Khawuthelekelele, umntu omaziyo, okanye umntu odlulayo, ngequbuliso ulahlekelwa ziingqondo aze awe phantsi. Akaphefumli, akaziva nentliziyo yakhe ibetha... Namhlanje sithetha ngesixhobo esimangalisayo esinokusindisa ubomi kwimeko engxamisekileyo, idabi phakathi kobomi nokufa. Nangona abantu abaninzi beyibonile kwiimuvi, bambalwa abaziyo ukuba isebenza njani ngokwenene. Le yi-defibrillator.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-defibrillator?
I-defibrillator sisixhobo sezonyango esisetyenziselwa ukubuyisela isingqisho sentliziyo esiyingozi nesingaqhelekanga ngokuhambisa umothuko wombane olawulwayo entliziyweni. Ngokuchanekileyo, iyawumisa okwethutyana umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo kwaye iyinike ithuba lokuqalisa isingqisho esichanekileyo kwakhona.
Oku kuyimfuneko kakhulu kwiimeko ezimbini ze-heart rhythmias ezingaqhelekanga (arrhythmias) ezenzeka kumagumbi asezantsi entliziyo, ii-ventricles, kwaye zinokubeka ubomi esichengeni ngoko nangoko.
1. I-Ventricular Tachycardia (VT) (xa kungekho pulse) - intliziyo ibetha ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, kodwa ayisebenzi kakuhle.
2. I-Ventricular Fibrillation (VF) - Xa izihlunu zentliziyo zifinyela ngokungacwangciswanga kwaye zingadibani, ngokungathi ziyaqhaqhazela. Kwimeko enjalo, intliziyo ayipompeli igazi emzimbeni konke konke.
Zombini ezi meko zinokubangela ukuba intliziyo iyeke ukubetha ngequbuliso, apho intliziyo iyeka ukubetha ngokupheleleyo.
Ngubani osidingayo esi sixhobo?
Oku singakubona ngeendlela ezimbini eziphambili. Enye yeyokusetyenziswa kwiimeko zikaxakeka ezibhedlele nakwiindawo zikawonke-wonke ezifana nezikhululo zeenqwelo-moya kunye neevenkile ezinkulu. Enye yezixhobo ezinikwa izigulana ezisengozini enkulu yokubetha kwentliziyo okusongela ubomi ukuze zisetyenziswe zodwa.
Khawucinge nje, ukuba umntu ngequbuliso uhlaselwa yintliziyo, yonke imizuzwana edlulayo de kufike i-ambulensi okanye umntu asiwe esibhedlele ixabiseke kakhulu. Ngelo xesha , i-AED (Automated External Defibrillator) kwindawo kawonke-wonke inethuba elikhulu lokusindisa ubomi.
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zee-personal defibrillators. Ukutshona kombane okubangelwa zezi zinto ngamanye amaxesha kunokuvakala ngathi kukubetha ngamandla esifubeni.
| Uhlobo lwezixhobo | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Isixhobo sokuzicoca esinxibekayo seCardioverter (WCD) | Esi sisixhobo esinxitywa phantsi kwempahla efana nevesti. Iisensa ezinamathele eluswini zihlala zijonga ukubetha kwentliziyo. Ukuba kufunyenwe isigqi esiyingozi, ngokuzenzekelayo sibangela ukubetheka kombane. |
| I-ICD (ICD) ye-ICD (ICD) | Esi sisixhobo esincinci esifakelwa ngotyando phantsi kwesikhumba sesifuba. Sifana ne-pacemaker. Kodwa eyona nto ikhethekileyo kwesi sixhobo kukuba asilawuli nje kuphela isantya sentliziyo ukuba siyehla, kodwa sikwabona isigqi esikhawulezayo esisongela ubomi kwaye sinike umothuko wombane ukubuyisela intliziyo kwimeko yesiqhelo. |
Isebenza njani i-defibrillator?
Ukuba umntu ngequbuliso uwile engqondweni, into yokuqala ekufuneka uyenze kukufowunela u-1990 ngoko nangoko uze wazise inkonzo ye-ambulensi. Emva koko, ukuba uqeqeshwe, kufuneka uqalise i-CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) . I-CPR inokunceda ukugcina unikezelo lweoksijini engqondweni nakwamanye amalungu omzimba de kubekho i-defibrillator.
Wakuba ufumane i-defibrillator (ingakumbi i-AED), nantsi indlela yokuyisebenzisa:
1. Vula isixhobo: Wakuba ucinezele iqhosha kwii-AED ezininzi, liyavuleka kwaye linike imiyalelo ecacileyo yelizwi malunga nento omawuyenze ngokulandelayo.
2. Ukuncamathisela iiPads: Iipads ezimbini ezincamathiselweyo eziqhotyoshelwe kumatshini mazisuswe kwimpahla yesigulane zize zincamathiselwe esifubeni esingenanto. Enye mayincamathiselwe ngaphantsi kwegxalaba lasekunene kwaye enye ingaphantsi kwengono yasekhohlo. Iindawo apho iipads kufuneka zincamathiselwe khona ziboniswe kumzobo kwiipads ngokwazo.
3. Uhlalutyo lwesingqisho: Emva kokuncamathisela iphedi, umatshini uza kuhlalutya ngokuzenzekelayo isingqisho sentliziyo. Akukhuthazwa ukuba uchukumise isigulana ngeli xesha. Umatshini uza kunika isilumkiso esithi "Uhlalutya isingqisho sentliziyo, ungachukumisi isigulana".
4. Ukuhambisa umbane otshotshozayo: Ukuba umatshini ufumanisa ukuba kufuneka umbane otshotshozayo, utshaja ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye unike isignali yokuhambisa umbane otshotshozayo. Ngokwesiqhelo, uyalelwa ukuba ucinezele iqhosha elikhulu.
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Ngaphambi kokuba ucinezele iqhosha lokutsho, khwaza uthi "Wonke umntu makacoceke!" kwaye uqiniseke ngokupheleleyo ukuba akukho mntu uchukumisa isigulana okanye ibhedi esikuyo. Ngaphandle koko, nabo banokubanjwa ngumbane.
Olu qhushumbo lombane lubangela ukuba izihlunu zentliziyo zime okomzuzwana, nto leyo evumela i-pacemaker yendalo yentliziyo ukuba ilawule kwakhona kwaye iqalise isigqi esiqhelekileyo.
Kwenzeka ntoni emva kokothuka?
Emva kokwenza i-shock, kufuneka uqalise kwakhona i-CPR kwakhona imizuzu emibini. Kuphela emva koko kufuneka ujonge ukuba i-pulse iyasebenza na kwaye iphefumla kakuhle na. Ukuba i-heart rhythm ayikabuyi, amaqela ezonyango anokunika i-shocks ezingaphezulu kunye namayeza anjenge -epinephrine okanye i-amiodarone .
Kwezinye iimeko, isigulana sisenokungaqondi nokuba isantya sentliziyo sibuyele esiqhelweni. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, unyango lwe-hypothermia lunokwenziwa esibhedlele ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokonakala kwengqondo.
Iingenelo, iingozi, kunye nokubuyiselwa kwimeko yesiqhelo
| Icandelo | Yintoni ekufuneka uyazi |
|---|---|
| Iingenelo | Ukuba kusetyenziswa i-defibrillator ukuze kusetyenziswe isigqi sentliziyo esichanekileyo (VF/VT) kwaye ngexesha elifanelekileyo (kwimizuzu eli-10), amathuba okusindisa ubomi makhulu kakhulu. |
| Iingozi | Ukuba kusetyenziswa i-defibrillator kwi-heart rhythm engaqhelekanga, inokubangela i-heart rhythm eyingozi (ventricular fibrillation) kwaye ibangele ukuba intliziyo ime. Ii-AED zenzelwe ukuphelisa le ngozi. Kuba isixhobo ngokwaso sihlalutya i-rhythm size sigqibe ukuba i-shock iyafuneka okanye ayifuneki. |
| Ukuchacha | Ukuchacha emva kokuma kwentliziyo ngequbuliso kunye nokunciphisa umzimba luhambo olude olunokuthatha iinyanga okanye iminyaka. Kunokubakho iingxaki ezifana nokudinwa, ukonakala kweembambo ngexesha le-CPR, kunye nobunzima bokuhamba. Unyango olufana nonyango lomzimba kunye nonyango lomsebenzi lunokufuneka. |
Bona ugqirha wakho.
Ukuba unesixhobo se-ICD, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha wakho rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba sisebenza kakuhle. Ngokwesiqhelo kufuneka utyando ukuze kutshintshwe ibhetri rhoqo emva kweminyaka emi-5-7. Ungaze uyeke ukuthatha amayeza ugqirha wakho akunike wona. Ukuba uneengxaki, thetha nogqirha wakho ngawo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-defibrillator sisixhobo esibalulekileyo esisindisa ubomi xa intliziyo ibambekile ngequbuliso.
- Ii-AED kwiindawo zikawonke-wonke zingasetyenziswa lula nangumntu ongaqeqeshwanga ngokulandela imiyalelo yelizwi.
- Kuphephe ukuchukumisa isigulane okanye ibhedi esikuyo xa sisenza umbane. Eli linyathelo lokhuseleko elibaluleke kakhulu.
- Ukuba unesixhobo se-ICD esifakelweyo, kubalulekile ukuba uhlale unxibelelana nogqirha wakho rhoqo kwaye uhlolwe rhoqo.
- Ukuba ubona umntu ewa ngequbuliso, into yokuqala omawuyenze kukufowunela u-1990 ngoko nangoko uze ubize inkonzo ye-ambulensi yongxamiseko.
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