Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba ungazishukumisa njani iingalo nemilenze yakho ngaphandle kokucinga, ungasisusa njani isandla sakho kwinto eshushu ngaphambi kokuba siyichukumise, okanye izinto ezifana nokuphefumla kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo kwenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo ngaphandle kokuba uqonde? Konke oku kulawulwa ngasemva 'yinethiwekhi yemiyalezo' emangalisayo, ekhawulezayo emzimbeni wethu. Namhlanje sithetha ngale nkqubo imangalisayo, ebizwa ngokuba yiNkqubo yeNervous kwezonyango.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni inkqubo yemithambo-luvo?
Khawuthelekelele umzimba wakho njengesixeko esikhulu. Inkqubo yemithambo-luvo yeyona nethiwekhi yonxibelelwano ephucukileyo kweso sixeko. Kungesi sizathu ke apho imiyalezo ithunyelwa kwaye ifunyanwe ukusuka kwelinye icala lomzimba ukuya kwelinye. Iziko eliphambili, okanye igumbi lolawulo, lale nto yingqondo yethu .
Ingqondo, umqolo, kunye nemithambo-luvo ehamba emzimbeni wonke zezona ndawo ziphambili zale nkqubo. Le mithambo-luvo, esebenza njengeentambo zombane, ithwala imiyalezo esuka engqondweni iye kwezinye iindawo zomzimba, kwaye imiyalezo evela kwezinye iindawo zomzimba ibuyela engqondweni. Ukutshintshiselana ngale miyalezo, kusetyenziswa izigidi zeeseli ezincinci. Sizibiza ngokuba zii-neurons . Le miyalezo ithunyelwa ngendlela yemiqondiso yombane neyekhemikhali.
Isebenza njani le nkqubo?
Le yinkqubo emangalisayo kakhulu. Iibhiliyoni zee -neurons esithethe ngazo ngaphambili zidibene ukuze zithumele imiyalezo. Umsantsa omncinci phakathi kwe-neuron enye nenye ubizwa ngokuba yi-synapse .
Umyalezo uhamba ukusuka kwenye i-neuron ukuya kwenye udlula kule synapse. Oku kuncediswa ziikhemikhali ezikhethekileyo ezibizwa ngokuba zii-neurotransmitters . Usenokuba ukhe weva nge-dopamine kunye ne-serotonin, kodwa ziintlobo ezimbini zee-neurotransmitters.
Khawuthelekelele uhamba ngeenyawo unganxibanga nto, uze ngequbuliso uve ameva akuhlaba. Ngaloo mzuzu, imithambo-luvo esezithendeni zakho ithumela umyalezo othi, "Oku kuyabuhlungu!", ngesantya esiphezulu kwii-neurons ezikumqolo wakho ukuya engqondweni yakho. Ingqondo iyawuqonda loo myalezo ize ithumele umyalelo othi, "Susa unyawo lwakho endleleni!" Konke oku kwenzeka ngokuqhwanyaza kweliso. Eminye imiyalezo ihamba ngesantya esingaphezulu kweekhilomitha ezingama-200 ngeyure.
Iindawo eziphambili zenkqubo ye-nervous
Ngenxa yokuba ilawula phantse yonke imisebenzi emzimbeni wethu, izazinzulu zahlula inkqubo yemithambo-luvo ibe ziinxalenye ezimbini eziphambili ukuze kube lula.
| Inxalenye yenkqubo | Indima kunye nenkcazo |
|---|---|
| 1. Inkqubo yeNervous ephakathi (CNS) | Eli 'liziko lethu lolawulo'. Liquka ingqondo kunye nomqolo kuphela. Ingqondo ikhuselwe kakuhle lukhakhayi kwaye umqolo ukhuselwe ludonga lomqolo. Ukongeza, zikhuselwe ngakumbi ziimembrane ezintathu ezibizwa ngokuba yi-meninges kunye nolwelo olubizwa ngokuba yi-cerebrospinal fluid . |
| 2. Inkqubo yeNervous yePeripheral (PNS) | Olu luthungelwano lwemithambo-luvo olusuka kwingqondo nakwi-spinal cord luze lugubungele umzimba wonke. Olu lwahlulwe lwaba ziindidi ezimbini. |
| ↳ Inkqubo yeNervous eZilawulayo | Le nxalenye ilawula izinto esingenakuzilawula ngabom (isantya sentliziyo, ukuphefumla, ukubila, ukugaya). Ikwanazo neenxalenye ezimbini ezichaseneyo: iSympathetic (elungiselela umzimba 'ukulwa okanye ukubaleka' xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo) kunye neParasympathetic (enceda umzimba 'uphumle kwaye ucole'). |
| ↳ Inkqubo yeNervous yeSomatic | Le nxalenye ilawula izinto esinokuzilawula ngabom (intshukumo yemisipha, intetho) kunye neemvakalelo zethu (ukuziva, ukubona, ukuva, ukungcamla, ukuvumba). |
Ziziphi izifo ezichaphazela inkqubo yemithambo-luvo?
Nangona inkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo ikhuselekile kakuhle, njengazo zonke ezinye izitho zomzimba, inokuba nezifo ezahlukeneyo kunye nomonakalo.
Iintsholongwane
Iintsholongwane zinokungena kwinkqubo yemithambo-luvo zize zibangele izifo.
- I-Meningitis : Usulelo lwe-membranes kunye nolwelo olujikeleze ingqondo kunye nomqolo.
- I-Encephalitis: Usulelo kunye nokudumba kwengqondo.
- Ithumba lobuchopho: Ingqokelela yobofu engqondweni.
- I-Polio : Isifo esingaqhelekanga kakhulu esichaphazela imithambo-luvo.
Ukulimala okubangelwe ziingozi
Inkqubo yemithambo-luvo ingonakaliswa ziingozi zezithuthi, ukwenzakala kwezemidlalo, ukuwa, okanye iimeko ezithile zempilo.
- I-Carpal tunnel syndrome: Imeko ebangelwa kukucinezelwa komthambo omkhulu esihlahleni.
- I-nerve ecinezelweyo: I-nerve ecinezelwe zizicubu ezifana nethambo okanye izihlunu.
- I-peripheral neuropathy: Ukonakala kwemithambo-luvo engaphandle kwengqondo kunye nomqolo.
Iingxaki ezichaphazela ukusebenza kwenkqubo yemithambo-luvo
- Isifo sikaParkinson: Isifo sobuchopho esichaphazela intshukumo kwaye siwohloka ngokuhamba kwexesha.
- I-Multiple sclerosis: Isifo esonakalisa isigqubuthelo esikhuselayo esijikeleze imithambo-luvo.
- Isifo sika-Alzheimer: Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwe-dementia, olubonakaliswa kukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo kancinci kancinci.
- I-ALS (i-Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis): Isifo esibangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwemisipha.
Iingxaki zemithambo yegazi
- Istroke: Ukonakala kobuchopho okubangelwa kukuvaleka okanye ukuqhekeka komthambo wegazi ohambisa igazi engqondweni.
- I-TIA (uhlaselo lwe-ischemic oluhamba kancinci): Ukuphazamiseka okwethutyana kokunikezelwa kwegazi engqondweni.
- I-Subdural hematoma: Ukopha kufutshane nobuchopho emva kokwenzakala entloko.
Uyazi njani ukuba kukho ingxaki kwinkqubo yemithambo-luvo?
Iimpawu zengxaki yenkqubo yemithambo-luvo ziyahluka, kuxhomekeke ekubeni loluphi uhlobo lwemithambo-luvo oluchaphazelekileyo.
| Uhlobo lovalo | Iimpawu ezinokwenzeka xa zichaphazeleka |
|---|---|
| Imithambo-luvo yemoto (ilawula izihlunu kunye nentshukumo) | Iintlungu zemisipha, ubuthathaka, ukuxhuzula, ukushwabana kwemisipha, iingxaki zokuhamba kunye nokulinganisela. |
| Imithambo-luvo (ukuchukumisa, ubushushu, intlungu) | Ukuba ndindisholo, ukutsha okanye iintlungu emalungeni, ukuncipha kokuziva ubushushu/ukubanda, ubunzima bokwenza imisebenzi ebuthathaka efana nokucinezela amaqhosha. |
| Iimithambo-luvo ezizimeleyo (Ilawula izenzo ezenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo) | Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza okanye kancinci, utshintsho kuxinzelelo lwegazi, ubunzima bokuginya, ukubila kakhulu okanye ukungabila, ukuqhinwa okanye urhudo. |
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba uninzi lwezi mpawu zinokubangelwa zezinye iimeko, ngoko ke ukuba unazo ezi mpawu, kungcono uthethe nogqirha wakho ukuze ufumane ukuba kwenzeka ntoni kanye kanye.
Siyigcina njani inkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo isempilweni?
Utshintsho oluncinci kwindlela esiphila ngayo lunokunceda kakhulu ekugcineni impilo yenkqubo yemithambo-luvo.
Isondlo kunye nenkqubo yemithambo-luvo
Oko ukutyayo kuchaphazela ngqo impilo yengqondo yakho kunye nenkqubo yemithambo-luvo yakho ixesha elide. Ukutya okuqulethe ezi zondlo kubaluleke kakhulu:
- Ii-omega-3 fatty acids: Zingafumaneka kwiintlanzi ezinamafutha (i-salmon, i-mackerel, i-herring), imbewu yeflakisi, imbewu ye-chia, kunye namandongomane afana nee-walnuts.
- I-Vitamin B: Ezi zifumaneka kwinkukhu, intlanzi, amaqanda, iyogathi, iitapile, ii-peas kunye neziqhamo.
- Ii-Antioxidants: Ezi zinokufumaneka kwimifuno enemibala kunye neziqhamo, iinkozo ezipheleleyo, kunye neziqholo.
Nanini na xa kunokwenzeka, zama ukutya ukutya okupheleleyo endaweni yokutya okucutshungulweyo.
Uxinzelelo kunye nenkqubo yeemvakalelo
Ukuba uhlala uxinezelekile okanye uxhalabile, ngumthwalo omkhulu kwinkqubo yakho yemithambo-luvo. Nazi ezinye izinto onokuzenza ukuze uncede ekulawuleni oku:
- Ukuphefumla kancinci, nzulu.
- Ukutshiza amanzi amancinci ebusweni.
- Ukuzibandakanya kwimithambo efana nokuhamba nokudada.
- Ukuziqhelanisa nezinto ezinje ngokucamngca okanye i-yoga.
- Ukuba ungumntu omdala, lala kakuhle iiyure ezisi-7-9 ngosuku.
Ukuba awukwazi ukulawula ezi zinto,Bona ugqirha wakho ukuze akunike ingcebiso .
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Inkqubo yemithambo-luvo yeyona nto iphambili emzimbeni wethu, eyenziwe yingqondo, umqolo kunye nemithambo-luvo.
- Zonke iintshukumo zethu, iimvakalelo, ukubetha kwentliziyo, kunye nokuphefumla kulawulwa yile nkqubo.
- Ukutya okunesondlo, ukulawula uxinzelelo, kunye nokulala ngokwaneleyo kubalulekile kwimpilo yenkqubo yemithambo-luvo.
- Ukuba uneempawu ezinje ngokuba ndindisholo, ubuthathaka, iingxaki zokukhumbula, okanye ubunzima bokuhamba, musa ukuchitha ixesha kwaye ubone ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
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