Ingaba intliziyo yakho yosulelekile? Masithethe nge-(Endocarditis)!

Ngaba wakha weva ukuba intliziyo inokosulelwa? Ngamanye amaxesha oku kunokuba yingozi kakhulu. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngemeko echaphazela ulwelo lwangaphakathi lwentliziyo. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-'(Endocarditis)'. Ngenxa yokuba oku kunokuba yingozi kakhulu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukwazi oku.

Ngoko ke yintoni le `(Endocarditis)`?

Ngamafutshane, i-Endocarditis kukudumba okanye ukudumba kwengaphakathi lentliziyo yakho, inwebu ebhityileyo ejikeleze amagumbi kwaye ngakumbi iivalvu zentliziyo - siyibiza ngokuba yi-endocardium. Njengeendonga zendlu, intliziyo ikwanayo nenwebu ebhityileyo ngaphakathi. Yiyo leyo i-endocardium.

Ngenxa yokudumba, ukukhula okuncinci, okufana nokuhluma, kuqala ukwakheka kulwelo lwangaphakathi lwentliziyo. Sibiza ezi zityalo ngokuthi 'zizityalo'. Njengoko ezi 'zityalo' ziqhubeka, izicubu zentliziyo ezijikelezileyo ziqala ukutshatyalaliswa kancinci kancinci. Kufana nesinambuzane esitya igqabi emthini. Oku kunokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kwiivalvu zentliziyo yakho. Ukuba ayinyangwa, '(i-Endocarditis)' inokubulala. Ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela oku.

Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili ze-`(Endocarditis)`?

Ngoku khangela, kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili ze-`(Endocarditis)`.

1. I-Infective Endocarditis

2. I-Endocarditis engeyosulelo

1. Yintoni i-Infective Endocarditis?

Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwe-endocarditis. Okwenzekayo apha kukuba iintsholongwane - ezihlala zintsholongwane - zinamathela kwizicubu ezonakeleyo zentliziyo yakho zize zibangele usulelo. Oogqirha ngamanye amaxesha babiza oku ngokuthi yi-bacterial endocarditis okanye i-BE.

Kule `(Infective Endocarditis)`, `(izityalo)` ezikhankanyiweyo ngaphambili zenziwe zezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Izinto eziphilayo ezisulelayo (ezifana neebhaktheriya okanye ngamanye amaxesha iifungi)
• `(I-Fibrin)` (Le yiproteni enceda ukujiya kwegazi)
• Iiplatelets (iziqwenga ezincinci zeeseli egazini)

Cinga nje, njengokufaka ibhandeji enxebeni, ezi ntsholongwane, `(Fibrin)` kunye `(Platelets)` ziyadibana ukuze zenze ezo `(izityalo)` ngaphakathi entliziyweni.

2. Yintoni i-Non-infectious Endocarditis?

Olu hlobo aluqhelekanga. Nalapha, ezo `(izityalo)` zenzeka kumaleko angaphakathi entliziyo, kodwa unobangela asikosulelo. Yiyo loo nto ezi zibizwa ngokuba `(izityalo ezingeyontsholongwane)`, oko kuthetha `(izityalo)` ezingenazo iintsholongwane.

I-endocarditis engeyiyo eyosulelayo yimeko enxulunyaniswa neemeko ezenza igazi lakho lijiye lula ("imeko enokujiya kwegazi kakhulu"). Umzekelo:

• `(Isifo se-Antiphospholipid)`
• `(Lupus)` (Abanye abantu bakwabiza oku ngokuthi `(Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)`)

Oogqirha basebenzisa amanye amagama aliqela kwesi sifo (i-Non-infective Endocarditis):

• `(Libman-Sacks endocarditis)`
• `(I-endocarditis ye-thrombotic engeyiyo intsholongwane)` okanye `(NBTE)`
• `(Isifo sentliziyo iMarantic)`

Zithini iimpawu ze-`(Endocarditis)`? Ungayibona njani?

Ngoku makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi iimpawu ezinokubakho kule meko `(Endocarditis)`. Kufuneka ulumke kakhulu ngezi mpawu.

Iimpawu ze-Infective Endocarditis:

Ezi zezona mpawu zibonakala kakhulu:

• Iintlungu zesifuba
• Isandi sentliziyo esingaqhelekanga ("ukugquma kwentliziyo" okuviwa ngugqirha xa emamele nge"stethoscope")
• Ukwanda kwesantya sentliziyo (iTachycardia)
• Ukudinwa
• Umkhuhlane (unokuba ngaphezulu kwama-38.4°C okanye ama-100°F)
• Ukugodola kunye nokubila ebusuku
• Ukulahlekelwa ngumdla wokutya kunye nokunciphisa umzimba
• Iintlungu zemisipha kunye namalungu
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla (`(Dyspnea)`)
• Irhashalala lolusu, oko kukuthi, irhashalala efana nerhashalala.
• Ukudumba esiswini okanye emilenzeni
• Igazi kumchamo (`(Hematuria)`)

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ukuba unale mpawu, kufuneka uye kwigumbi likaxakeka esibhedlele ngoko nangoko. I-Infective Endocarditis yimeko esongela ubomi.

Imeko `(Infective Endocarditis)` inokuchaphazela ngeendlela ezimbini:

• I-Acute: Oku kuqala ngequbuliso. Kunokuba yingozi ebomini kwiintsuku ezimbalwa, kunye neempawu ezifana nomkhuhlane ophezulu kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza.
• I-Subacute: Le yinkqubo eyenzeka kancinci kancinci. Iimpawu zinokuvela kancinci kancinci kangangeeveki okanye iinyanga.

Iimpawu ze-Endocarditis engeyosulelo:

Akusoloko kukho iimpawu ezithile ezinxulumene nolu hlobo lwe-endocarditis. Nangona kunjalo, usenokuba neempawu zesifo esithile (njenge-lupus) esibangela esi sifo. Uninzi lwabantu abane-endocarditis engeyoyosulelo abazi ukuba banaso, kwaye sifunyanwa ngengozi ngexesha lovavanyo lwentliziyo (njenge-echocardiogram) ngesinye isizathu. Ngamanye amaxesha, esi sifo sifunyanwa ngexesha lokuhlolwa kwesidumbu.

Zithini izizathu ze-Endocarditis?

Amaxesha amaninzi, eyona nto ibangela i-endocarditis kusulelo lwebhaktheriya . Ezi bhaktheriya zingena egazini lakho zivela kwenye indawo emzimbeni wakho - umzekelo, emlonyeni wakho, eluswini, okanye kwinkqubo yokuphefumla - kwaye zihamba ngegazi ziye entliziyweni yakho.

Khawucinge nje, ukuba sinenxeba emlonyeni, ukuba kukho iintsholongwane ngasemva kwamazinyo ethu, ukuba sikhupha izinyo, ngamanye amaxesha ezo ntsholongwane zinokungena egazini.

Izicubu zentliziyo eziphilileyo zihlala zixhathisa usulelo. Oko kukuthi, azisuleleki lula. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kukho umonakalo okanye ubuthathaka entliziyweni, amathuba okuba `(Endocarditis)` aphezulu. Ezo ntsholongwane ziyafika zinamathele kwizicubu ezonakeleyo zize ziqale ukukhula apho. Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, zenza oko kubizwa ngokuba yi`(izityalo)`, kwaye zivelisa nee-enzymes ezahlukeneyo. Ngenxa yale nkqubo, izicubu ezijikeleze intliziyo ziqala ukutshatyalaliswa. Ngokuchanekileyo, iivalvu zentliziyo zezona zonakele kakhulu.

Zeziphi izinto ezinyusa umngcipheko wokufumana `(i-Endocarditis)`?

Ngokubanzi, `(Endocarditis)` ayisosifo siqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto ezithile ezinyusa umngcipheko wakho wokufumana esi sifo. Makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi:

• Ukuba unevalvu yentliziyo eyenziweyo, i-pacemaker, okanye i-defibrillator efakwe entliziyweni yakho, kulula ukuba iintsholongwane zinamathele kwezi zixhobo.
• Ukuba unesifo seswekile, isifo seswekile sinokunciphisa amandla omzimba okulwa nosulelo.
• Ezinye izifo zentliziyo, ingakumbi isifo sevalvu yentliziyo kunye ne-hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (ukuqina okungaqhelekanga kwemisipha yentliziyo).
• Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ngemithambo yegazi (ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ezine-IV). Oku kunokungenisa iintsholongwane ngqo egazini ngokusebenzisa iinaliti ezingacocekanga.
• Impilo yamazinyo engentle kunye nesifo seentsini. Iintsholongwane emlonyeni zinokungena egazini ziye entliziyweni.
• Ukuba sele ukhe wanesifo sentliziyo (i-Bacterial Endocarditis) ngaphambili.
• Ukuba ukhe watyandwa ivalvu yentliziyo ngaphambili.
• Ukuba inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ibuthathaka, izifo ezifana ne-HIV/AIDS, unyango lomhlaza, okanye amayeza athile zinokwenza inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ibe buthathaka.

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho ze-`(Endocarditis)`?

I-Endocarditis ayisiyonto ithathwa lula. Ukuba ayifunyaniswanga kwaye inyangwe kwangethuba, inokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezinkulu. Nantsi into enokwenzeka:

• Ukungaqhelekanga kwi-rhythm yentliziyo (i-Arrhythmia)
• Amathumba ajikeleze iivalvu zentliziyo
• Ukuvaleka kwentliziyo ( ukuphazamiseka kwemiqondiso yombane yentliziyo)
• Ukusilela kwentliziyo (ukusilela kwentliziyo)
• Ivalvu yentliziyo evuzayo
• I-Sepsis (usulelo olunzima olusasazeka emzimbeni wonke)
• Istroke (ukuba iziqwenga zezityalo ziyaqhekeka zize zivale umthambo wegazi engqondweni)
• Nokufa kunokwenzeka.

Yiyo loo nto sisithi cela ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza ukuba uneempawu, kuba ukuba ezi ngxaki ziyenzeka, imeko inokuba mandundu kakhulu.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani i-Endocarditis?

Ukuba uneempawu ze-`(Endocarditis)` kwaye unezinto ezinokubangela umngcipheko, ugqirha wakho uya kuzama ukukuxilonga ngokukhawuleza, kuba kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqala unyango ngokukhawuleza.

Uvavanyo olufana nolu lwenziwa ukuze kufunyaniswe i-Endocarditis:

Uvavanyo lwegazi:

• Uvavanyo lwenkcubeko yebhaktheriya: Olu vavanyo lunokumisela ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwebhaktheriya egazini lakho. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ekukhetheni unyango.
• Ubalo lwegazi olupheleleyo (CBC): Olu luhlu lunokusetyenziselwa ukujonga inani leeseli egazini nokunika umbono wosulelo.
• Uvavanyo lweprotheyini evuselelayo (CRP): Oku kubonisa ukuba kukho ukudumba emzimbeni.

Uvavanyo lomfanekiso:

Olu vavanyo lunokujonga "izityalo" zentliziyo kunye nomonakalo entliziyweni. Ugqirha wakho angacebisa olunye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi vavanyo:

• I-Echocardiogram: Oku kufana ne-ultrasound scan yentliziyo. Ingajonga ukusebenza kwentliziyo, imeko yeevalvu, kunye nokuba kukho naziphi na izityalo.
• I-Transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE): Oku kuquka ukudlulisa umbhobho omncinci oxhotyiswe ngekhamera emqaleni ukuze ufumane umbono ocacileyo wentliziyo nge-esophagus. Ingavelisa imifanekiso ecacileyo kune-echocardiogram eqhelekileyo.
• I-MRI yentliziyo: Oku kunokubonelela ngemifanekiso eneenkcukacha zentliziyo.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-`(Endocarditis)`?

I-Endocarditis sisifo esithintela ubomi. Unyango olukhawulezileyo luyafuneka ukuze kuthintelwe umonakalo kwiivalvu zentliziyo yakho kwaye kuthintelwe iingxaki ezingakumbi.

Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane:

Kuya kufuneka uthathe amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane (i-IV antibiotics) kangangeeveki ezininzi - ngesiqhelo malunga neeveki ezintandathu . Oku kuya kuyinyanga ngokupheleleyo intsholongwane. Nje ukuba uhlobo oluchanekileyo lwebhaktheriya egazini lakho lwaziwe, ugqirha wakho unokutshintsha amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ukuze afanele.

Kuyo yonke indlela onyangwa ngayo, ugqirha wakho uya kujonga rhoqo iimpawu zakho ukuze abone ukuba unyango luyasebenza na. Baza kuphinda novavanyo lokukhula kwebhaktheriya.

Utyando:

Ukuba i-endocarditis yonakalise enye yeevalvu zentliziyo yakho okanye enye indawo yentliziyo yakho, unokufuna utyando. Umzekelo, unokufuna ukulungisa ivalvu eyonakeleyo okanye ufake ivalvu entsha.

Ngaba esi sifo singathintelwa?

I-Endocarditis ayinakuthintelwa rhoqo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokufumana esi sifo (uyakhumbula izinto ezinobungozi ezikhankanyiweyo ngaphambili?), okanye ukuba ukhe waba ne-endocarditis ngaphambili, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba uthathe amayeza okuthintela umhlaza ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe ezinye iinkqubo zamazinyo. Imizekelo yeenkqubo zamazinyo ezinjalo ibandakanya:

• Unyango lweentsini zakho
• Unyango olunxulumene nendawo ejikeleze amazinyo akho
• Unyango olunxulumene ne-mucosa yomlomo

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazisa oogqirha bakho (iingcali zonyango kunye noogqirha bamazinyo) ukuba unesifo sentliziyo esikubeka emngciphekweni omkhulu wokufumana `(i-Endocarditis)`. Kwakhona, gcina into efana nekhadi lesazisi ebhegini yakho equka izikhokelo ezifunekayo zokusebenzisa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. `(i-American Heart Association)` inika amakhadi anjalo (eSri Lanka, ungabuza ugqirha wakho ngale nto).

Ukuba ndine-`(Endocarditis)`, ndimele ndilindele ntoni?

Ungalindela ukuthatha amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kangangeeveki ezimbini ukuya kwezisibhozo ukuze ucoce usulelo. Uninzi lwabantu luyaphola kwi-endocarditis ngonyango olufanelekileyo nolukhawulezileyo. Nangona kunjalo, umngcipheko weengxaki ezinkulu okanye ukufa uxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nezi:

• iminyaka yakho
• Nokuba unayo okanye awunayo ivalvu yentliziyo yokwenziwa
• Ixesha elide kangakanani usulelo lukhona
• Luhlobo luni lwesidalwa (uhlobo lwebhaktheriya) olukwenze wagula?
• Ungakanani umonakalo owenziweyo kwivalvu yentliziyo yakho?

Ugqirha wakho angakunika umbono ongcono wento omawuyilindele ngokwemeko yakho.

Ngonyango oluhle, uninzi lwabantu luyaphola kwi-`(Endocarditis)`. Qaphela iimpawu ze-`(Endocarditis)` kwaye uye kwigumbi likaxakeka ngokukhawuleza ukuba ucinga ukuba unayo. Kwakhona, ukugcina amazinyo akho nomlomo wakho ucocekile kunokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba ne-`(Endocarditis)`. Oku kuquka ukuxubha amazinyo akho yonke imihla kunye nokubona ugqirha wamazinyo rhoqo ukuze ahlolwe.

Ngoko ke, zeziphi izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka sizikhumbule kweli bali?

Kulungile, ngoko ke sithethe kakhulu nge-`(Endocarditis)`. Ngamafutshane, kufanelekile ukukhumbula la manqaku:

• I-Endocarditis kukudumba kwengaphakathi lentliziyo, ingakumbi iivalvu. Eyona nto ibangela oku kukwasuleleka yintsholongwane.
• Ukuba uneempawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, ukugodola, ukudinwa, ukuphefumla kancinci, okanye iintlungu zesifuba , musa ukuzithatha lula. Lumka ngakumbi ngezi mpawu ukuba unesifo sentliziyo, ivalvu yentliziyo yokufakelwa, okanye umngcipheko ofana nesifo seswekile.
• Ukuba kuvela iimpawu,Musa ukuchitha ixesha kwaye funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko. Unyango olukhawulezileyo lunokusindisa ubomi kwaye luthintele iingxaki ezinkulu.
• Ukunyamekela impilo yomlomo wakho kubaluleke kakhulu. Hlamba amazinyo akho kakuhle yonke imihla kwaye ubone ugqirha wamazinyo rhoqo. Oku kuya kunceda ukuthintela `(i-Endocarditis)`.
• Ukuba usengozini enkulu ye-endocarditis, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba kufuneka uthathe amayeza okuthintela umhlaza ngaphambi kokuba unyangwe ngamazinyo.

Khumbula, olu lwazi lolokufundisa, hayi olokukwenza uzive ungoyiki. Ukwazi kubaluleke kakhulu kubomi obusempilweni. Ukuba uneengxaki, ungaze woyike ukuthetha nogqirha.

I- Endocarditis, usulelo lwentliziyo, iivalvu zentliziyo, iibhaktheriya, umkhuhlane, ukuphefumla nzima, impilo yamazinyo