Ngaba ilungu losapho okanye umhlobo wakho unesifo sikaParkinson okanye ungcangcazela ngendlela engalawulekiyo? Ngamanye amaxesha, nokuba usebenzisa amayeza, kuyacaphukisa xa izinto ziba mandundu imihla ngemihla, kodwa akukho phuculo lubonakalayo. Namhlanje, sithetha ngonyango olutsha noluthembisayo oluye lwavela ngokuhambela phambili kwesayensi yezonyango. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yiDeep Brain Stimulation, okanye i-DBS ngamafutshane.
Yintoni iDeep Brain Stimulation (DBS)?
Ngamafutshane, i-DBS yinkqubo yezonyango ehambisa umbane omncinci kakhulu kwinxalenye ethile yengqondo yakho. Yicinge njengesixhobo sokunceda ingqondo. Kule nto, isixhobo esincinci sifakwa phantsi kwesikhumba kufutshane nethambo lakho lentamo. Sithumela imiqondiso yombane kwinxalenye ekunene yengqondo yakho ngentambo enye okanye ezingaphezulu ezincinci kakhulu. Ezi miqondiso zombane zivuselela kwakhona iiseli zobuchopho ezingasebenziyo. Oku kunokulawula iimpawu zeemeko ezahlukeneyo.
Ngubani ofuna olu nyango kwaye ngoba?
Iiseli zemithambo-luvo ezikwingqondo yethu, ezibizwa ngokuba zii-neurons , zinxibelelana ngemiqondiso yombane neyekhemikhali. Ezinye izifo zinokubangela ukuba umsebenzi wezi neurons kwiindawo ezithile zengqondo wehle. Emva koko imisebenzi elawulwa zezo ndawo ayisebenzi kakuhle. Umzekelo, ukuba ii-neurons ezikwinxalenye elawula intshukumo azisebenzi, kuba nzima ukuhamba okanye ukulawula amalungu akho omzimba.
Unyango lwe-DBS lusebenzisa umbane wokwenziwa ukuze luvuselele ii-neurons ezingasebenziyo, kodwa abaphandi basafunda ngokuchanekileyo indlela esebenza ngayo.
| Iimeko apho unyango lwe-DBS luvunyiweyo okwangoku | |
|---|---|
| I-Dystonia | Imeko apho izihlunu zishukuma ngokungalawulekiyo zize zenze iindlela zokuma ezingaqhelekanga. |
| Uloyiko olubalulekileyo | Imeko apho amalungu omzimba, ingakumbi izandla, engcangcazela ngokungalawulekiyo. |
| Isifo sokuwa esinganyangekiyo ngamayeza | Ukuxhuzula okunzima ukukulawula ngamayeza. |
| Isifo sikaParkinson | Xa isifo sisiya sisiba mandundu kwaye ukusebenza kakuhle kwamayeza kuncipha. |
| I-OCD engamelani namayeza | Iingcinga nezenzo ezingafunekiyo ekunzima ukuzilawula ngamayeza. |
Kubalulekile: Olu nyango lufundwa kwezinye iimeko ezininzi, kubandakanya ukuxhomekeka , isifo sika-Alzheimer , ixhala, ukudakumba okukhulu, kunye ne-Tourette syndrome, kodwa i-DBS ayikalulo unyango oluqhelekileyo kubo.
Lwenziwa njani olu tyando?
Le nkqubo ayilotyando lwexesha elinye. Idla ngokugqitywa ngotyando oluphindwe kabini okanye kathathu oluqhutywa ngeentsuku ezahlukeneyo.
Ukulungiselela ngaphambi kotyando
Ngaphambi kotyando, ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela iingenelo, iingxaki kunye neengozi zolu nyango. Uza kuyalela iimvavanyo ezininzi, ezifana ne-MRI okanye i-CT scan, ukuze abone ukuba ungumntu ofanelekileyo na kolu tyando. Kwakhona,
- Ukuthetha ngamayeza: Usenokucelwa ukuba uyeke ukusebenzisa amanye amayeza, ingakumbi amayeza okunciphisa igazi, ngaphambi kotyando. Kodwa ungaze uyeke ukusebenzisa amanye amayeza ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha wakho.
- Ukucoca: Usenokucelwa ukuba usebenzise ishampu okanye isepha ekhethekileyo ukulungiselela ulusu lwakho lwentloko kunye nolusu lwakho ngaphambi kotyando.
- Ukuzila Ukutya: KuleNgenxa yokuba uza kuba phantsi kwe-anesthesia , kuya kufuneka uyeke ukutya iiyure ezisi-8 ngaphambi kotyando kwaye usele ulwelo iiyure ezi-2 ngaphambi kokuba.
Ngexesha lotyando
Inqanaba lokuqala: Ukubekwa kwenkokeli
Olu lolona tyando lubalulekileyo. Okokuqala, intloko yakho iqiniswe kwisakhelo esikhethekileyo ukuze ingashukumi. Emva koko, kwenziwa umngxuma omncinci kakhulu ekhayeni lakho, kwaye kufakwa iingcingo ezincinci ezinee-electrode kuyo kwindawo efanelekileyo engqondweni yakho.
Okumangalisayo kukuba, usenokuba uphilile engqondweni ngexesha lotyando. Oku kungenxa yokuba ingqondo ayiziva iintlungu. Ngelixa uphilile engqondweni, oogqirha banokukucela ukuba wenze izinto ezincinci (umz., ukuhambisa isandla sakho, ukuthetha) ukuqinisekisa ukuba ucingo lukwindawo efanelekileyo.
Emva koku, uza kugcinwa phantsi kweliso esibhedlele malunga nosuku olunye uze uthunyelwe ekhaya.
Inqanaba lesibini: Ukubekwa kwePulse Generator
Olu tyando lwenziwa ngosuku olwahlukileyo. Uza kunikwa i-anesthesia eqhelekileyo. Kwenziwa utyando oluncinci entanyeni yakho, kubekho indawo encinci phantsi kolusu, kwaye kufakwa ibhetri (i-pulse generator) kuyo. Emva koko, iingcingo eziya engqondweni yakho kunye nale bhetri ziqhagamshelwe phantsi kolusu, kwaye utyando luvaliwe. Ungaya ekhaya ngaloo mini ilandelayo emva kolu tyando.
Kwenzeka ntoni emva kotyando?
Kwiiveki ezimbalwa emva kotyando, kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha wakho. Kulapho ke ibhetri (i-pulse generator) iya kulungiswa khona. Oko kuthetha ukulungisa ubungakanani kunye nepatheni yemiqondiso yombane ukuze ihambelane neempawu zakho. Kusenokufuneka ubonane nogqirha wakho amaxesha amaninzi de kube oku kulungile.
Iibhetri ezikwezi zixhobo zihlala iminyaka emi-3-5. Ezinye izixhobo ezintsha zineebhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona, ezihlala iminyaka eli-9. Kwanokutshintsha ibhetri kufuna utyando oluncinci.
| Iingenelo | Iingozi kunye neengxaki |
|---|---|
| Enye indlela elungileyo kwabo bangafumani ncedo ngamayeza. | Iingozi ezinxulumene notyando (ukopha, usulelo). |
| Unyango olutshintsha ubomi, oluphucula umgangatho wobomi. | Iingxaki ezinxulumene nezixhobo (iintambo ziyahambahamba, ibhetri iyafa). |
| Ungazitshintsha izicwangciso xa kufuneka nangaliphi na ixesha. | Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho ngexesha lokucubungula (ukulahlekelwa yibhalansi, ukudideka). |
| Ukuba unyango aluphumelelanga, isixhobo singasuswa ngotyando kwakhona. | Ukungakhululeki okwethutyana okufana nentloko ebuhlungu kunye nokungaziva mnandi. |
Ufika nini kugqirha
Ekubeni i-DBS ilutyando lobuchopho, kufuneka silumke kakhulu malunga neempawu ezithile ezilumkisayo. Ukuba kukho naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele.
- Intloko ebuhlungu engapheliyo okanye engxamisekileyo ngequbuliso.
- Ukopha ngenxa yotyando.
- Ububomvu, ukudumba, okanye ukuziva ufudumele ngokungaqhelekanga kwindawo etyumkileyo (ezi ziimpawu zosulelo).
- Utshintsho olukhawulezileyo embonweni (ukubona kabini, ukubona okufipheleyo).
- Umkhuhlane ongama-38.3 Celsius (101 Fahrenheit) okanye ngaphezulu.
Imibuzo eqhelekileyo malunga nokuhlala nesixhobo se-DBS
Ndingasebenzisa izixhobo ze-elektroniki?
Esi sixhobo asichaphazeleki zizixhobo zasekhaya ezifana nee-microwave, iikhompyutha kunye nee-smartphone. Sisenokuchaphazeleka zizixhobo zokubona isinyithi kwizikhululo zeenqwelo-moya. Uya kunikwa ikhadi lesazisi elikhethekileyo oza kulisebenzisa ngamaxesha anjalo.
Ndingayifumana i-MRI scan?
Hayi. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Umntu onesixhobo se-DBS akanakukwazi ukwenza i-MRI scan kuba amandla anamandla emagnethi kumatshini we-MRI anokonakalisa isixhobo se-DBS. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuba wazise oogqirha bakho ukuba unesixhobo se-DBS ngaphambi kokuba ufumane naluphi na unyango.
Ngaba i-DBS iyayinyanga ngokupheleleyo le sifo?
Hayi. I-DBS ayilonyango. Yenzelwe ukulawula iimpawu nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukukhuthazwa koBuchopho obuNzulu (i-DBS) lunyango oluphambili olunika ithemba kwiimeko ezifana neParkinson's kunye nesifo sokuwa esingaphenduliyo kumayeza.
- Olu lutyando lobuchopho, ngoko ke alunazo iingozi, kodwa ukuba luphumelele, lunokwenza ubomi bube lula kakhulu.
- Unyango lwe-DBS alunyangi esi sifo, kodwa lunokunceda kakhulu ekulawuleni iimpawu kwaye lukhokele umgangatho wobomi ongcono.
- Esi sisigqibo esinzulu kakhulu. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngazo zonke iinkcukacha nogqirha wakho onyangayo uze wenze isigqibo.
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