Ngaba esi sifo sitsha semiphunga siyakuchaphazela nawe osebenzisa i-vape? Masifunde ngqo nge-EVALI!

Kule mihla, 'ukutshaya nge-vaping', oko kukuthi, ukutshaya ngesixhobo esifana necuba le-elektroniki, kuye kwathandwa kakhulu lulutsha, akunjalo? Abanye abantu bacinga ukuba oku kukhuselekile kunecuba eliqhelekileyo. Kodwa ubusazi na ukuba oogqirha ngoku bathetha ngesifo esitsha, esiyingozi semiphunga esibangelwa yile '(vaping)'? Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi ' EVALI '. Makhe sithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha, ngokulula nangokulula.

Yintoni i-'EVALI'?

Ngamafutshane, igama elithi 'EVALI' sisifinyezo segama elithi 'i-e-cigarette, okanye i-vaping, ukulimala kwemiphunga okunxulumene nokusetyenziswa kwemveliso' . NgesiSinhala, oku kuthetha ukwenzakala kwemiphunga okunxulunyaniswa nokusetyenziswa kweecuba ze-elektroniki okanye iimveliso ze-vaping . Kulapho imiphunga yakho ivuvukala kakhulu, oko kuthetha ukuba iyavuvukala kwaye yenzakale .

Isixhobo esincinci se-elektroniki osisebenzisayo uku-"vape" ("e-cigarette") siphefumla isisombululo solwelo se-"nicotine" kunye nencasa. Amasuntswana amancinci kwesi sisombululo sesona sizathu siphambili sesi sifo semiphunga. Ngamanye amaxesha, nomntu "owapheke" ukuya kuthi ga kwiintsuku ezingama-90 ngaphambi kokuba iimpawu ziqale unokuphuhlisa esi simo se-"EVALI".

Le meko, ebizwa ngokuba yi-'EVALI', ingavela ngequbuliso (siyibiza ngokuba yi-'acute'), okanye ingavela kancinci kancinci, iimpawu zisanda ngokuhamba kwexesha ('subacute'). Kwezinye iimeko ezinzima, ingabulala .

Ibaluleke kangakanani i-'EVALI'?

Le yimeko embi kakhulu . Njengoko kubikwe eMelika, ama-90% abantu abafumana i-'EVALI' kuye kwafuneka bangeniswe esibhedlele. Ekuqaleni kuka-2020, bekukho abantu abamalunga nama-3,000 abangeniswe esibhedlele kunye nabantu abangama-70 abafayo ngenxa ye-'EVALI' le. Ngoko khawucinge ukuba oku kunokuba yingozi kangakanani.

Ingaba le yingxaki yexesha elide?

I-EVALI yimeko entsha. Ityala lokuqala lesi sifo eMelika laxelwa ngo-2019. Ngenxa yoko, oogqirha nabaphandi abakaqiniseki ukuba zeziphi iziphumo zexesha elide , okanye ukuba siza kuvela njani kwixesha elizayo. Oko kukuthi, asikazi ukuba zeziphi iingxaki eziza kuvela kwixesha elizayo.

Zithini iimpawu ze-'EVALI'?

Ngoku makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi iimpawu ezinokubakho xa le 'EVALI' ikhula. Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi, ingakumbi ukuba ungumntu osebenzisa i-'vape', kubalulekile ukuba ufune ingcebiso kagqirha ngokuqinisekileyo.

• Intlungu yesifuba . Ingavakala ngathi iyacinezelwa okanye iyacinezelwa.
• Ukukhwehlela . Isenokuba kukukhwehlela okomileyo okanye ukukhwehlela okune-mucus.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla(`(ukuphelelwa ngamandla)`). Usenokuziva uphelelwa ngumphefumlo, kungekuphela nje xa udiniwe kancinci, kodwa naxa umile nje.
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza ( i-tachycardia ). Imvakalelo yokuba isifuba sakho sibetha ngokukhawuleza.
• Intlungu yesisu .
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza .
• Ukudumba ( urhudo ).
• Ifiva .
• Ukuziva ubanda (njengomkhuhlane).
• Ukwehla kobunzima ngendlela engachazekiyo . Ukuba unciphisa ubunzima ngaphandle kokunciphisa ukutya okanye ukwenza umthambo, luphawu olubalulekileyo olo.

Khumbula, kwezinye iimeko ezinzima, i-EVALI inokubangela nokufa . Ngoko ke musa ukuyityeshela le mpawu.

Zithini izizathu ze-'EVALI'?

Eyona nto iphambili kukusetyenziswa kweecuba ze-elektroniki (`(e-cigarettes)`) kunye `(vaping)` . Nangona kunjalo, iingcali zonyango azikacaci ukuba zeziphi iikhemikhali ezikwezi `(e-liquids)` (oko kukuthi `(vape juice)`) ezibangela oku kudumba emiphungeni.

Nangona kunjalo, kukho ukurhanelwa kokuba kunokubakho unxibelelwano phakathi kwe-'EVALI' kunye nekhemikhali ebizwa ngokuba yi -'(Vitamin E acetate)' . Le vithamini E acetate luhlobo lokwenziwa lwevithamini E. Abanye abavelisi bayongeza kwi-'(e-liquids)' equlethe i-'(THC)' (tetrahydrocannabinol - le yeyona khemikhali iphambili ebangela ukunxila kwi-cannabis). Nangona i-vitamin E acetate ikhuselekile ukuyitya okanye ukuyisebenzisa njengekhrimu yolusu, kucingelwa ukuba inokubangela umonakalo emaphaphu xa ifudunyezwa kwaye iphefumlwa njengomphunga .

Ngaba imeko ethi `EVALI` inganyangeka?

Le yinto oogqirha abasayi kukwazi ukuyitsho ngokuqinisekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ngolwazi olutsha oluvelayo, kubonakala ngathi ukuba uyeka ngokupheleleyo ukutshaya umsi kwaye ufune unyango ngokukhawuleza, unokulungisa umonakalo obangelwe yi-EVALI . Oko kuthetha ukuba ukwenza ngokukhawuleza kubaluleke kakhulu.

Ngubani ochaphazeleka kakhulu yi-`EVALI`?

Nabani na osebenzisa i-vape unokufumana i-EVALI. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu yokufumana le meko, nto leyo edinga ukuba bangeniswe esibhedlele. Oku kuquka:

• Abantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-35 ubudala. Oku kubonakala ngakumbi kubantu abaselula.
• Abantu abasebenzisa i-"vape" izinto eziqulethe i-THC .
• Ngendlela engekho sikweni, oko kukuthiAbantu abathenga kwaye basebenzisa ulwelo olune-(THC)` kwiindawo ezifana ne-intanethi okanye kumhlobo. Asazi ukuba zeziphi izinto eziyingozi ezikule nto.

Ifunyaniswa njani i-'EVALI'?

Ukuchonga i-EVALI kunokuba nzima kuba iimpawu zayo ziyafana nezezinye izifo ezininzi zemiphunga, ezifana ne-asthma kunye ne-pneumonia. Ugqirha uza kujonga imbali yakho epheleleyo yezonyango aze enze uvavanyo lomzimba . Ngeli xesha lovavanyo, imiphunga yakho iya kuphulaphulwa (i-auscultation) nge-stethoscope. Banokukubuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Zithini iimpawu zakho?
• Ngaba uyayiva (uvape)?
• Ngaba ukhe wasebenzisa i-vape kwiinyanga ezintathu ezidlulileyo?
• Ingaba `(vape)` usebenzisa `(nicotine)`, `(THC)`, okanye zombini?
• Uyifumene phi i-`(e-liquid)` oyifakileyo kwi-`(vape)` yakho? (Ikhemesti, umhlobo, kwi-intanethi?)

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunika ulwazi oluchanekileyo kule mibuzo, kuba oku kuya kunceda ugqirha ukuba afumanise isifo ngokuchanekileyo. Ukongeza, kunokwenziwa olunye uvavanyo ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezisetyenziswayo ukuxilonga i-'EVALI'?

Ugqirha angayalela ezi mvavanyo zilandelayo ukuqinisekisa i-EVALI:

• Uvavanyo lwenqanaba le-oksijini egazini : Olu vavanyo lulinganisa ukuba ingakanani i-oksijini egazini lakho. Amanqanaba e-oksijini aphantsi anokuthetha ukuba imiphunga yakho yonakele. Oku kungenziwa ngokuthatha isampuli yegazi okanye ngokusebenzisa isixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yi-"pulse oximetry", esisiqwenga esincinci osifaka emnweni wakho.
• Uvavanyo lokufota: Olu luvavanyo olulula nolungenabuhlungu olunokukhangela umonakalo emiphungeni. Kunokwenziwa i-X-ray yesifuba okanye i-CT scan.
• Uvavanyo lomsebenzi wemiphunga (ii-PFT): Olu vavanyo lujonga ukuba imiphunga yakho isebenza kakuhle kangakanani. Lulinganisa izinto ezifana nokuba ungaphefumla nzulu kangakanani na kunye nokuba ungaphefumla ngokukhawuleza kangakanani.

Iphathwa njani i-'EVALI'?

Ngenxa yokuba iimpawu ze-EVALI zifana nezo zosulelo lwemiphunga, ugqirha unokuqala ngokunika amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane okanye amayeza okulwa neentsholongwane ukuze kuthintelwe usulelo. Ukongeza, unyango lwakho lunokubandakanya:

• IiCorticosteroids: La ngamayeza anikwa ukunciphisa ukudumba (ukudumba) emiphungeni. Anganikwa njenge-inhaler okanye njengomphunga owuphefumlelayo nge-nebulizer.
• Unyango lweoksijini: Oku kubandakanya ukunika ioksijini eyongezelelweyo. Le oksijini inikwa ngetyhubhu encinci yeplastiki (i-cannula yempumlo) efakwa empumlweni nganye. Le tube iqhagamshelwe kwitanki yeoksijini.
• Umoya womoya osetyenziswa ngoomatshini: Le yinto esiyibiza ngokuba yi-'ventilator'. Lo matshini uyakunceda uphefumle, nokuba ngokupheleleyo okanye ngokuyinxenye. Oku kunokuba yimfuneko ukuba imeko yakho ye-EVALI iba mandundu kakhulu .

Ndiza kuziva bhetele nini emva kokuqala unyango?

Uninzi lwabantu luqala ukuziva lukhululekile kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuqala unyango nge-'EVALI'. Nangona kunjalo, kungathatha ixesha ngaphambi kokuba ubuyele kwimisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo emva konyango. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ukuba kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani na.

Ukuba ndine-`EVALI`, ndimele ndilindele ntoni?

Ngenxa yokuba i-EVALI yimeko entsha, oogqirha abakayazi kangako ngemiphumo yayo yexesha elide. Abanye abantu banokuba neempawu kwakhona emva kokuba unyango luphelile. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuhlala unolwazi ngogqirha wakho (`(ixesha lokulandela ixesha)`). Ugqirha wakho unokukuthumela kwingcali yemiphunga (`(ingcali yemiphunga)`). Aba `(iingcali zemiphunga)` ziingcali ezixilonga kwaye zinyanga izifo zemiphunga kunye nenkqubo yokuphefumla.

Ngaba i-'EVALI' ingathintelwa?

Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo kunokwenzeka! Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuthintela i-EVALI kukuphepha ukusebenzisa iimveliso zokufunxa i-vape ngokupheleleyo . Ingakumbi ziphephe iimveliso eziqulethe i-THC okanye i-Vitamin E acetate. Ukuba uyafunxa i-vape, qiniseka ukuba uthenga iimveliso zokufunxa i-vape kumthengisi onelayisenisi kuphela . Musa ukusebenzisa naziphi na iimveliso ozifumana esitalatweni, kwaye awazi ukuba ngubani ozenzileyo okanye yintoni engaphakathi.

Ukuba ndine-'EVALI', ndingazinyamekela njani?

Ukuba ugqirha ukuxelela ukuba une-'EVALI', uza kudala isicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo kuwe. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha onke amayeza ugqirha wakho awakunikayo ngokuchanekileyo nangexesha .

Ugqirha wakho unokukunceda uyeke ukutshaya . Iingcebiso ezininzi ezifanayo zokuyeka ukutshaya zingasetyenziswa nokuyeka ukutshaya. Buza ugqirha wakho ngeenkqubo ezinokukunceda wenze oku.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba ungumntu osebenzisa i-vaper kwaye uneempawu ze-EVALI (iintlungu zesifuba, ukuphefumla kancinci, kunye nokukhwehlela esithethe ngako ngaphambili), bona ugqirha ngoko nangoko . Ukuba iimpawu zakho ziyabuya emva konyango, xelela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Qhubeka uye kwi-aphoyintimenti yokulandelela ukuze ubone ukuba imiphunga yakho isebenza njani kunye namanqanaba e-oksijini egazini lakho.

Ndingaya nini kwigumbi likaxakeka (ER)?

Ukuba uziva uphelelwa ngumphefumlo okanye isifuba sakho siqinile, fowunela u-911 (okanye inombolo yakho yongxamiseko yasekuhlaleni) ngoko nangoko, okanye uye kwigumbi longxamiseko lesibhedlele elikufutshane.Ayilunganga into yokulibazisa le.

Yeyiphi imibuzo endifanele ndiyibuze ugqirha?

Xa usiya kugqirha, kungcono ukubuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Uqinisekile njani ukuba ndine-'EVALI'?
• Ngaba imiphunga yam yonakele ngonaphakade?
• Ndiza kuqala nini ukuziva ngcono?
• Ndenze ntoni xa iimpawu zam zibuya?
• Kufuneka ndize kangaphi kwixesha lokulandela?
• Ungandicebisa inkqubo okanye iqela lenkxaso ukuze ndincede ndiyeke ukusebenzisa i-vaping?

Ndingazi njani ukuba ukufunxa amanzi kwi-vape kuyayichaphazela imiphunga yam?

Ukuba usebenzisa i-`(vape)` kwaye uneempawu zokuphefumla (ezifana nokukhohlela, ukuphefumla kancinci, iintlungu zesifuba), imiphunga yakho inokuba yonakele. Kwakhona, ukuba unezinye iimeko zemiphunga, ezifana ne-`(asthma)`, `(vaping)` zinokwenza ezo mpawu zibe zimbi ngakumbi.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba ukufunxa umoya kuchaphazele imiphunga?

Ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuba ukutshaya i-vape kungaqala ukonakalisa imiphunga yakho kwiintsuku nje ezintathu . Oko kuthetha ukuba, nokuba ucinga ukuba, "Ndikwenza kancinci, ngamanye amaxesha," nokuba loo nto incinci inokuba yingozi.

Okokugqibela, yintoni ekufuneka uyikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-EVALI yimeko embi kakhulu ebangela ukudumba kwezicubu zakho zemiphunga. Ukuba ungumntu osebenzisa i-vaper - nokuba uyenza rhoqo - kwaye ubonakalisa iimpawu ze-EVALI, kufuneka ubone ugqirha okanye uye kwigumbi likaxakeka . Ngonyango, uninzi lwabantu luqala ukuziva lungcono kwiintsuku ezimbalwa.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba, ukuba awusebenzisi i-vape, kungcono ungaqalisi. Ukuba sele usebenzisa i-vape, kukho oogqirha kunye nabanye ababoneleli bezempilo abanokukunceda uyeke. Ungathandabuzi ukufumana uncedo lwabo. Amaphaphu akho ayakufanelekela, akunjalo?