Sele kudlule ixesha elide ukusukela oko kwaqala ubhubhane we-COVID-19. Sonke besithetha kwaye sisiva ngayo, kwaye mhlawumbi sidiniwe kancinci ngoku. Kodwa, le ntsholongwane isekhona. Ngamaxesha athile, siva ngeendidi ezintsha zale ntsholongwane. Kutshanje, uhlobo oluxhaphakileyo kwihlabathi liphela lubizwa ngokuba yi-Omicron. Ngoko ke, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngale nguqulelo ye-Omicron, iimpawu zayo, kunye nendlela esinokuzikhusela ngayo.
Yintoni le Omicron?
Ngamafutshane, i-Omicron luhlobo olutsha lwentsholongwane olubangela i-COVID-19, intsholongwane ye-SARS-CoV-2. Yaqala ukuchongwa "njengohlobo oluxhalabisayo" yi-World Health Organisation (WHO) ngoNovemba ka-2021. Ngokukhawuleza yaba lolona hlobo lubalaseleyo kwihlabathi liphela.
Ukususela ngoko, kuye kwavela ezinye ii-sub-variants ezininzi ze-Omicron. Imizekelo iquka `(BA.2)`, `(BA.4)`, `(BA.5)`, kunye `(XBB.1.16)`. Uphando lufumanise ukuba ezinye zezi sub-variants zisasazeka ngokukhawuleza kunezinye.
Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba uhlobo lwe-Omicron kunye nezinye iintlobo zalo azinzima kangako kuneentlobo zangaphambili ezifana neDelta. Kwaye isitofu se-COVID-19 sisabonelela ngethuba elihle lokuthintela ukulaliswa esibhedlele nokufa. Isitofu esitsha (esinama-bivalent) esinikwayo ngoku sijolise kwintsholongwane yokuqala kunye nohlobo lwe-Omicron.
Ngubani osengozini enkulu ye-Omicron?
Ukuba awukagonyelwa i-COVID-19, usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokufumana naluphi na uhlobo lwe-COVID. Nokuba sele ugonyelwe, usenokufumana esi sifo (usulelo oluphambili), kodwa ukuba wenza njalo, iimpawu zihlala zincinci kwaye umngcipheko wokulaliswa esibhedlele uphantsi kakhulu.
Ukongeza, umngcipheko wesifo esibi se-COVID-19 uphezulu ukuba kukho ezi zinto zilandelayo:
- Ukwaluphala: Umngcipheko uyanda njengoko amandla omzimba okuzikhusela ehla njengoko iminyaka ikhula.
- Ubuthathaka benkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela: Umngcipheko uba phezulu ukuba inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ibuthathaka ngenxa yeemeko ezifana nomhlaza, i-HIV, okanye amayeza athile.
- Ezinye izifo: Abantu abanezifo ezingapheliyo ezifana nesifo seswekile, ukutyeba kakhulu, kunye nokusilela kwentliziyo basengozini enkulu.
- Ukutshaya: Abantu abatshayayo okanye abakhe batshaya ngaphambili nabo basengozini enkulu.
Zithini iimpawu ze-Omicron?
Izifundo zokuqala zibonise ukuba iimpawu ze-Omicron variant zifana kakhulu nezomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo. Ngoko ke, iimpawu ezixhaphakileyo zidweliswe kwitheyibhile engasezantsi.
| Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ze-Omicron variant | |
|---|---|
| 🤧 Impumlo egobhozayo | 🤕 Intloko ebuhlungu |
| 😫 Ukudinwa/ukudinwa kakhulu | 🗣️ Umphimbo obuhlungu |
| 😷 Ukukhohlela | 🤧 Ukuthimla |
Kodwa khumbula oku. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ze-COVID, ezinje ngokukhohlela, umkhuhlane, kunye nokulahlekelwa yivumba okanye incasa, zisabalulekile kuyo nayiphi na into eyahlukileyo. Ngoko ke ziqaphele ezi mpawu.
Isifo singasasazeka ixesha elingakanani?
Ixesha lokufunxa intsholongwane ye-Omicron, ixesha elithathwayo ukuba intsholongwane ingene emzimbeni kwaye kubonakale iimpawu, lifutshane kunezinye iintlobo. Limalunga neentsuku ezi-3. Ukuba unesifo, ungasasaza intsholongwane kwabanye ukususela kwiintsuku ezi-1-2 ngaphambi kokuba iimpawu ziqale ukuya kwiintsuku ezi-2-3 emva kokuba iimpawu ziphelile . Ngamanye amaxesha ungasasaza isifo kwabanye nokuba awunazo iimpawu.
Masifunde ngee-Omicron sub-variants
Intsholongwane ye-Omicron nayo itshintshile ngokuhamba kwexesha, yadala ezinye iintlobo ezintsha. Makhe sijonge ezimbalwa zazo.
| Uhlobo olungaphantsi | Ulwazi olubalulekileyo |
|---|---|
| I-BA.2 ("Uhlobo olufihlakeleyo") | Kwafunyaniswa ukuba yayinosulelo olufana nolwe-Omicron (BA.1) yokuqala, kodwa ubunzulu besifo abuzange buchazwe njengobukhulu. |
| I-BA.4 kunye ne-BA.5 | Ezi ntlobo zimbini zazinomahluko kwi-'spike proteins' yentsholongwane. Oku kwazenza zibe nethuba lokuphepha ii-antibodies ezavela emzimbeni ngenxa yokugula kwangaphambili okanye ukugonywa kwaye zosulele. Uhlobo lwe-BA.5 lwasasazeka ngokukhawuleza kune-BA.4. |
| I-XBB | Olu hlobo, olwadalwa ngokuhlanganisa iintlobo ezimbini ze-BA.2, lunamandla aphezulu okuphepha amajoni omzimba. Ngenxa yoko, nomntu owayekhe waba ne-Covid ngaphambili wayesengozini yokuphinda osulelwe. |
| EG.5 ("uEris") | Olu hlobo, oluvela kwi-XBB, nalo lusasazeka ngokukhawuleza. Kodwa aluzange lufunyanwe lubangela izifo eziqatha kunezinye zangaphambili. |
Uxilongo kunye nonyango
Ukuze ufumane ukuba unayo na intsholongwane ye-COVID-19, kufuneka wenze uvavanyo lwe-COVID-19 . Ungenza uvavanyo lwe-Rapid Antigen ekhaya, okanye ungatyelela ugqirha uze ufumane uvavanyo lwe-PCR. Ukuze wazi ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba ukhe wosulelwa yi-Omicron variant, kufuneka wenze uvavanyo olunzima ngakumbi, kodwa olu vavanyo aluqhelekanga ukwenziwa kuzo zonke izigulana.
Xa kufikwa kunyango, ugqirha wakho uya kumisela unyango olungcono ngokusekelwe kwizinto ezikubangela umngcipheko. Usenokunikwa amayeza okulwa neentsholongwane okanye ii-antibody ze-monoclonal. Ii-Corticosteroids kunye nee-IL6 receptor blockers zisasetyenziswa ngempumelelo kubantu abanesifo esibi.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza ukuba uneempawu okanye ucinga ukuba usemngciphekweni. Ukuba kuvela iimpawu ezinzima (ubunzima bokuphefumla, iintlungu zesifuba), yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) esibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
Ngaba ugonyo lweCovid lukhusela kwi-Omicron?
Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo! Iigonyo ze-COVID-19 zangoku kunye needosi zokunyusa zibalulekile ekukhuseleni izifo ezinzulu, ukulaliswa esibhedlele, kunye nokufa okunokubangelwa yi-Omicron variant.
Isitofu sokunyusa i-`(Bivalent)` senzelwe ngokukodwa ukukhusela intsholongwane ye-COVID yokuqala kunye nohlobo lwe-Omicron. Ukuba ufanelekile, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufumana idosi yokunyusa i-booster. Iziphumo ezincinci ezivela ekufumaneni isitofu sokunyusa i-booster (umz., ukuqaqamba kwindawo yokujova, iintlungu zomzimba, umkhuhlane omncinci) ziya kuphela kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. Ungakhathazeki ngayo.
Ungazikhusela njani kwi-Omicron?
Kukho izinto ezimbalwa ezilula esinokuzenza ukuze sizikhusele kwi-Omicron okanye naluphi na olunye uhlobo lwe-Covid:
- Gonyelwa: Ukugonyelwa yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuthintela ukugula okunzulu kwi-COVID-19. Fumana zonke iidosi kunye nee-boosters ozifunayo.
- Nxiba imaski: Ukunxiba imaski esemgangathweni olungileyo kwiindawo ezinabantu abaninzi nangaphakathi kuya kukukhusela wena nabanye.
- Gcina umgama phakathi kwabantu: Zama ukugcina umgama wemitha enye ubuncinane kwabanye.
- Hlala ucocekile: Hlamba izandla zakho ngesepha namanzi rhoqo. Vula iifestile kwaye uphefumle kakuhle endlwini yakho.
- Zivavanye ukuba uneempawu: Ukuba uneempawu, zivavanye, kwaye ukuba ziqinisekisiwe, hlala kude nabanye abantu.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Omicron luhlobo olusasazeka ngokukhawuleza lwe-COVID-19, kodwa esi sifo asibi kakhulu kunezinye iintlobo zangaphambili.
- Iimpawu zihlala zifana nomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo, kodwa lumka iimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, ukukhohlela, kunye nokulahlekelwa yivumba/incasa.
- Ukugonywa, ingakumbi ukufumana idosi yokunyusa, yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokukhusela izifo ezinzulu nokufa.
- Amanyathelo alula okulumkisa njengokunxiba iimaski, ukuhlamba izandla, kunye nokugcina umgama phakathi kwabantu asabaluleke kakhulu.
- Ukuba uneempawu okanye ukwiqela elisengozini, ungathandabuzi ukuthetha nogqirha wakho kwaye ucele ingcebiso.
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