayo ifana nebhendi ejikeleze intliziyo. Iindawo ezingaphezulu nangaphantsi kwale bhendi zisebenza ngokuqhelekileyo.

3. Uhlobo lwe-Basal: Olu lufana nohlobo lwe-mid-ventricular, kodwa "ibhanti" echaphazelekayo ikwindawo ephezulu kancinci entliziyweni. Kwimeko enjalo, yinxalenye engaphantsi kwebhanti kuphela esebenza ngokuqhelekileyo. Oku kunqabile kakhulu , kwenzeka kubantu abamalunga ne-2% kuphela.

4. Uhlobo lwefocal: Olu lolona hlobo lunqabileyo , oluvela malunga ne-1% yeemeko. Kolu hlobo, yindawo encinci kakhulu yentliziyo echaphazelekayo. Indawo echaphazelekileyo ibonakala njengeqhubu elincinci.

Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko?

Kufunyenwe ukuba malunga ne-2% yabantu abeza kubona oogqirha becinga ukuba banesifo sentliziyo banale "Broken Heart Syndrome." Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha abakwazi ukuyixilonga ngokuchanekileyo, abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba inani lokwenyani lezigulana linokuba phezulu.

Le meko, ebizwa ngokuba yiTakotsubo Cardiomyopathy, ichaphazela kakhulu abasetyhini . Ama-89% eemeko ezixeliweyo ngabafazi. Umngcipheko uphezulu kakhulu emva kokuya exesheni (ngesiqhelo phakathi kweminyaka engama-58 nama-77 ubudala).

Esinye isizathu soku kucingelwa ukuba i-hormone ebizwa ngokuba yi-"estrogen" emizimbeni yabasetyhini ikhusela intliziyo kwii-hormone eziyingozi eziveliswa ngumzimba ngexesha loxinzelelo. Njengoko sikhula, eli nqanaba le-"estrogen" liyehla, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukuba intliziyo ichatshazelwe luxinzelelo olukhawulezileyo.

Zithini iimpawu?

Usenokubona iimpawu ze-"Broken Heart Syndrome" kwimizuzu embalwa ukuya kwiiyure emva kwesiganeko esibuhlungu. Iihomoni ezikhutshwa luxinzelelo "ziyenza ingasebenzi" imisipha yentliziyo okwethutyana. Iimpawu ziyafana nezo zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo okuqhelekileyo .

Iimpawu eziphambili zezi:

• Intlungu yesifuba eqatha ngequbuliso (i-angina).
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla.
• Ubuthathaka be-ventricle yasekhohlo yentliziyo (olu luphawu olunokuthi oogqirha balubone ngovavanyo).
• Ukungahambi kakuhle kwesingqisho sentliziyo (arrhythmias).
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi (uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi).
• Ukuziva ngathi intliziyo yakho ibetha ngokukhawuleza (ukubetha kwentliziyo).
• Kunqabile, ukulahlekelwa yingqondo (i-syncope).

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-"Broken Heart Syndrome" kunye nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo?

Ngenxa yokuba iimpawu zazo zombini zifana kakhulu (iintlungu zesifuba, ukuphefumla kancinci), unokucinga ukuba unesifo sentliziyo. Kodwa umahluko obalulekileyo kukuba kwi-"Broken Heart Syndrome" akukho kuvalwa kwemithambo yentliziyo ehambisa igazi entliziyweni. Kwakhona, ngokuqhelekileyo akukho monakalo usisigxina entliziyweni. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukuchacha kwenzeka ngokukhawuleza nangokupheleleyo.

Yintoni ebangela oku?

Nangona abaphandi bengenako ukukhomba unobangela omnye, bakholelwa ukuba ubangelwa luxinzelelo lwengqondo okanye lomzimba olukhawulezileyo, olunzima. Cinga ngentlungu ozivayo emva kokulahlekelwa ngumntu omthandayo, ukuba sengozini, okanye ukulahlekelwa ngumsebenzi wakho. Xa uphantsi koxinzelelo oluninzi, nokuba lolwenyama okanye lwengqondo, umzimba wakho ukhupha iihomoni zoxinzelelo egazini lakho. Iingcali zikholelwa ukuba ezi homoni ziphazamisana okwethutyana nokusebenza kwentliziyo.

Nangona kunjalo, inani elincinci kakhulu labantu (kwabo bane-Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy) lisenokungakwazi ukufumana naluphi na uxinzeleko olucacileyo.

Akukho bungqina okwangoku bokuba le meko idluliselwa ngokwemfuza ukusuka kubazali ukuya ebantwaneni.

Zeziphi iingcinezelo zengqondo nezomzimba ezinokubangela oku?

Imizekelo yezinto ezibangela uxinzelelo lwengqondo ngesiquphe:

• Intlungu enzulu ebangelwa kukufa komntu omthandayo, okanye ukulahlekelwa okukhulu (ukuqhawuka kobudlelwane, ukulahlekelwa likhaya, imali, okanye isilwanyana sasekhaya esithandwayo).
• Neendaba ezimnandi ngamanye amaxesha zinokukhokelela koku! (Umzekelo, itheko elingalindelekanga ngexesha elingalindelekanga, ukutsalwa kwelotho enkulu).
• Ukufumana iindaba ezimbi.
• Iziganeko ezibuhlungu ezifana neengozi kunye neenyikima.
• Uloyiko olunzulu (ukuya kuthetha phambi kweqela, ukujongana nokuphangwa okuxhobileyo).
• Umsindo ogqithisileyo.

Imizekelo yezinto ezibangela uxinzelelo lomzimba ngesiquphe:

• Intlungu ebuhlungu.
• Umsebenzi womzimba odinisayo kakhulu.
• Iingxaki zempilo: ukuhlaselwa sisifo sesifuba, ubunzima bokuphefumla kakhulu, ukuxhuzula, isifo sohlangothi, umkhuhlane ophezulu, i-hypoglycemia, ukopha kakhulu, okanye utyando.

Ngubani onokuthi aphuhlise oku ngakumbi?

Unamathuba amaninzi okuba ne-"Broken Heart Syndrome" ukuba :

• Ukuba ungumfazi .
• Ukuba uneminyaka engaphezu kwama-50 ubudala .
• Ukuba ukhe wakha wanesifo sengqondo ngaphambili (njengokuxhalaba okanye ukudakumba).
• Ukuba ukhe waba nesifo senkqubo yemithambo-luvo ngaphambili (esifana nokuxhuzula okanye isifo sohlangothi).

Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokubangela oku?

Iingxaki ze-"Broken Heart Syndrome" azixhaphakanga , kodwa ngamanye amaxesha zinokuba zinkulu. Ezinye zazo zezi:

• Ukudumba kwepulmonary.
• Ukuqhambuka kwe-ventricle yasekhohlo (kunqabile kakhulu).
• Ukuvaleka kokuhamba kwegazi kwi-ventricle yasekhohlo.
• Ukumelwa yintliziyo.
• Ihlwili legazi elinamathele eludongeni lwe-ventricle yasekhohlo.
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi (iHypotension).
• Iipateni zesingqisho sentliziyo ezingaqhelekanga (i-arrhythmia).
• Ukothuka kwentliziyo yimeko ebangelwa kukungasebenzi kakuhle kwentliziyo.
• Ibloko yentliziyo.
• Amaxesha amaninzi, nokufa kunokwenzeka.

Kubalulekile: Nangona ezi ngxaki zinqabile, kubalulekile ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza xa kuvela iimpawu.

Oogqirha bayibona njani le nto?

Ugqirha uza kuqala akuhlole ngokwasemzimbeni aze akubuze ngembali yakho yezonyango. Emva koko, banokwenza iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa imeko:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Ukujonga ii-enzymes ezithile ezikhutshwa ziiseli zemisipha yentliziyo ezonakeleyo egazini.
• I-EKG (ECG - I-Electrocardiogram): Uvavanyo olurekhoda umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo.
• I-Coronary angiography: Uvavanyo olukhethekileyo lwe-X-ray lokujonga ukuvaleka kwemithambo yentliziyo. Oku kuya kunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba esi sisifo sentliziyo okanye akunjalo.Ibaluleke kakhulu .
• I-Echocardiography: I-ultrasound scan ukujonga umsebenzi, ubungakanani, kunye nokuma kwentliziyo.
• I-X-ray yesifuba.
• I-MRI yentliziyo (iMagnetic Resonance Imaging): Uvavanyo olunokuvelisa imifanekiso eneenkcukacha zentliziyo.
• I-Ventriculogram: Idayi ifakwa kwi-ventricle yasekhohlo yentliziyo, kwaye kuthathwa i-X-ray ukuze kubonwe ubungakanani belo gumbi kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokumpompa kwegazi.

Nangona uvavanyo lunokubonisa iindawo ezinomonakalo entliziyweni, i-coronary angiography ibalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba ayilohlaselo lwentliziyo. Oku kungenxa yokuba, ngokungafaniyo nohlaselo lwentliziyo, kwi-"Broken Heart Syndrome" imithambo yegazi esentliziyweni ayivalwanga.

Zithini iindlela zonyango?

Nangona kungekho "nyango" luthile lwe-"Broken Heart Syndrome" okanye "Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy", abantu abaninzi bayachacha ngokupheleleyo ngamayeza.

Iintlobo zamayeza asetyenziselwa unyango:

• I-Aspirin: Iphucula ukujikeleza kwegazi kwaye ithintela ukuqhekeka kwegazi.
• Ii-ACE inhibitors (ii-Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme inhibitors) okanye ii-ARB (ii-Angiotensin Receptor Blockers): Zinciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi kwaye zinciphise ukudumba entliziyweni.
• Ii-Beta-blockers: Yehlisa isantya sentliziyo.
• I-Diuretics: Yehlisa ulwelo olugqithisileyo emzimbeni.

Kunqabile kakhulu, ukuba intliziyo ifuna uncedo lokupompa igazi, kunokufuneka usebenzise isixhobo esifana ne-"intra-aortic balloon pump" okanye "left ventricular assist device".

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingxaki okanye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango?

Ngokubanzi, ezinye zeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho ngexesha lonyango lwe-`(Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy)` zezi:

• Iimpendulo ze-allergy okanye iimpendulo ezingalunganga kumayeza, okanye iingxaki ngamanye amayeza owasebenzisayo.
• Kukho umngcipheko omncinci wokopha, usulelo, amahlwili egazi, isifo sohlangothi, okanye ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo ngenxa yesixhobo sokuncedisa i-"left ventricular assist device" esingasetyenziswa rhoqo okanye "ipompo yebhaluni ye-intra-aortic".

Ndingaphila ngokukhawuleza kangakanani emva konyango?

Abantu abaninzi baqala ukuziva bebhetele xa befumana unyango lwe-"Broken Heart Syndrome." Oku kunokwenzeka ngelixa besesibhedlele, okanye kunokwenzeka kwiiyure ezimbalwa okanye kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuqala unyango.

Ngaba zikho iindlela zokuthintela oku ukuba kungenzeki?

Akukho ndlela ithile yokuthintela uphuhliso lwe-"Broken Heart Syndrome". Nangona kunjalo,Ukufunda indlela yokulawula uxinzelelo kunye neendlela zokusombulula iingxaki kunokukunceda unciphise uxinzelelo lomzimba nolwengqondo.

Iindlela zokuphumla zingaba luncedo kakhulu. Nazi ezinye zemizekelo:

• Ukuziqhelanisa neyoga, ukucamngca, ukubhala iijenali, okanye ukuqaphela izinto.
• Ukuhlamba emanzini afudumeleyo.
• Ukutsha iintonga zesiqhumiso.
• Ukuphefumla ixesha elide, nzulu nokuphefumla kancinci.

Ngokuxhomekeke kwisizathu soxinzelelo lwakho, ungathanda ukujoyina iqela lenkxaso ukuze nithethe ngalo kwaye nabelane ngamacebo okujongana nalo. Usenokufuna noncedo kumcebisi oqeqeshiweyo.

Ukongeza, ukwamkela imikhwa esempilweni kunokunceda ekulawuleni uxinzelelo lomzimba nolwengqondo. Le mikhwa ibandakanya:

• Ukutya ukutya okunesondlo (umzekelo, ukutya kwaseMeditera).
• Ukuzilolonga rhoqo (ubuncinane imizuzu engama-30 iintsuku ezintlanu ngeveki).
• Ukulala iiyure ezisixhenxe ukuya kwezilithoba yonke imihla.
• Ukuchitha ixesha nabanye abantu.
• Ukuya kwiimviwo zonyango kunye nokuhlolwa kwempilo ngexesha.
• Ziphephe iimveliso zecuba, iziyobisi, kunye nokusebenzisa utywala ngokugqithisileyo. (Ukuba ufuna uncedo lokuyeka, ugqirha wakho angakunika ingcebiso).

Ngaba le meko iza kuqhubeka isichaphazela? Ithini imbono?

"I-Broken Heart Syndrome" okanye "i-Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy" yimeko yexeshana kubantu abaninzi . Kusenokwenzeka ukuba uya kuphila ngaphandle kweengxaki zentliziyo ezihlala ixesha elide.

Ukuba une-"Broken Heart Syndrome" ngenxa yengxaki yempilo yexesha elide (efana nesifo sohlangothi, i-asthma, okanye i-seizures), bona ugqirha wakho ukuze akuncede ekulawuleni ezo ngxaki zempilo.

Kwezinye iimeko, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba uphinde uhlolwe i-echocardiogram emva kweeveki ezine ukuya kwezintandathu emva kwesi siganeko ukuqinisekisa ukuba awunazo ezinye iingxaki zempilo yentliziyo kwaye i-ventricle yakho yasekhohlo isebenza ngokuqhelekileyo kwakhona.

Le meko iza kuhlala ixesha elingakanani?

Ngokwesiqhelo, abantu bayachacha emva kwesiganeko esibangela uxinezeleko kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ukuya kwiiveki ezimbalwa. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abaninzi banokuphelelwa ngamandla kangangeenyanga emva kokuba befumene "iBroken Heart Syndrome." Oku ngamanye amaxesha kunokukhokelela kuxinzelelo. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka kuwe, qiniseka ukuba ucela uncedo kugqirha.

Imbono ye "Broken Heart Syndrome"

Abantu abafumana i-"Broken Heart Syndrome" ngenxa yemeko yempilo (efana nesifo okanye utyando) banokuba nemiphumo emibi kancinci kunabo bafumana le meko ngenxa yesiganeko sengqondo.

Nangona amadoda enamathuba amancinci okuba nale meko, amathuba amaninzi okuba neziphumo ezibi kakhulu. Oku kusenokuba kungenxa yokuba anezinye iimeko zempilo ezinzulu.

Abaphandi bafumanise ukuba ukuthatha amayeza abizwa ngokuba yi-ACE inhibitors okanye ii-ARB kwandisa ixesha lokuphila.

Izinga lokufa ngenxa ye-"Broken Heart Syndrome" liphantsi kakhulu . Liphakathi kwe-0% kunye ne-8%. Kwiimeko ezininzi, le yimeko yexeshana ephinda iphile ngokupheleleyo.

Ndingazinyamekela njani?

Kusenokufuneka uqhubeke usela amayeza akho owanikwe ngugqirha kangangeenyanga ezintathu ukuya kwezintandathu. Ukuba uneBroken Heart Syndrome, eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza ukuze uzinyamekele kukuthatha amayeza akho njengoko uyalelwe kwaye ubone ugqirha wakho njengoko kucetyisiwe. Zombini ezi zinto zibaluleke kakhulu ngenxa yeengozi zexesha elide eziza neTakotsubo Cardiomyopathy.

Le meko ingaphinda ivele, okanye ezinye iingxaki zempilo zingavela kwiiveki ukuya kwiminyaka emva kwesiganeko sokuqala. Iphinda ivele phakathi kwe-4% kunye ne-10% yabantu abaye banaso.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?

Ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu ezintsha okanye ubona utshintsho kwiimpawu zakho ezikhoyo (ingakumbi ukuba zichaphazela indlela yakho yemihla ngemihla), bona ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Ngaphandle koko, ugqirha wakho uya kukunika amadinga okulandela emva koko njengoko kufuneka.

Ufanele uye nini kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (i-ETU) ?

Ngenxa yokuba iimpawu ze-"Broken Heart Syndrome" zifana nezo zesifo sentliziyo, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka uye esibhedlele ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu zesifo sentliziyo. Ezi mpawu zezi:

• Intlungu yesifuba (i-angina).
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla.
• Ukuba ulahlekelwa yingqondo ngendlela engachazekiyo, okanye ukuba uziva unesiyezi kwaye phantse uphelelwe ngamandla izihlandlo ezininzi.
• Ukuziva ngathi intliziyo yakho ibetha ngokukhawuleza (ukubetha kwentliziyo).
• Ukuba ubetha ngesantya esingaqhelekanga okanye esicothayo, okanye ukuba uziva ngathi intliziyo yakho iyatsiba okanye ineebethi ezongezelelweyo.

Ukuba uneempawu ze-"Broken Heart Syndrome" okanye "Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy", funa uncedo lwezonyango olungxamisekileyo ngoko nangoko. Eyona ndlela yokwazi ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba unayo i-"Broken Heart Syndrome", ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo, okanye enye ingxaki yezonyango kukuvavanya.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

Ungabuza ugqirha wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• Kufuneka ndithathe amayeza achazwe ngugqirha ixesha elingakanani?
• Ngaba kufuneka ndenze naluphi na uvavanyo olongezelelweyo (uvavanyo lokulandelela)?
• Ndifanele ndize kukubona kangaphi?

Ngaba uxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo lobomi bemihla ngemihla lunokubangela "i-Broken Heart Syndrome"?

Kusenokwenzeka ukuba akunjalo. Iimpawu ziqala emva kwesiganeko esingalindelekanga okanye esixinezelekileyo kakhulu.Ukuba ufumana iintlungu zesifuba rhoqo okanye ukuphefumla kancinci nangona ujongene noxinzelelo oluphakathi lwemihla ngemihla, bona ugqirha.

Iimpawu ezihlala zihleli azisoloko ziluphawu lwe-"Broken Heart Syndrome." Ugqirha wakho angakunceda ufunde indlela yokulawula uxinzelelo, akunike amayeza ukuba ixhala liyingxaki, okanye akunike uvavanyo ukuba urhanela ukuba kukho ingxaki yempilo engafunyaniswanga.

Ingaba i-"Broken Heart Syndrome" yimeko enzima?

Akwenzeki rhoqo. Abo baneemeko ezinzima okanye ezingazinzanga banokufuna ukubekwa esweni ngokusondeleyo kwaye banokufuna unyango oluphambili, njengezixhobo zokuxhasa oomatshini.

Ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni izihlunu zentliziyo yakho zibuthathaka kangakanani, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba ubuyisele intliziyo yakho kwimeko yayo yokubuyela esiqhelweni.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Sonke siye seva abantu bethetha ngemvakalelo yokuba "nentliziyo eyaphukileyo." Kodwa i-"Broken Heart Syndrome," okanye i-Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy, yimeko yokwenyani yezonyango enokwenzeka emva kokuba ujamelene noxinzelelo lweemvakalelo okanye lomzimba ngequbuliso.

Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba le yimeko yexeshana kwaye ayibangeli monakalo ungapheliyo entliziyweni. Nangona kunjalo, kuba iimpawu zifana nezo zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo, ungaze uzixilonge kwaye ucinge ukuba une-"Broken Heart Syndrome." Soloko ujongwa kwigumbi likaxakeka. Kuphela luvavanyo olunokumisela ukuba iimpawu zentliziyo yakho zi-"heart attack", "Broken Heart Syndrome," okanye enye ingxaki yempilo.

isifo sentliziyo esaphukileyo, i - takotsubo cardiomyopathy, uhlaselo lwentliziyo, uxinzelelo, iintlungu zesifuba, ukuphefumla okufutshane, impilo yabasetyhini