Ngaba nawe uyoyika iDengue Fever? Masithethe ngale nto ngokulula!

Kwilizwe lethu, i-dengue sisifo esihlala sithethwa ngaso kwaye senza umzimba urhawuzelele kancinci. Ingakumbi ngexesha lemvula, nokuba ufumana umkhuhlane omncinci, usenoloyiko lokuba "Owu, andazi ukuba yi-dengue." Sonke siyazi ukuba isasazeka ziingcongconi. Ngoko ke, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngokucacileyo nangokulula malunga nokuba yintoni kanye kanye i-dengue fever, indlela esinokuyilumkela ngayo, kunye nento esinokuyenza ukuba siyayifumana. Akukho nto yokoyika, masiqaphele!

Yintoni iDengue Fever?

Ngamafutshane, i-dengue fever sisifo esinokufunyanwa xa ulunywe yingcongconi ephethe enye yeentlobo ezine ze-dengue virus (DENV). Le ntsholongwane ixhaphake kakhulu kumazwe anemozulu efudumeleyo nefumileyo. Oko kuthetha ukuba ixhaphakile kwiindawo ezifana noMbindi noMzantsi Melika, eAfrika, kwamanye amazwe aseAsia (kuquka neSri Lanka yethu!) kunye neZiqithi zePasifiki.

Into ebalulekileyo kukuba umkhuhlane we-dengue awudluliselwa ngqo ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye. Ngokungafaniyo nomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo, nangona kunjalo, ukuba umama okhulelweyo ufumana i-dengue, inokudluliselwa kumntwana wakhe. Uninzi lwexesha, ukuba ufumana i-dengue okokuqala, iimpawu aziyi kuba zimbi kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uphinde wayifumana ngohlobo olwahlukileyo lwe-dengue virus ``(DENV)``, umngcipheko weengxaki ezinkulu uphezulu.

Ngubani ochaphazeleka kakhulu yi-dengue fever?

ESri Lanka, sikwindawo apho i-dengue ixhaphake khona. Ngoko ke, abo bahlala kwiindawo ezinjalo kunye nabo bahambayo baya kuzo basengozini enkulu yokufumana i-dengue. Kuthiwa ngaphezulu kwesiqingatha sabemi behlabathi bajongene nale ngozi. Ingakumbi abantwana abancinci kunye nabantu abadala basengozini enkulu yokugula kakhulu ukuba banokufumana i-dengue.

Ngokutsho kweWorld Health Organisation, malunga nezigidi ezingama-400 zabantu bafumana idengue minyaka le. Kodwa okumangalisayo kukuba, malunga ne-80% yaba bantu abanazo iimpawu.

Ngaba kukho ukhuseleko lomzimba kwi-dengue fever?

Ewe, wakuba ufumene intsholongwane yedengue, umzimba wakho ukhusela olo hlobo. Oku kuthetha ukuba amathuba okuba uhlaselwe yintsholongwane yedengue kwakhona aphantsi kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ibali elinzima apha. Kuba, ubuncinane kukho iintlobo ezine zentsholongwane yedengue ``(DENV)``.

Cinga ngale ndlela: inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela yomzimba ifana nomkhosi wokuzikhusela osebenza kakuhle kakhulu. Xa sigula, lo mkhosi udala izixhobo ezikhethekileyo (sizibiza ngokuba zii-antibodies) zokulwa eso sifo. Ezi antibodies zifana nezihluthulelo, zenzelwe ukufanisa kuphela intsholongwane ekuthethwa ngayo. Ngoko ke, ukuba loo ntsholongwane iyabuya, ezi antibodies ziya kuyibamba ziyitshabalalise.

Ngoku, xa ufumana uhlobo olunye lwentsholongwane yedengue, wenza ii-antibodies ezifanelekileyo. Kodwa, ukuba wosulelwa luhlobo olwahlukileyo lwentsholongwane yedengue kamva, ezo antibodies ezindala azifani ngqo nentsholongwane entsha. Kule ndawo, intsholongwane entsha isebenzisa eli thuba lokungafani. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-"antibody-dependent enhancement". Ngamafutshane, nangona i-antibody endala ibamba intsholongwane entsha, endaweni yokuyitshabalalisa, inceda intsholongwane ukuba ingene kwiiseli zomzimba. Kufana nesela elingena emzimbeni njengomntu elimaziyo. Ngenxa yoku, intsholongwane isasazeka ngokulula emzimbeni,Esi sifo sinokuba nzima ngakumbi.

Zithini iimpawu zomkhuhlane wedengue?

Sihlala sithi i-dengue ayibangeli zimpawu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kukho iimpawu, ezi zezona zidla ngokubonakala:

• Umkhuhlane ophezulu (malunga nama-40 degrees Celsius / 104 degrees Fahrenheit)
• Ukuqhambuka kwesikhumba okubomvu
• Intlungu ebuhlungu phantsi kwamehlo
• Isicaphucaphu okanye ukuhlanza
• Intlungu ebuhlungu kwizihlunu, emathanjeni, nasemalungeni (yingakho abanye abantu beyibiza ngokuba yi "breakbone fever")

Iimpawu zedengue zihlala ziqala ukubonakala phakathi kweentsuku ezi-4 ukuya kwezili-10 emva kokulunywa yingcongconi kwaye zinokuhlala phakathi kweentsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezisi-7. Malunga nomntu omnye kwabangamashumi amabini abanesifo sedengue uya kuba nesifo sedengue esibi njengoko iimpawu zokuqala ziphela.

Umkhuhlane onzima weDengue okanye iDengue

Eli lelona nqanaba liyingozi kakhulu lomkhuhlane wedengue. Eli lixakeka lezonyango elinokuba yingozi ebomini. Iimpawu ezilumkisayo zedengue enzima zihlala zibonakala emva kweeyure ezingama-24 ukuya kuma-48 emva kokuba umkhuhlane wakho uphelile.

Ukuba une-dengue, okanye ukuba uhlala kwindawo apho i-dengue ixhaphake khona, kwaye ufumanisa naziphi na ezi mpawu zilandelayo, yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka lesibhedlele esikufutshane ngoko nangoko. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu!

• Intlungu ebuhlungu yesisu
• Ukuhlanza rhoqo
• Ukuhlanza igazi okanye ukuphalaza igazi esitulweni
• Ukopha kwempumlo okanye iintsini eziphuma igazi
• Ukudinwa kakhulu, ukungazinzi, okanye ukucaphuka

Yintoni ebangela umkhuhlane wedengue?

Umkhuhlane weDengue ubangelwa yenye yeentlobo ezine zentsholongwane yeDengue esizikhankanyileyo ngaphambili. Xa ingcongconi ephethe intsholongwane yeDengue ikuluma, intsholongwane ingena egazini lakho ize iqale ukwanda (ukwenza iikopi) apho. Yile ntsholongwane kunye nempendulo yomzimba wakho kuyo ekwenza uzive ugula.

Ngamanye amaxesha, le ntsholongwane inokutshabalalisa iiseli ezinceda ukujiya kwegazi (iiplatelets), kwaye yonakalise imithambo yegazi yakho. Kunye noku, iikhemikhali ezithile eziveliswa yinkqubo yakho yokuzikhusela komzimba zinokubangela ukuba igazi liphume kwimithambo yegazi yakho. Oku kunokukhokelela ekuphumeni kwegazi ngaphakathi, olu luphawu olusongela ubomi lwe-dengue enzima.

Isasazeka njani i-dengue fever?

Umkhuhlane weDengue usasazwa ziingcongconi zeAedes . Ezi ngcongconi zisasaza nezinye iintsholongwane ezifana neZika kunye neChikungunya. Nantsi into eyenzekayo: Ingcongconi iluma umntu onomkhuhlane weDengue. Emva koko, xa loo ngcongconi iluma omnye umntu, intsholongwane idlulela kuloo mntu mtsha.

Ngaba i-dengue fever iyosulela?

Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, i-dengue fever ayidluliselwa ngqo ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye. Oko kukuthi, ayidluliselwa ngokuchukumisa okanye ukuthetha njengomkhuhlane. Eyona ndlela ikuphela kwayo kukuba umama okhulelweyo afumane i-dengue aze ayidlulisele kumntwana wakhe. Oku kunokwenzeka nokuba ngexesha lokukhulelwa okanye ngexesha lokubeleka.

Ungayixilonga njani i-dengue fever?

Eyona ndlela yokwazi ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba unesifo se-dengue fever kukwenza uvavanyo lwegazi . Ugqirha wakho uza kuthatha isampuli yegazi lakho emthanjeni aze alithumele kwilebhu ukuze ajonge iimpawu zentsholongwane ye-dengue. Oku ngamanye amaxesha kunokubonisa ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwentsholongwane ye-dengue onayo kwiintlobo ezine. Kunokujonga nezinye iintsholongwane ezibangela iimpawu ezifanayo.

Inyangwa njani i-dengue fever?

Akukho nyango luchanekileyo lomkhuhlane wedengue okwangoku. Oko kuthetha ukuba akukho nyango linokubulala intsholongwane. Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika iingcebiso malunga nendlela yokulawula iimpawu zakho kunye nexesha lokuya esibhedlele.

Ungazilawula njani iimpawu ze-dengue?

Unyango olulodwa kuphela lomkhuhlane wedengue kukulawula iimpawu. Landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo. Ezi zingabandakanya:

• Sela amanzi amaninzi kunye nolwelo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala unamanzi aneleyo. Ukusela izinto ezifana neJeevani nako kulungile.
• Phumla kangangoko unako. Musa ukuzibhokoxa umzimba wakho.
• Sebenzisa i-acetaminophen kuphela (umz., iTylenol®, iPanadol) kwiintlungu.

Isilumkiso: Musa ukuthatha amayeza okudambisa iintlungu afana ne-ibuprofen (umz., i-Advil®) okanye i-aspirin nangasiphi na isizathu! Ukusebenzisa ezi zinto kunokunyusa umngcipheko wokopha ngaphakathi. Oku kuyingozi kakhulu.

Yintoni onokuyenza ukuze uzikhusele kwi-dengue fever?

Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuzikhusela kwi-dengue fever kukuzikhusela kwiingcongconi. Zininzi izinto onokuzenza ukunceda:

• Sebenzisa izinto zokugxotha iiMosquito. Ukusebenzisa isixovulelo esivunyiweyo yi-EPA esine-20% ukuya kwi-30% ye-DEET kunokunceda ukukhusela kwiingcongconi ze-Aedes.
• Nxiba impahla egquma umzimba wakho xa ungaphandle, ingakumbi ebusuku (xa iingcongconi zixhaphake kakhulu).
• Susa amanzi amileyo. Susa amanzi kwiibhakethi, kwiibhakethi, kwiitayara ezindala, kwiindawo zokuhlambela iintaka, njl.njl. Zalisa nayiphi na imingxunya enokuqokelela amanzi. Ezi ziindawo apho iingcongconi zibeka amaqanda azo khona.
• Ukuze uthintele iingcongconi ukuba zingangeni ekhayeni lakho, faka izikrini kwiifestile nakwiingcango, ulungise nayiphi na imingxunya, kwaye ugcine iifestile neengcango zivaliwe ukuba kunokwenzeka.
• Sebenzisa inethi yokuthintela iingcongconi xa ulele ebusuku kwiindawo ezithandwa yi-dengue.
• Ukuba ukhulelwe, kuphephe ukuya kwiindawo ezithandwa kakhulu yi-dengue kangangoko unako.
• Ukuba uya kuhambo oluya kwenye indawo, jongana nemibutho efana neCDC (iZiko loLawulo lweZifo) ngaphambi kokuba uye kubona ukuba kukho ubhubhane wesifo kuloo ndawo.

Kukho imigonyo emibini yedengue (e-United States, inye kuphela). Le migonyo idla ngokucetyiswa kubantwana abahlala kwiindawo apho idengue ixhaphake khona. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abadala abasengozini enkulu yokufumana idengue ngamanye amaxesha banokuyifumana le migonyo. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto.

Yintoni onokuyilindela ukuba unesifo se-dengue fever?

Uninzi lwezifo ze-dengue azinazo iimpawu okanye azibonakali kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha zinokuba nzima kakhulu kwaye zifune unyango olukhawulezileyo.

Iimpawu zokuqala ze-dengue fever zingathatha iintsuku ezintathu ukuya kwezisixhenxe. Uninzi lwabantu luyaphola emva koko. Nangona kunjalo, abanye baba ne-dengue fever enzima nesongela ubomi kwaye kufuneka balale esibhedlele.

Uninzi lwabantu luyasinda kwi-dengue fever ngaphandle kweengxaki ezihlala ixesha elide. Ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu ze-dengue, kukho ithuba eli-1 kuphela kuma-20 lokuba i-dengue ibe yi-dengue enzima. Ukuba unesifo se-dengue esinzima kwaye ufuna unyango ngokukhawuleza esibhedlele okanye kwiziko lezonyango, amathuba akho okuchacha angaphezu kwama-99%.

Iingxaki ze-dengue fever ngexesha lokukhulelwa

Ukuba ufumana i-dengue fever ngelixa ukhulelwe, inokubangela ukuphuphuma kwesisu, ukuzalwa komntwana obunzima obuphantsi, okanye ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha . Ngoko ke, ukuthatha amanyathelo okuzikhusela wena nomntwana wakho kwi-dengue ngexesha lokukhulelwa kubaluleke kakhulu kukhuseleko lwakho.

Ingafunyanwa kangaphi i-dengue fever?

Ewe. Ngenxa yokuba kukho ubuncinane iintlobo ezine zentsholongwane yedengue, ungayifumana idengue ngaphezu kwesinye.

Ngokwesiqhelo, umzimba wakho ukhusela uhlobo lwentsholongwane oyifumana kuqala, ngoko akunakwenzeka ukuba uphinde ugule yintsholongwane enjalo. Nangona kunjalo, ungagula ngenye yezinye iintlobo ezintathu zentsholongwane kamva. Enyanisweni, ukuba ufumana i-dengue ngaphezu kwesinye, usenokuba sengozini yokugula kakhulu. Oku kubalulekile ukukhumbula.

Ukuba ndikhe ndane-dengue ngaphambili, ndingazinyamekela njani?

Ukuba ukhe waba ne-dengue ngaphambili, usengozini enkulu yokugula kakhulu ukuba wosulelwe lolunye uhlobo lwentsholongwane kwixesha elizayo. Ngoko ke, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokugonywa. Kwakhona, thatha amanyathelo ongezelelweyo okuzikhusela kwiingcongconi, ingakumbi ukuba uhlala kwindawo apho i-dengue ixhaphake khona.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba uhlala kwindawo apho i-dengue ixhaphake khona, okanye usandul’ ukuya kuyo, kwaye ubonakalisa iimpawu ze-dengue, bona ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Uza kukucebisa ngendlela yokuzinyamekela kunye nexesha lokufuna unyango olongezelelweyo.

Ndingaya nini kwiSebe leeNgxamiseko (i-ETU) ?

Ukuba uneempawu ezilumkisayo ze-dengue enzima (umz., iintlungu zesisu eziqatha, ukuhlanza okungapheliyo, ukopha, ukudinwa kakhulu), yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka elikufutshane ngokukhawuleza, nokuba iimpawu zakho zokuqala ziphelile. I-dengue enzima inokuba yingozi ebomini ngokukhawuleza. Musa ukuyithatha lula le nto.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

• Ndingayifumana i-dengue vaccine?
• Ngawaphi amayeza endingawaselayo xa ndinengxaki yesifo?
• Zeziphi iimpawu ekufuneka ndiye kwigumbi likaxakeka ukuze ndizifumane?

Ngaba i-dengue iyingozi ngaphezu kwe-malaria?

Hayi. Nangona izinga lokufa ngenxa yezi zifo zombini liphantsi, imalariya iyingozi kakhulu kunedengue kwihlabathi liphela.

Ehlabathini lonke, malunga nabantu abangama-40,000 babulawa yi-dengue fever kubantu abamalunga nezigidi ezingama-400 ngonyaka (oko kukuthi malunga ne-0.01%). Nangona kunjalo, malunga nabantu abangama-627,000 babulawa yimalariya kubantu abamalunga nezigidi ezingama-271 (oko kukuthi malunga ne-0.3%).

Kodwa khumbula, ubukhali besifo ngasinye buyahluka kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi. Abantwana eAfrika basengozini enkulu yokufa ngenxa yemalariya, kwaye abantu baseAsia bachatshazelwa kakhulu yidengue.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Izigidi zabantu zifumana umkhuhlane wedengue minyaka le. Uninzi lwexesha awubi kakhulu, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha akukho zimpawu kwaphela. Kodwa kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika xa ucinga ngomkhuhlane wedengue onzima. Kukho nebali elithi igama elithi "dengue" livela kwigama lomoya ongendawo okholelwa ukuba ngunobangela wesifo.

Kodwa, iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba ungazikhusela kwiingcongconi kwaye uqaphele iimpawu ezilumkisayo zedengue enzima. Ukuba uyagula ngelixa useluhambeni, qaphela apho ungafumana khona unyango olungxamisekileyo. Nokuba ufumana idengue enzima, ukuba ufuna unyango kwangoko, unethuba elingcono lokuchacha ngokupheleleyo. Ngoko ke, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuphepha, uhlale unolwazi, kwaye uqaphele.

I- Dengue, ingcongconi, umkhuhlane, iimpawu, ukopha, unyango, uthintelo