Ungathanda ukwazi inani leeseli zakho ze-CD4? Masithethe!

Ngaba wakha weva nge-"CD4 cell count" okanye "T-cell test"? Mhlawumbi ugqirha wakho ukhe wathetha ngayo, okanye usenokuba ukhe weva la mazwi ndaweni ithile. Nangona kusenokubonakala kunzima kancinci, masizame ukukuqonda ngokulula. Kuba olu luvavanyo olusixelela ulwazi oluninzi olubalulekileyo malunga nempilo yenkqubo yethu yomzimba yokuzikhusela.

Ithini inani leeseli ze-CD4?

Ngamafutshane, inani leeseli ze-CD4 luvavanyo lwegazi olulinganisa inani lohlobo oluthile lweseli emhlophe yegazi kwisixa esincinci segazi lakho. Oogqirha balusebenzisa ukubona indlela i-HIV eyichaphazele ngayo inkqubo yakho yomzimba kunye nokuba unyango olufana nonyango lwe-antiretroviral (ART) lusebenza njani. Ngamanye amaxesha lusetyenziselwa ukujonga ezinye izifo.

Ubusazi na ukuba i-HIV lusulelo lwentsholongwane oluhlala ubomi bonke olutshabalalisa ngokuthe ngqo iiseli zethu ze-CD4 (ezaziwa ngokuba zii-helper T-cells okanye ii-CD4+ T-cells). Ngoko ke xa ezi T-cells ziphantsi, amandla omzimba wethu okulwa neentsholongwane nawo aphantsi.

Ithini ipesenti ye-CD4?

Ugqirha wakho angasebenzisa "ipesenti ye-CD4" ukuze afumane umbono ngempilo yenkqubo yakho yomzimba yokuzikhusela. Oku kubalwa ngokwahlula inani le-"CD4+ T cells" ngenani lilonke le-"lymphocytes" (olunye uhlobo lweseli emhlophe yegazi) aze aphindaphinde iziphumo nge-100.

Kwezinye iimeko, ukujonga nje `(inani leeseli ze-CD4)` kusenokungathembeki kangako. Umzekelo, ukuba unesifo esichaphazela inani lakho lilonke `(i-lymphocyte)`, okanye kubantu abafana nabantwana abancinci, abafazi abakhulelweyo, okanye abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala, `(ipesenti ye-CD4)` inokuba luncedo ngakumbi.

Yintoni esinokuyifunda kwinani le-CD4?

Ukubalwa kwe-CD4 kunika oogqirha ulwazi olubalulekileyo malunga nenkqubo yakho yomzimba yokuzikhusela. Ukuba olu balo lungaphezulu kwesiqhelo, lunokubonisa usulelo, ezinye izifo, okanye ukuqhubeka kosulelo lwe-HIV.

Kodwa kukho into enye ekufuneka uyikhumbule. Inani le-CD4 yakho linokwahluka kancinci imihla ngemihla. Oku kunokubangelwa zizinto ezinje ngexesha owanikela ngalo ngegazi, nokuba wawunosulelo ngelo xesha, njl. Ubudala bakho, ezinye iimeko zempilo, kunye namayeza owasebenzisayo nazo zinokuchaphazela eli nani. Yiyo loo nto oogqirha bejonga inani lakho lilonke kunye nendlela elitshintsha ngayo ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Isetyenziselwa ntoni i-CD4 count?

Ngoku makhe sibone ukuba olu vavanyo lusetyenziselwa ntoni ikakhulu.

Ukuba une-HIV:

Ukuba wosulelwe yi-HIV, oogqirha basebenzisa amanani e-CD4 uku:

• Misela inqanaba losulelo lwe-HIV (oko kukuthi, ukuba isifo sihambe kangakanani).
• Jonga indlela olusebenza ngayo unyango olubizwa ngokuba yi-"Antiretroviral Therapy - ART" .
• Hlola umngcipheko wakho wokuba ne-"Opportunistic Infections" (izifo ezinzulu ezikhula ngokulula xa amandla omzimba ebuthathaka).

Kwezinye iimeko:

Uvavanyo lweeseli ze-T ngamanye amaxesha lusetyenziselwa izinto ezifana nezi:

• Emva kokufakelwa isitho somzimba, jonga amayeza okulwa nokungafunwa.
• Jonga unyango lwezifo ezithile zokuzikhusela komzimba.
• Chonga iintlobo ezithile ze-lymphoma (umhlaza wenkqubo ye-lymphatic) kunye nezifo ezifana ne-DiGeorge syndrome.

Zenziwa nini ezi vavanyo ze-T-cell?

Xa ufunyenwe une-HIV okokuqala, ugqirha wakho uza kujonga inani lakho le-CD4. Emva koko, baza kuqhubeka besenza olu vavanyo ukuze babone ukuba uqhuba kakuhle kangakanani na kwaye amayeza akho asebenza kakuhle kangakanani na.

Xa uqala i-ART, kunokufuneka ukuba uhlolwe inani leeseli zakho ze-CD4 rhoqo kwiinyanga ezintathu ukuya kwezintandathu ekuqaleni. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ugqirha wakho unokutshintsha oku kube rhoqo kwiinyanga ezintandathu ukuya kwezilishumi elinesibini . Baza kwenza uvavanyo olwahlukileyo ukujonga umthwalo wakho wentsholongwane ye-HIV.

Uvavanyo lwe-CD4 cell count lwenziwa njani?

Kulula kakhulu. Ingcali yelabhoratri isebenzisa isampuli yegazi lakho ukufumana "inani le-CD4" yakho. Babala "ii-T-cells" kwisampuli yegazi lakho besebenzisa indlela ekhethekileyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Flow Cytometry." Kule nto, iiseli ziphawulwa ngeelebheli ezikhethekileyo.

Ndingazilungiselela njani ezi vavanyo?

Akukho mfuneko yokulungiselela okukhethekileyo. Ungatya kwaye uthathe amayeza akho njengesiqhelo.

Yintoni endimele ndiyilindele ngexesha lovavanyo?

Ugqirha okanye umongikazi uza kuthatha isampuli yegazi ngokufaka inaliti encinci emthanjeni osengalweni yakho. Usenokuziva iintlungu okanye ukungakhululeki xa inaliti ifakwa kwaye isuswa, kodwa iya kuba lixesha elifutshane kuphela. Isampuli yegazi iya kuthunyelwa kwilabhoratri ukuze ivavanywe.

Zithini iingozi zovavanyo lwe-CD4 count?

Iingozi zolu vavanyo ziphantsi kakhulu. Ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba nzima kancinci ukuba kufuneka ubhoboze inaliti izihlandlo ezininzi ukuze ufumane umthambo. Kukho iingozi ezincinci xa uthatha igazi, ezinje:

• Ukuziva unesizungu okanye utyhafile kancinci.
• Ukudumba okukhulu okanye ukuqokelelwa kwegazi phantsi kolusu (i-hematoma).
• Ukufumana usulelo.
• Ukopha okungapheliyo (oku kwenzeka rhoqo).

Luhlobo luni lweziphumo esizifumanayo?

Izibalo ze-CD4 zihlala zibonakaliswa njengenani leeseli nge-cubic millimeter nganye (i-cubic millimeter ilingana nethontsi legazi). Oku kudla ngokubhalwa njengo-“mm³” okanye “mcL” (ii-microliters) emva kwenani. Ngamanye amaxesha uya kubona nezibalo ze-CD4 njengepesenti ye-lymphocytes (iiseli zegazi ezimhlophe).

Iziphumo zingabonakala ngolu hlobo:

• Inani eliqhelekileyo le-CD4: 500mm³ ukuya kwi-1,200mm³
• Inani le-CD4 eliphantsi: ngaphantsi kwe-500mm³
• Inani eliphezulu le-CD4: ngaphezulu kwe-1,200mm³

Amaxabiso ala manqanaba "aqhelekileyo", ingakumbi umda ophezulu, anokwahluka kancinci kwezinye iilabhoratri. Ngoko ke jonga uluhlu oluqhelekileyo kwingxelo yakho.

Kuthetha ukuthini ukubala kwe-CD4 ephantsi?

Ukuba une-HIV, ukuba ne-CD4 count ephantsi kuthetha ukuba intsholongwane itshabalalise uninzi lweeseli zakho ezimhlophe zegazi kwaye yenze buthathaka inkqubo yakho yomzimba yokuzikhusela. Oku kukubeka emngciphekweni omkhulu wokufumana usulelo, olunye lwalo lunokuba yingozi ebomini. Ukuba i-CD4 count yakho ingama-200mm³ okanye ngaphantsi, kuthetha ukuba une-HIV yesigaba sesi-3, esilinqanaba le-AIDS.

Ukuba awunayo i-HIV, inani eliphantsi le-CD4 lingabangelwa zezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Olunye usulelo.
• I-Chemotherapy lunyango lomhlaza.
• Amayeza awenza buthathaka amajoni omzimba (i-immunosuppressants).

Zithini izizathu zokwanda kwenani le-CD4?

Ezinye izifo kunye nomhlaza wegazi zinokubangela ukuba inani le-CD4 libe phezulu kunomlinganiselo oqhelekileyo.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukwazi iziphumo?

Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba uza kuzifumana nini iziphumo zakho ze-CD4 count kunye nendlela oza kuzifumana ngayo (umz., ugqirha uza kukufowunela okanye akuthumelele ingxelo). Uninzi lwexesha, igazi liyatsalwa kwaye livavanywe kwiiyure ezingama-24, kodwa kungathatha ixesha elide ukuba iziphumo zifike.

Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ukuba inani lam le-CD4 liphantsi?

Ukuba iziphumo zovavanyo lwakho aziyiyo into ebilindelwe ngugqirha wakho, angakucela ukuba uphinde uvavanyo. Ngokuxhomekeke kwiziphumo zakho, ugqirha wakho angenza izinto ezifana nezi:

• Isicwangciso sakho sonyango siya kuhlala sinjalo, kwaye uya kucelwa ukuba uthathe inani lakho elilandelayo le-CD4 ngaphambi komhla obekiweyo ngaphambili.
• Ukuba inkqubo yakho yomzimba yokuzikhusela ibuthathaka kakhulu, unganikwa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane okanye amayeza okulwa neentsholongwane ukunceda ekuthinteleni usulelo.
• Kucetyiswa ukuba utshintshe uhlobo lwamayeza ``Antiretroviral - ART'' owasebenzisayo ngoku.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba unemibuzo malunga neziphumo zovavanyo lwakho, thetha nogqirha wakho. Ukuba uneempawu zosulelo (umz., iintlungu, ukudumba, ubomvu, umkhuhlane), yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka ngokukhawuleza.

Ndingayonyusa njani i-CD4 count yam?

Unyango lwe-antiretroviral (ART) ludla ngokuba luncedo kakhulu ekunciphiseni ubungakanani be-HIV emzimbeni wakho (umthwalo wentsholongwane) kunye nokunyusa inani le-CD4 yakho. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka uthathe eli yeza kanye njengoko kumiselwe. Ukuba unengxaki yokusebenzisa i-ART yakho, thetha nogqirha wakho ngayo.

Kwezinye iimeko - kubantu abangenayo i-HIV, umzekelo umntu oye wafakelwa amalungu omzimba kwaye ethatha amayeza okunciphisa amasosha omzimba - ukubala okuphantsi kwe-CD4 kunokuthetha ukuba amayeza abo asebenza kakuhle. Ngoko ke, buza ugqirha wakho ukuba ulindele ntoni ngokwemeko yakho.

Okokugqibela, khumbula oku (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ukubalwa kwe-CD4 yindlela ugqirha wakho anokubona ngayo indlela i-HIV eyichaphazele ngayo inkqubo yakho yomzimba kunye nendlela unyango lwakho olusebenza ngayo. Ngamanye amaxesha ezinye izinto zinokuchaphazela iziphumo, ngoko ungoyiki ukuba ubona inani elingalindelekanga. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba iziphumo zithetha ukuthini kunye nokuba kufuneka wenze naluphi na utshintsho kwisicwangciso sakho sonyango. Ukuthatha unyango lwe-antiretroviral (ART) rhoqo kunokunceda ukuthintela i-HIV ekubeni yonakalise inkqubo yakho yomzimba kwaye kugcine inani leeseli zakho ze-T lisempilweni.

Inani le - CD4, i-HIV, amasosha omzimba, ii-T-cells, uvavanyo lwegazi, i-ART, unyango