Masifunde yonke into malunga nokuhlolwa komhlaza wemiphunga!

Ngaba ungumntu otshayayo ? Okanye ngaba ungumntu owayetshaya kodwa ngoku uyekile? Ukuba kunjalo, eli nqaku liza kuba libaluleke kakhulu kuwe. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngesifo abantu abaninzi abasoyikayo, kodwa esinethuba elikhulu lokunyangwa ukuba sifunyenwe kwangethuba. Loo mhlaza wemiphunga . Kudla ngokuba sekwephuzile xa uqala ukubonisa iimpawu. Ngoko ke, namhlanje sithetha ngendlela enokufumanisa umhlaza osele uqalile ukuvela emzimbeni, nokuba akukho zimpawu.

Yintoni ukuhlolwa komhlaza wemiphunga?

Ngamafutshane, uhlolo lomhlaza wemiphunga luvavanyo lokufumanisa ukuba unomhlaza wemiphunga ngaphambi kokuba ube nazo naziphi na iimpawu . Oku kwenziwa ngeskeni ekhethekileyo eyenziwa kanye ngonyaka. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi -CT scan (LDCT) enesilinganiselo esiphantsi.

Cinga ngokuthatha imifanekiso ecacileyo yemiphunga engaphakathi emizimbeni yethu. Kule mifanekiso, sinokubona neentlobo ezincinci kakhulu zeeseli zomhlaza (iithumba).

Usenokucinga, "Andinangxaki, andikhohlela, andinamkhuhlane, kutheni ndikhangela umhlaza?" Yiyo loo ngxaki. Eyona nto imbi ngomhlaza wemiphunga kukuba awubonisi zimpawu kwizigaba zokuqala . Xa iimpawu ezifana nokukhohlela, umkhuhlane , kunye nentlungu yesifuba ziqala ukubonakala, umhlaza usenokuba usasazeke kakhulu kwaye kube nzima ukuwunyanga. Kodwa into eyenziwa lolu 'vavanyo' kukufumana umhlaza ngaphambi kokuba ufikelele kwinqanaba eliyingozi, xa usesisityalo esincinci. Emva koko amathuba okuphiliswa ngokupheleleyo ngonyango aphezulu kakhulu.

Ngubani ofuna ukwenza olu vavanyo?

Olu ayilovavanyo olucetyiswayo kuye wonke umntu. Lucetyiswa ngokukodwa kubantu abasengozini enkulu yokuba nomhlaza wemiphunga. Ngokutsho kweengcali zonyango, ukuba uhlangabezana nazo zonke ezi mfuno zintathu zilandelayo, kububulumko ukwenza olu vavanyo kube kanye ngonyaka.

Ibalwa njani 'iPack-Year'?

Oku kusenokuvakala ngathi ligama elitsha, kodwa ngenene kulula kakhulu. I-'pack-year' yindlela yokulinganisa inani leecuba ozitshayileyo ebomini bakho. Nantsi indlela yokuzifumana:

Phinda-phinda inani leminyaka oyitshayileyo ngenani leepakethi zecuba ozitshayayo ngosuku (khumbula, kukho iicuba ezingama-20 kwipakethi nganye).

Makhe sijonge umzekelo:

• Umzekelo 1: USunil wayetshaya ipakethi enye yeecuba (iicuba ezingama-20) ngosuku kangangeminyaka engama-20.
• 'Iminyaka yakhe yephakheji' = iminyaka engama-20 x iphakheji e-1 ngosuku = iminyaka engama-20 yephakheji .
• Umzekelo 2: UKamal watshaya iminyaka eli-10. Kodwa wayetshaya iipakethi ezimbini zecuba (iicuba ezingama-40) ngemini.
• 'Iminyaka yakhe yephakheji' = iminyaka eli-10 x iipakethi ezi-2 ngosuku = iminyaka engama-20 yephakheji .
• Umzekelo 3: UPiyal wayetshaya isiqingatha sepakethi yecuba (iicuba ezili-10) ngemini kangangeminyaka engama-40.
• 'Iminyaka yakhe yephakheji' = iminyaka engama-40 x iipakethi eziyi-0.5 ngosuku = iminyaka engama-20 yephakheji .

Ngoko ke, ukuba inani lakho 'lonyaka wepakethi' lingama-20 nangaphezulu, kwaye uhlangabezana nezinye iikhrayitheriya ezimbini, kuya kufuneka ucinge ngokufumana olu vavanyo. Ukuba awuqinisekanga ngale ndlela yokubala, kulungile. Ungathetha nogqirha wakho wosapho uze ucele ingcaciso.

Indlela eyenzeka ngayo iskeni

Ngaba kufuneka ndilungiselele ngaphambi kokuba ndiskenwe?

Ngokwesiqhelo, akukho lungiselelo likhethekileyo elifunekayo kolu vavanyo lwe-'LDCT'. Oku kuthetha ukuba akufuneki uzile ukutya okanye uthathe naluphi na unyango olukhethekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba indawo apho kwenziwa khona uvavanyo ikunike eminye imiyalelo, yilandele ngokuchanekileyo. Kungcono ukunxiba iimpahla onokuzitshintsha ngokulula kwaye unciphise inani lezinto zesinyithi emzimbeni wakho, ezifana nezacholo kunye neewotshi.

Enye into ebalulekileyo kukuba, ukuba unentsholongwane yokuphefumla efana nomkhuhlane okanye ukukhwehlela ngomhla wokuhlolwa, yazisa umboneleli we-scan kwangaphambili. Ukwenza uvavanyo ngexesha elinjalo kunokuchaphazela ukuchaneka kweziphumo. Ngoko ke zinokukunika olunye usuku.

Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha leskeni?

Oku akoyikisi njengoko unokucinga. Yinkqubo ekhawulezayo kakhulu kwaye engenabuhlungu.

1. Okokuqala, ingcali eyenza iskeni iya kukucela ukuba ususe naziphi na izinto zesinyithi, iiwotshi, okanye ubucwebe emzimbeni wakho. Ungacelwa ukuba unxibe ilokhwe abaza kukunika yona ukusuka esinqeni ukuya phezulu.

2. Emva koko uya kulaliswa ebhedini ngeskena.

3. Ngeli xesha, isigulana singena kwiskena, esimile okwedonathi enkulu.

4. Njengoko umatshini ujikeleza kwaye uthatha imifanekiso, ibhedi ingahamba phambili kwaye ibuyele umva kancinci.

5. Ngeli xesha, ingcali iza kuthetha nawe ngemakrofoni ize ikunike imiyalelo efana nokuphefumla, ukuphefumla, nokubamba umphefumlo wakho ixesha elifutshane. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela le miyalelo ngqo ukuze iziphumo zicace.

6. Nangona ingcali ingekho kwigumbi elinye nawe, ijonga yonke into ingaphandle kwaye ithetha nawe. Ngoko ke akukho sizathu sokoyika.

7. Emva kokuba yonke imifanekiso efunekayo ithathiwe, ibhedi iyaphuma kwakhona, uze uvuke uhambe. Yonke le nkqubo ithatha imizuzu embalwa kuphela.

Zithini iingozi kunye neenzuzo zolu vavanyo?

Njengakuyo nayiphi na uvavanyo lwezonyango, kukho iingozi ezincinci kunye neenzuzo ezinkulu. Masiqaphele loo nto.

Iingozi

• Izinto ezingalunganga: Le yeyona ngozi iphambili. Oku kuthetha ukuba iskeni ingabonisa iqhuma elincinci emphungeni elifana nomhlaza (iqhuma lemiphunga), kodwa kusenokwenzeka ukuba alingomhlaza ngokwenene. Uninzi lweqhuma lemiphunga alinabungozi. Nangona kunjalo, ukufuneka kwenziwe uvavanyo olongezelelweyo (kwaye mhlawumbi notyando) de kucace ukuba ngumhlaza okanye akunjalo kunokuba yinto ebangela uxinzelelo olukhulu.
• Ukuvezwa kwimitha: Ubungakanani bemitha ekhutshwa kwi-scan ye-LDCT buphantsi kakhulu. Ingaphantsi kakhulu kune-scan ye-CT eqhelekileyo. Kodwa ayisiyonto i-zero. Ukuvezwa rhoqo kule mitha kangangeminyaka emininzi kunokunyusa kancinci umngcipheko womhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, xa kuthelekiswa nomngcipheko womhlaza wemiphunga kumntu otshayayo, umngcipheko ovela kule scan awunamsebenzi.
• Iziphumo ezingalindelekanga:Ngamanye amaxesha, iskeni esenziweyo ukukhangela umhlaza wemiphunga sinokufumana ezinye iimeko ngengozi. Umzekelo, imeko ebizwa ngokuba yiCOPD (isifo semiphunga esingapheliyo) okanye iqhuma elisebeleni linokufunyanwa. Ezinye zezi zinto zinokufuna unyango, ngelixa ezinye zisenokungalufuni. Kodwa zinokukhokelela kuvavanyo olungeyomfuneko kunye noxinzelelo.

Iingenelo

• Ukufunyaniswa kwangethuba: Kwanamaqhuqhuva amancinci omhlaza amancinci kakhulu ukuba angafunyaniswa kwi-X-ray yesifuba eqhelekileyo anokubonwa ngokucacileyo kwi-CT scan. Okukhona umhlaza ufunyaniswa kwangethuba, kokukhona amathuba onyango nokunyangwa kwawo aphezulu.
• Idosi yemitha ephantsi: Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, oku kusebenzisa idosi yemitha ephantsi kune-CT scan eqhelekileyo, ngoko ke umngcipheko uphantsi.

Izinto ezinokuba kwingxelo yakho

Emva kokuskena, ingcali ye-radiology kunye nogqirha wakho baya kuhlola imifanekiso baze bakunike ingxelo. Ingxelo isenokuba namagama anjengala. Makhe sijonge intsingiselo yawo elula.

Ukuba iziphumo aziqhelekanga, yintoni oyenzayo emva koko?

Ungakhathazeki ukuba kukho into ekrokrisayo kwingxelo yeskeni. Oko akuthethi ukuba unomhlaza. Kuthetha nje ukuba kufuneka uphandwe ngakumbi. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela yonke into aze akubonise into omawuyenze ngokulandelayo.

Inyathelo elilandelayo lingaba lelinye lala:

• Phinda uskeni lwe-LDCT kwiinyanga ezi-3-6 (ukubona ukuba ithumba litshintshile na)
• Iskeni ye-`Diagnostic CT` okanye iskeni ye-`PET/CT` eneenkcukacha ezithe vetshe.
• Ukudibana nogqirha wezifo zomhlaza.
• Ukuba ufuna ezinye izifo zokuphefumla ezingezizo ezomhlaza, bonana nogqirha wezifo zamaphaphu.

Singayeka nini ukwenza olu vavanyo?

Olu vavanyo lonyaka alufuneki ubomi bonke. Ungayimisa ukuba:

• Ukuba uneminyaka engama-81 ubudala okanye ngaphezulu.
• Ukuba ubutshaya iminyaka eli-15 nangaphezulu (okukhona ixesha elide ungatshayi, kokukhona umngcipheko wakho wokuba nomhlaza uyancipha).
• Ukuba, ngenxa yesinye isifo sempilo, ufunyaniswa ukuba unomhlaza wemiphunga okwinqanaba lokuqala kodwa awukwazi ukwenza utyando, okanye awufuni ukwenza utyando.

Ukuqukumbela, umhlaza wemiphunga sisifo esinzima. Nangona kunjalo, olu vavanyo lulula, olwenziwa kanye ngonyaka, sisixhobo esinamandla esinokubona esi sifo sinzima kwangethuba kwaye sisindise ubomi. Umhlaza wemiphunga awunakubonwa ngovavanyo lwegazi. Ke ngoko, ukuba ucinga ukuba usemngciphekweni omkhulu wesi sifo, nceda uthethe nogqirha wakho ngale nto.Isenokuba sisizathu sokusindisa ubomi bakho.