Ingaba umlenze wakho uvuvukile ngequbuliso kwaye ubuhlungu? Isenokuba yi-DVT (Deep Vein Thrombosis)

Ngaba omnye wemilenze yakho ukhe wadumba ngequbuliso waza washushu xa uwuchukumisa? Ngaba ubuhlungu xa uhamba okanye umi? Mhlawumbi ulusu lomlenze wakho lubomvu? Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba kukukruneka nje okanye ukukruneka kweqatha. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba yinto enzulu ngakumbi kwaye ifuna ingqalelo ekhawulezileyo. Namhlanje sithetha ngegazi eliqhekekileyo kwimithambo enzulu, okanye into eyaziwa ngokwezonyango njenge- Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) .

Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-DVT?

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zemithambo yegazi emzimbeni wethu. Enye yimithambo engaphezulu ebonakalayo phantsi kolusu. Enye yimithambo emikhulu egeleza nzulu emzimbeni. I-Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) kuxa i-blood clot (thrombus) isenzeka kule mithambo inzulu. Cinga ngayo njengengcezu yodaka enamathela kumbhobho wamanzi, ivala ukuhamba kwamanzi. Le gazi linokuwuvala ngokupheleleyo okanye kancinci ukuhamba kwegazi emthanjeni. Le meko ixhaphake kakhulu kwimithambo yemilenze (ingakumbi emathangeni okanye ezinqeni), nakwi-pelvis. Nangona kunjalo, kunqabile ukuba ama-blood clot akheke kwimithambo yeengalo, ingqondo, amathumbu, isibindi , okanye izintso.

Kutheni i-DVT inokuba yingozi?

Ukuba imeko ye-DVT ihlala injalo, ayisongeli ubomi. Nangona kunjalo, ingozi enkulu kukuba ihlwili legazi elenziwe ngaphakathi kulo mthambo liqhekeka apho lize liqale ukuhamba egazini. Khawucinge nje, kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ihlwili legazi eliqhekekayo (esilibiza ngokuba yi-'emboli') liya ngqo emthanjeni wegazi emaphaphu lize libambeke? Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi -Pulmonary Embolism (PE) . Le yingxamiseko eyingozi kakhulu, esongela ubomi. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukufumanisa nokunyanga esi sifo ngokukhawuleza nje ukuba ukrokrela ukuba une-DVT. Ukongeza, malunga nesiqingatha sabantu abane-DVT banokuba neengxaki zexesha elide ezibizwa ngokuba yi -Post-Thrombotic Syndrome .Oku kwenzeka xa igazi liqhekeka lisonakalisa iivalvu ezithambileyo ngaphakathi kwemithambo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba igazi lihlangane emilenzeni endaweni yokumpompa kakuhle. Oku kunokubangela ukudumba, iintlungu, ukutshintsha kombala (ukuba mdaka) kolusu, kunye namanxeba anzima ukuphola (izilonda zemithambo yegazi) kangangeenyanga okanye iminyaka.

Uyazi njani ukuba une-DVT? Zithini iimpawu?

Ayingabo bonke abantu abane-DVT abaya kuba neempawu. Malunga nama-30% abantu banokuba ne-DVT ngaphandle kweempawu. Abanye abantu banokuba neempawu ezincinci kangangokuba abaziboni nokuzibona. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iimpawu eziqhelekileyo. Ukuba unazo ezi mpawu, ingakumbi ukuba zenzeka emlenzeni omnye kuphela, kufuneka ukhathazeke.

Qaphela iimpawu ze-Pulmonary Embolism (PE)!

Abanye abantu bafumanisa ukuba bane-DVT kuphela emva kokuba igazi liqhekekile laza lanamathela emiphungeni yabo. Ngoko ke ziqaphele ezi mpawu zilandelayo.

• Intlungu yesifuba ngequbuliso
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla
• Ukukhohlela igazi
• Isiyezi (vertigo)
• Ukuphosa isipelingi

Ziziphi izinto ezibangela umngcipheko we-DVT?

Nabani na angafumana i-DVT, kodwa abanye abantu basengozini enkulu. Makhe sijonge ukuba yintoni na.

• Ukuhlala uthule ixesha elide: Khawuthelekelele uthatha ibhasi ukusuka eColombo ukuya eJaffna, eSri Lanka, okanye uthatha inqwelo moya iiyure ezininzi ukuya emaphandleni. Ngexesha lolo hambo lude, ukugcina imilenze yakho ikwindawo efanayo kunokucothisa ukujikeleza kwegazi kwaye kukhokelele ekuqhekekeni kwegazi. Kunjalo nasemva kotyando olukhulu, okanye ukuba kufuneka uhlale ebhedini iintsuku ezininzi ngenxa yokugula.
• Utyando okanye iingozi: Ukuba imithambo yonakele ngenxa yotyando okanye ingozi, umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwegazi uyanda.
• Ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-40 ubudala: Umngcipheko uyanda kancinci kancinci ngokuhamba kweminyaka.
• Ukukhulelwa kunye nokubeleka emva kokuzalwa: Umngcipheko we-DVT uphezulu ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwaye malunga neeveki ezi-6 emva kokubeleka.
• Ukutyeba/Ukutyeba kakhulu: Abantu abatyebe kakhulu basengozini enkulu.
• Ukutshaya: Ukutshaya kwandisa umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwegazi.
• Unyango lomhlaza nomhlaza: Ezinye iintlobo zonyango lomhlaza nomhlaza (umz. i-chemotherapy) ziyandisa umngcipheko we-DVT.
• Iipilisi zokulawula ukuzala okanye unyango lweehomoni: Iipilisi zokulawula ukuzala kunye nonyango lweehomoni oluqulethe ihomoni i-estrogen zinokunyusa kancinci umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwegazi.
• Imbali yosapho: Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho (umama, utata, abantakwenu noodadewabo) oye waba ne-DVT, nawe usengozini.
• Izizathu zofuzo: Abanye abantu banokuzalwa beneemeko ezibangela ukuba igazi labo lijiye lula.
• Ezinye iimeko zonyango: Izifo ezizikhusela ngokwazo emzimbeni ezifana ne-lupus, isifo samathumbu esidumbileyo, imithambo ye-varicose (imithambo ye-varicose emilenzeni), kunye nosulelo lwe-COVID-19 nazo zinokunyusa umngcipheko we-DVT.

Gqirha, ungayixilonga njani ngokuchanekileyo i-DVT?

Ukuba uneempawu ze-DVT, ugqirha wakho uza kuqala akuhlole, akubuze ngembali yakho yezonyango kunye nezinto ezikubangela umngcipheko, aze emva koko acele iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.

• I-Duplex Venous Ultrasound: Olu lolona vavanyo luphambili nolusetyenziswa kakhulu ukufumanisa i-DVT. Lufana novavanyo lomntwana. Alunantlungu. Lunokukubona ngokucacileyo ukuhamba kwegazi emithanjeni nokuba kukho na amahlwili egazi.
• I-Venography: Le ayisasetyenziswa kakhulu. Oku kuquka ukufaka ulwelo olukhethekileyo (idayi) emthanjeni kunye nokuthathwa kwe-X-ray.
• I-MRI okanye i-CT scan: Ngamanye amaxesha olu vavanyo lunokwenziwa ukuba kukho ukurhaneleka kokuba igazi liqhekekile kwimithambo enzulu, njengesisu okanye ingqondo.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi olukhethekileyo: Ukuba unesifo se-DVT ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo, okanye ukuba unembali yosapho, ugqirha wakho unokugqiba ekubeni enze uvavanyo lwegazi olukhethekileyo ukujonga iimeko zemfuza ezichaphazela ukujiya kwegazi.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango ze-DVT?

Kukho iinjongo ezimbalwa eziphambili zokunyanga i-DVT.

• Ukuthintela ukuqhekeka kwegazi ukuba kukhule.
• Ukuthintela ukuba igazi lingaphuki lize liye emiphungeni.
• Ukuyeka ukwakheka kwamahlwili egazi amatsha.
• Ukunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki zexesha elide (i-Post-Thrombotic Syndrome).

Kukho iindlela ezininzi eziphambili zonyango zokufezekisa ezi njongo.

1. Izinto zokunciphisa igazi (i-Anticoagulants)

Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-'Anticoagulants' ngesiNgesi. La mayeza asebenza ngokunciphisa amandla egazi okujiya. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba la mayeza "awayinyibilikisi" i-blood clot esele yenziwe. Endaweni yoko, ayayithintela ekubeni ibe namahlwili amakhulu kwaye amatsha angabikho. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, iinkqubo zendalo zomzimba zinokuyinyibilikisa kancinci kancinci i-blood clot. Amayeza anjenge-"Warfarin" kunye ne-"Heparin" asetyenziselwa oku. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba loluphi unyango olufanelekileyo kuwe kunye nokuba kufuneka ulithathe ixesha elingakanani. Ngokwesiqhelo, kuya kufuneka uthabathe eli chiza iinyanga ezi-3-6, okanye kwabanye abantu, ubomi bakho bonke.

2. Iisokisi zoxinzelelo

Ezi azifani neekawusi eziqhelekileyo. Ezi ziikawusi ezenzelwe ngokukodwa ezilingana kakuhle neengqayi. Zenziwe ukuba ziqine kakhulu kwiingqayi kwaye zinciphe kancinci kancinci ukuya emadolweni. Oku kunceda igazi lihambe ngemilenze ngaphandle kokuma. Ukuzinxiba imini yonke kunokunciphisa ukudumba kunye nentlungu emilenzeni malunga nama-50%.

3. Isihluzo se-IVC

Olu nyango alufanele wonke umntu. Lucetyiswa kubantu abangakwaziyo ukuthatha amayeza okunciphisa igazi, okanye abafumana amahlwili egazi ngelixa bewathatha. Apha, kufakwa isixhobo esincinci esifana ne-mesh ('isihluzo') kumthambo oyintloko womzimba, i-'Vena Cava'. Oku kwenzelwa ukubamba ihlwili legazi eliqhekekileyo emlenzeni ngaphambi kokuba liye emiphungeni.

Ndingayithintela njani i-DVT ukuba ingaphindi ivele?

Wakuba une-DVT, kubalulekile ukuyithintela ukuba ingaphindi yenzeke. Kwakhona, ukuba usemngciphekweni we-DVT, kufuneka uthathe amanyathelo okuthintela ukuba ingaphindi yenzeke.

Ukuba sele unayo i-DVT:

• Sela amayeza anikwe ngugqirha ngqo nangexesha elifanelekileyo. Ungaphoswa nalusuku olunye.
• Yiya kwiikliniki nakwiimvavanyo zegazi ngemihla emiselweyo.
• Yamkela indlela yokuphila esempilweni (ukutya okunempilo, ukuzilolonga, kunye nokuphepha ukutshaya).

Ukuba usemngciphekweni we-DVT, ukuze uyithintele:

• Xa uhamba uhambo olude: Sukuma uhambe ubuncinci kanye ngeyure. Xa uhleli, yenza umthambo omncinci njengokujikeleza amaqatha akho kunye nokuhambisa iinzwane zakho phezulu nasezantsi.
• Emva kotyando: Phuma ebhedini uze uqale ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza. Yenza njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuxelela.
• Sela amanzi aneleyo rhoqo.
• Thetha nogqirha wakho uze ufumane iingcebiso ngeendlela zokunciphisa umngcipheko wakho.

I-DVT, i-Deep Vein Thrombosis, amaQonga eGazi, amaQonga eGazi eMithanjeni, ukuDumba kweMilenze, i-Pulmonary Embolism, i-Blood Thinners, i-Anticoagulants, amayeza okunciphisa igazi, iintlungu zeMilenze