Ngaba ukhe waphawula indlela ethandwa ngayo 'i-vaping'—ukusebenzisa isixhobo se-elektroniki ukuphefumla umphunga—kulutsha namhlanje? Abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba yindlela ekhuselekileyo yokutshintsha iicuba zesintu. Nangona kunjalo, uyazi ukuba iingcali zonyango ngoku ziphakamisa inkxalabo malunga nokwenzakala kwemiphunga okutsha nokuyingozi okunxulunyaniswa nalo mkhwa? Ibizwa ngokuba yi -EVALI . Masichaze ukuba le meko iyintoni ngokwenene ngamazwi alula nacacileyo.
Yintoni i-EVALI?
Ngamafutshane, i-EVALI sisifinyezo segama elithi 'i-e-cigarette, okanye i-vaping, ukwenzakala kwemiphunga okunxulumene nokusetyenziswa kwemveliso.' Ngokwenyani, ibhekisa kumonakalo wemiphunga onxulumene ngqo nokusetyenziswa kweecuba ze-elektroniki okanye iimveliso ze-vaping. Le meko ibangela ukudumba okukhulu kunye nomonakalo wezicubu emiphungeni yakho.
Isixhobo se-elektroniki osisebenzisayo xa ukhupha i-vaping sisebenza ngokufudumeza ulwelo olune -nicotine kunye neencasa ezahlukeneyo. Amasuntswana amancinci akwezi mphunga zezona zinto ziphambili ezibangela le ngozi yemiphunga. Okuphawulekayo kukuba, i-EVALI inokukhula ebantwini nokuba abakaphumi i-vaping kangangeentsuku ezingama-90 ngaphambi kokuba kubonakale iimpawu.
I-EVALI ingabonakala njengemeko ekhawulezileyo ebonakala ngequbuliso, okanye inokukhula kancinci kancinci njengoko iimpawu zisiya zisiba mandundu. Kwiimeko ezinzima, le meko inokuba yingozi ebomini .
Ibaluleke kangakanani i-EVALI?
Le yimeko yezonyango enzulu kakhulu . Iingxelo ezivela eMelika zibonisa ukuba ama-90% abantu abafunyaniswe bene-EVALI babefuna ukulaliswa esibhedlele. Ekuqaleni kuka-2020, phantse abantu abangama-3,000 abalaliswe esibhedlele kunye nabantu abamalunga nama-70 abafayo babangelwa yile meko. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ubunzulu bale ngozi kwimpilo.
Ingaba le yingxaki yexesha elide?
I-EVALI luxilongo olutsha, kwaye amatyala okuqala axelwe e-US ngo-2019. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, iingcali zonyango kunye nabaphandi abakaqiniseki ngemiphumo yexesha elide okanye imbonakalo yempilo ekugqibeleni kwizigulane. Ngamanye amazwi, asikaqondi ngokupheleleyo ukuba zeziphi iingxaki zempilo zexesha elide ezinokuvela emva koxilongo lwe-EVALI.
Zithini iimpawu ze-EVALI?
Makhe sijonge iimpawu ezinxulumene ne-EVALI. Ukuba ufumana nayiphi na kwezi, ingakumbi ukuba ungumntu osebenzisa i-vaper, kubalulekile ukuba ufune iingcebiso zonyango ngoko nangoko.
- Intlungu yesifuba: Ihlala ivakala njengemvakalelo yokuqina okanye yokuthintelwa.
- Ukukhwehlela: Oku kungaba kukukhwehlela okomileyo okanye okubangela i-phlegm.
- Ukuphefumla kancinci (ukuphelelwa ngamandla): Usenokuziva ungaphefumli kwanaxa uphumle, kungekuphela nje ngexesha lokuzilolonga.
- Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza ( i-tachycardia ): Imvakalelo yentliziyo ekhawulezayo okanye ebetha ngamandla ngendlela engaqhelekanga.
- Intlungu zesisu .
- Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza .
- Urhudo .
- Ifiva .
- Ukugodola (okufana neempawu zomkhuhlane).
- Ukwehla kobunzima ngendlela engachazekiyo: Ukuba unciphisa ubunzima ngaphandle kokutshintsha indlela otya ngayo okanye indlela owusebenzisa ngayo umthambo, olu luphawu olubalulekileyo lwesilumkiso.
Khumbula, kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, i-EVALI inokukhokelela ekufeni . Musa ukuyityeshela le miqondiso yesilumkiso.
Yintoni ebangela i-EVALI?
Isizathu esiphambili kukusetyenziswa kwee -e-cigarettes kunye ne-vapingNangona abaphandi besafunda ukuba zeziphi iikhemikhali ezithile kwi-e-liquids ezibangela oku kuvutha , kukho unxibelelwano oluqinileyo ne -Vitamin E acetate .
I-Vitamin E acetate luhlobo lokwenziwa lwe-Vitamin E. Abanye abavelisi bayongeza kwi-e-liquids equlethe i-THC (ikhemikhali echaphazela ingqondo kwi-cannabis). Nangona i-Vitamin E acetate ikhuselekile xa ityiwa okanye isetyenziswa kwiikhrimu zasekhaya, ukuyiphefumla njengomphunga oshushu kunokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kwizicubu zakho zemiphunga.
Ngaba i-EVALI inokunyangeka?
Nangona uqikelelo lwexesha elide lusafundwa, ubungqina bangoku bubonisa ukuba ukuba uyeka ukutshaya umsi ngoko nangoko uze ufumane unyango olukhawulezileyo, umonakalo wemiphunga ovela kwi-EVALI unokulawulwa kwaye uphuculwe. Ukuthatha amanyathelo akhawulezileyo kubalulekile ukuze uphile.
Ngubani osengozini enkulu ye-EVALI?
Nabani na osebenzisa i-vape usemngciphekweni we-EVALI. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abathile basengozini enkulu yokuba nesifo esinzima kangangokuba kufuneka bangeniswe esibhedlele, kuquka:
- Abantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-35 ubudala , njengoko kubonakala rhoqo kubantu abancinci.
- Abo bapheka iimveliso ezine-THC.
- Abasebenzisi abafumana ulwelo oluphuma kwi-vaping kwimithombo engekho mthethweni okanye engekho mthethweni (njengeemarike ezikwi-intanethi okanye abahlobo). Ezi mveliso zinokuba nezongezo ezingaziwayo neziyingozi.
Ifunyanwa njani i-EVALI?
Ukuchonga i-EVALI kunokuba nzima kuba iimpawu zayo ziyahambelana nezinye izifo ezininzi zemiphunga ezifana ne-asthma kunye ne-pneumonia. Ugqirha uza kuvavanya imbali yakho epheleleyo yezonyango aze enze uvavanyo lomzimba , oluquka ukusebenzisa i-stethoscope ukumamela imiphunga yakho (i-auscultation). Banokukubuza imibuzo ethile, efana nale:
- Zeziphi iimpawu onazo?
- Ngaba uyavape?
- Ngaba ukhe wasebenzisa i-vape kwiinyanga ezintathu ezidlulileyo?
- Ngaba uyisebenzisa i-nicotine, i-THC, okanye zombini?
- Uyifumene phi i-e-liquid yakho (ikhemesti, umhlobo, kwi-intanethi)?
Kubalulekile ukunika ulwazi oluchanekileyo nolunyanisekileyo , kuba oko kuvumela ugqirha wakho ukuba enze uxilongo oluchanekileyo. Kunokufuneka uvavanyo olongezelelweyo ukuqinisekisa imeko.
Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezisetyenziswayo ukuchonga i-EVALI?
Ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kwe-EVALI, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela ezi mvavanyo zilandelayo:
- Ukujonga amanqanaba eoksijini egazini : Olu vavanyo lulinganisa ukuba ingakanani ioksijini egazini lakho. Amanqanaba aphantsi eoksijini anokubonisa umonakalo emaphaphu. Oku kungenziwa ngovavanyo lwegazi okanye isixhobo esincinci, esingenabuhlungu esiqhotyoshelwe emnweni wakho esibizwa ngokuba yi-pulse oximetry.
- Uvavanyo lwemifanekiso: Ezi ziinkqubo ezilula nezingenabuhlungu ezivumela oogqirha ukuba babone umonakalo owenzekileyo emiphungeni. Ungathathwa i-X-ray yesifuba okanye i-CT scan.
- Uvavanyo lomsebenzi wemiphunga (ii-PFT): Olu vavanyo luvavanya indlela imiphunga yakho esebenza ngayo. Lulinganisa ubunzulu onokuphefumla ngayo kunye nokuba ungaphefumla ngamandla kangakanani.
Iphathwa njani i-EVALI?
Ngenxa yokuba iimpawu ze-EVALI zifana nezo zosulelo lwemiphunga, ugqirha wakho unokuqala ngokukunika amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane okanye amayeza okulwa neentsholongwane ukuthintela usulelo. Ngaphaya koku, isicwangciso sakho sonyango eNirogi Lanka sinokuquka:
- IiCorticosteroids: La mayeza asetyenziselwa ukunciphisa ukudumba (ukudumba) ngaphakathi kwemiphunga. Angafakwa nge-inhaler okanye njengomphunga nge-nebulizer.
- Unyango lweoksijini: Oku kubonelela ngeoksijini eyongezelelweyo, edla ngokuhanjiswa nge-cannula yempumlo—ityhubhu encinci, eguquguqukayo efakwe empumlweni yakho eqhagamshelwe kumthombo weoksijini.
- Umoya ongeniswa ngoomatshini: Kwiimeko ezinzima ze-EVALI, unokufuna umoya ongeniswa ngomatshini ukukunceda ekuphefumleni, nokuba kuncinci okanye ngokupheleleyo.
Ndiza kuziva bhetele nini emva kokuqala unyango?
Uninzi lwabantu luqala ukuziva lukhululekile kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuqala unyango lwe-EVALI. Nangona kunjalo, ukubuyela kwimisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla kungathatha ixesha. Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika ixesha lokuchacha elilungiselelwe wena.
Yintoni endimele ndiyilindele ukuba ndine-EVALI?
Ngenxa yokuba i-EVALI yimeko entsha, iziphumo zayo zisaphandwa. Abanye abantu banokufumana iimpawu eziphindaphindiweyo nasemva kokugqiba unyango. Ke ngoko, ukuya kwintlanganiso yakho yokulandelela kubalulekile. Ugqirha wakho unokukuthumela kwingcali yezifo zamaphaphu—ingcali egxile ekuxilongeni nasekunyangeni izifo zemiphunga kunye neenkqubo zokuphefumla.
Ngaba i-EVALI ingathintelwa?
Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo! Eyona ndlela isebenzayo yokuthintela i-EVALI kukuphepha ngokupheleleyo iimveliso zokufunxa i-vape , ingakumbi ezo ziqulethe i-THC okanye i-Vitamin E acetate. Ukuba uyafunxa i-vape, thenga kuphela iimveliso kubathengisi abaneelayisenisi nabaziwayo. Kuphephe ukusebenzisa iimveliso ezingalawulwayo zemvelaphi engaziwayo okanye umxube wazo.
Ndingazinyamekela njani ukuba ndine-EVALI?
Ukuba ufunyaniswe une-EVALI, iqela lakho lezempilo eNirogi Lanka liza kukwenza isicwangciso sonyango esilungiselelwe wena. Kubalulekile ukuba uthathe onke amayeza amiselweyo njengoko kuyalelwe.
Ngaphezu koko, ugqirha wakho unokukunceda uyeke ukutshaya . Iindlela ezininzi ezisetyenziswayo zokuyeka ukutshaya zisebenza kakhulu ekutshiseni. Buza ugqirha wakho ngeenkqubo zenkxaso ezikhoyo zokukunceda uyeke.
Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?
Ukuba upheka i-vape uze ufumane iimpawu ze-EVALI—ezifana neentlungu zesifuba, ukuphefumla kancinci, okanye ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo —bonana nogqirha ngoko nangoko . Ukuba iimpawu zibuya emva konyango, nxibelelana nomboneleli wakho ngoko nangoko. Qhubeka nokuya kuzo zonke iindibano zokulandelela ukuze ujonge ukusebenza kwemiphunga yakho kunye namanqanaba eoksijini egazini.
Ndingaya nini kwiGumbi loNgxamiseko (ER)?
Ukuba uziva ngathi unengxaki yokuphefumla okanye uxinezelekile kakhulu esifubeni, fowunela u-911 (okanye inombolo yakho yeenkonzo zongxamiseko zasekuhlaleni) ngoko nangoko, okanye uye kwisebe lezonyango ezingxamisekileyo lesibhedlele esikufutshane. Musa ukulibazisa ukufuna unyango olungxamisekileyo.
Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?
Xa undwendwela ugqirha wakho, cinga ngokubuza le mibuzo ilandelayo:
- Ukuxilongwa kwam yi-EVALI kwaqinisekiswa njani?
- Ngaba kukho umonakalo osisigxina emiphungeni yam?
- Ndingalindela ukuba ndiphile ngokukhawuleza kangakanani?
- Ndingenza ntoni xa iimpawu zam zibuya?
- Ndingadinga amaxesha amaninzi kangakanani amadinga okulandela?
- Ungacebisa inkqubo yokuyeka ukutshaya okanye ukubhema i-vaping okanye iqela lenkxaso?
Ndingazi njani ukuba ukufunxa amanzi kwi-vape kuyayichaphazela imiphunga yam?
Ukuba uphefumla nge-vape uze uqaphele iimpawu zokuphefumla ezifana nokukhohlela, ukuphefumla kancinci, okanye iintlungu esifubeni, imiphunga yakho inokuchaphazeleka. Ukuba uneemeko zangaphambili ezifana ne-asthma, ukuphefumla nge-vape kunokwenza iimpawu zakho zibe zimbi kakhulu.
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba ukufunxa umoya kuchaphazele imiphunga?
Ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuba ukwenzakala kwemiphunga kungaqala emva kweentsuku ezintathu nje kuphela zokuvasa . Nokuba uvasa ngamaxesha athile, umngcipheko uhlala uphezulu.
Umyalezo oya nawo ekhaya
I-EVALI yimeko embi kakhulu ebangela ukudumba kwezicubu zemiphunga. Ukuba upheka i-vape—nokuba ayiqhelekanga—kwaye ubonakalisa iimpawu ze-EVALI, funa uncedo lwezonyango okanye uye kwigumbi likaxakeka ngoko nangoko . Uninzi lwezigulana luqala ukuziva lungcono kakhulu kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuqala unyango.
Umyalezo obalulekileyo ngulo: ukuba awuvayi i-vape, ungaqali. Ukuba sele uvayipile, kukho iingcali zempilo eNirogi Lanka ezikulungeleyo ukukunceda uyeke. Ungathandabuzi ukucela uncedo. Impilo yakho yemiphunga ibaluleke kakhulu.
