Njengomama okanye utata , nawe uziva uyoyika kancinci kwaye ungathandabuzi xa usiya kunika umntwana wakho isitofu sokugonya, akunjalo? Kuqhelekile kakhulu. Olu loyiko luye lwandiswa libali elinye elisasazekayo kuluntu. Lelo libali elithi "izitofu zibangela i-autism ebantwaneni." Ngaba oku kuyinyani? Okanye ngaba yimpazamo enkulu? Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokwembono yesayensi, kodwa ngolwimi olulula kakhulu onokuluqonda.
Iqale njani le bali? - Impikiswano ngogonyo lwe-MMR
Eli bali lonke liqala ngo-1998. Umphandi eNgilane, uGqr. Andrew Wakefield, upapasha iphepha lophando apho athi kukho unxibelelwano phakathi kwesitofu se-MMR , esikhusela kwi-measles, i-mumps, kunye ne-rubella, kunye ne-autism.
Khawucinge nje, olu phando lwenziwe kusetyenziswa abantwana abali-12 kuphela . Kodwa ngelo xesha, inani labantwana abafunyaniswe bene-autism lalisanda, ngoko ke olu phando luncinci lwaba ludumo kakhulu kwihlabathi liphela. Abazali babesoyika kakhulu.
Emva kwesi siganeko, abanye oogqirha kunye nososayensi kwihlabathi liphela baqala ukukhangela oku. Benza ezinye izifundo ezininzi malunga nogonyo lwe-MMR kunye ne-autism. Ubuncinane izifundo ezili-12 ezinjalo zenziwe. Akukho namnye kubo owafumana ubungqina bokuba ugonyo lwe-MMR lubangela i-autism.
Okubaluleke kakhulu, uphando olunzulu lophando luka-1998 olwaqala ukubangela eli bali lwatyhila iimpazamo ezinkulu kunye nobuqhetseba. Ekugqibeleni, ngo-2010, uMcebisi Jikelele wezeMpilo waseNgilani wabhengeza ngokusesikweni ukuba olu phononongo alusekelwanga kwisayensi eneziphene kuphela, kodwa lwalukwayinkohliso eyenziwe ngabom . Ilayisenisi yezonyango kaGqr. Wakefield, owayeqhuba olu phando, yarhoxiswa. Uphando lwatyhila ukuba ugqirha wayefumene isixa esikhulu semali (esingaphezulu kwe-435,000 pounds sterling) kwigqwetha elaliphanda unxibelelwano phakathi kwamayeza okugonya kunye ne-autism.
Ngamafutshane, isiqalo sale bali esoyikise ihlabathi lonke bubuxoki nobuqhetseba.
Ngoko ke yintoni ibali ngeThimerosal?
Emva konyaka emva kwesiganeko se-MMR, olu loyiko lwatshintshela kwenye indawo. Yayiyi-compound ebizwa ngokuba yi- 'Thimerosal ', eyayisetyenziselwa ukugcina ezinye izitofu. Yayine-mercury encinci. Ngoko ke xa uthi "i-mercury", wonke umntu uyoyika, kuba siyazi ukuba i-mercury iyingozi engqondweni xa isetyenziswa kakhulu.
Kodwa inyani yile: Ezi gonyo zazinemilinganiselo emincinci kakhulu, engenabungozi ye-Kwakungekho bungqina besayensi bokuba yayibangela ingozi. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yoloyiko lwabazali kunye nokurhanelwa, ngo-2001, ngesicelo semibutho efana ne-American Academy of Pediatrics, i-thimerosal yayisusiwe kwiigonyo ezininzi zabantwana.
Ngoko ke, abaphandi bajonga ukuba ngaba kukho umahluko na kumazinga e-autism phakathi kwabantwana abafumene iigonyo ezine-thimerosal kunye nabo bangazange bafumane. Emva kokwenza malunga nezifundo ezi-9 ezinjalo, akukho khonkco lifunyenweyo.
Ubungqina obungcono kukuba nangona i-thimerosal phantse isusiwe ngokupheleleyo kwiigonyo , inani labantwana abafunyaniswe bene-autism laqhubeka lisanda. Ngoko ke kuyacaca ukuba i-thimerosal ayingonobangela we-autism, akunjalo?
Ingaba yingxaki ukunika zonke izitofu kunye?
Abanye bacinga ukuba, "Ezi azizo nje izitofu zokugonya esinye okanye ezibini, zinikwa malunga ne-25 ngaphambi kokuba umntwana abe neminyaka emibini ubudala. Xa zonke ezi zingena emzimbeni womntwana, 'umthwalo omninzi' uya kuphazamisa inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela yomntwana kwaye ubangele i-autism."
Kuye kwakho izifundo eziphanda oku. Zithelekise amaqela amabini abantwana.
1. Abantwana abafumene zonke izitofu ngokweshedyuli ecwangcisiweyo.
2. Abantwana abalibazisayo ukufumana ugonyo okanye abaphoswanga zigonyo ezithile.
Isiphumo saba yintoni? Akukho mahluko kwizinga le-autism phakathi kwala maqela mabini. Oku kuthetha ukuba inani lee-vaccine okanye ulandelelwano lwazo azizange zibangele i-autism.
| Intsomi Eqhelekileyo | Inyani yeSayensi |
|---|---|
| Ugonyo lwe-MMR lubangela i-autism. | Olu luvo lusekelwe kuphando oluncinci oluneziphene. Olu luvo luye lwaphikiswa ngokupheleleyo zizifundo ezinkulu ezingaphezu kweshumi elinesibini ezalandelayo. |
| I-Thimerosal (i-mercury) kwiigonyo ibangela i-autism. | Akukho bungqina bokuba inani elikwiigonyo liyingozi. Inyani yokuba amazinga e-autism anyukile nasemva kokuba isusiwe kwiigonyo ibonisa ukuba ayisiyo imbangela. |
| Ukunika iigonyo ezininzi ngexesha elinye ebuntwaneni kubangela i-autism. | Uphando alufumananga mahluko kumazinga e-autism phakathi kwabantwana abafumene iigonyo njengoko bekucwangcisiwe kunye nabo bangazange bazifumane/bazifumane emva kwexesha. |
Okokugqibela, yintoni isayensi?
Eli bali lineminyaka engaphezu kwama-20 ubudala. Kulo lonke eli xesha, izazi zakudala kwihlabathi liphela beziphanda oku.
- Ngowama-2004, iKomiti yoHlolo loKhuseleko lweZitofu ze-Institute of Medicine iphonononge lonke uphando olushicilelweyo nolungashicilelwanga ngalo mba yaza yakhupha ingxelo enamaphepha angama-200. Isigqibo sabo yayikukuba akukho bungqina bonxibelelwano phakathi kwezitofu kunye ne-autism .
- Olu phando aluzange luphelele apho. Ngo-2019, kwenziwa uphando olukhulu kakhulu . Luhlolisise phantse abantwana abangama-660,000 abaneminyaka engaphezu kwe-11 ubudala. Isigqibo sokugqibela yayikukuba akukho nxibelelwano phakathi kwamayeza okugonya kunye ne-autism .
Eyona nto ingqinwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngamawaka ezifundo zesayensi kukuba akukho nxibelelwano phakathi kwamayeza okugonya kunye ne-autism. Amayeza okugonya sisixhobo sikaThixo esikhusela abantwana bethu kwizifo ezinzulu nezibulalayo ezifana ne-masisi, ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo, kunye ne-polio.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Iigonyo azibangeli i-autism. Le yinyani yesayensi eye yangqinwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngamashumi eminyaka namawaka ezifundo.
- Uphononongo lokuqala oludibanisa imijovo kunye ne-autism lubonakaliswe njengobuqhetseba obungabom.
- Ukugonywa yeyona ndlela ilungileyo nekhuselekileyo yokukhusela ubomi bomntwana wakho kwizifo ezibulalayo ezinokubangela ukufa.
- Ukuba unemibuzo okanye uloyiko malunga nokugonywa, nceda ungathembeli kulwazi olufumaneka kwi-intanethi okanye kwimidiya yoluntu, kodwa qhagamshelana nogqirha wakho wosapho okanye ugqirha wabantwana . Baza kukunika ulwazi oluchanekileyo.
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