Ngaba nawe uyafuna ukwazi ngokuhlaselwa yintliziyo? Makhe sithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha!

Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngesihloko esibalulekileyo kubantu abaninzi, kwaye esoyikisayo kancinci. Esi sisifo sentliziyo, okanye ngokwezonyango, imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-`(Myocardial Infarction)`. Mhlawumbi umntu kusapho lwakho okanye umhlobo wakho ukhe waba nale meko. Okanye usenokuba ukhe weva ngayo kwiphephandaba okanye kumabonwakude. Nangona kunjalo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba nokuqonda okuchanekileyo ngale nto.

Yintoni isifo sentliziyo?

Ngamafutshane, ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo yimeko eyingozi kakhulu eyenzeka xa inxalenye yemisipha yentliziyo yakho ingafumani ukuhamba kwegazi okwaneleyo. Njengokuba umthi ufa ngaphandle kwamanzi, loo nxalenye yentliziyo nayo iqala ukufa kancinci kancinci ngaphandle kwegazi. Kunokubakho izizathu ezininzi zokuhla kokuhamba kwegazi, kodwa amaxesha amaninzi kubangelwa kukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi entliziyweni, ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Coronary Arteries".

Cinga ngayo njengomsele ovalekileyo egadini yakho. Ukuba ukuhamba kwegazi kunqanyulwa ngale ndlela, umsipha wentliziyo okuthethwa ngawo uya kuqala ukufa. Ukuba ukuhamba kwegazi akubuyi ngokukhawuleza, isifo sentliziyo sinokubangela umonakalo ongunaphakade entliziyweni, mhlawumbi nokufa.

Uhlaselo lwentliziyo yimeko engxamisekileyo esongela ubomi . Ukuba ucinga ukuba wena okanye umntu ohamba naye uhlaselo lwentliziyo, fowunela i-1990 (inkonzo yonyango engxamisekileyo) ngoko nangoko . Ixesha libaluleke kakhulu xa unyanga uhlaselo lwentliziyo. Nokuba kusemva kwemizuzu embalwa kunokubangela umonakalo ongapheliyo wentliziyo okanye ukufa.

Kwenzeka ntoni ngokwenene xa uhlaselwa yintliziyo?

Xa unesifo sentliziyo, ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya kwinxalenye yentliziyo yakho kuyema ngokupheleleyo okanye kube ngaphantsi kakhulu kunesiqhelo. Oku kubangela ukuba loo nxalenye yemisipha yentliziyo yonakale okanye ife. Xa inxalenye yentliziyo iqala ukufa ngenxa yokunqongophala kwegazi, kuphazamisa ukusebenza kwentliziyo. Oku kunokubangela ukuba ukuhamba kwegazi kwamanye amalungu omzimba kunciphe okanye kumiswe. Ukuba oku akunyangelwa ngokukhawuleza, kunokuba yingozi.

Kuqheleke kangakanani oku?

Enyanisweni, ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo yimeko eqhelekileyo kwihlabathi liphela nakwilizwe lethu. Uninzi lokuhlaselwa yintliziyo lubangelwa yi-`(Isifo semithambo yegazi)`. Oku kukwathathwa njengesona sizathu siphambili sokufa ehlabathini. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukwazi oku.

Uziva njani xa uhlaselwa yintliziyo?

Abantu abaninzi bafumana iintlungu zesifuba xa behlaselwa yintliziyo. Oku kunokuvakala ngathi kukucinezelwa, ukucinezelwa, okanye ubunzima esifubeni. Ngamanye amaxesha, iintlungu zinokuba nzima kangangokuba kuvakala ngathi isifuba siza kugqabhuka. Le ntlungu inokuqala esifubeni ize isasazeke engalweni yasekhohlo (ngamanye amaxesha zombini iingalo), egxalabeni, entanyeni, emhlathini, emqolo, okanye esiswini.

Into engaqhelekanga kukuba, abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba oku kubangelwa yi-gastritis okanye isitshiso sentliziyo .

Abanye abantu basenokungabi nantlungu esifubeni, kodwa basenokuba neempawu ezifana nokuphefumla kancinci, isicaphucaphu, kunye nokubila .

Zithini iimpawu zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo?

Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo kunokubangela iimpawu ezahlukeneyo, ezinye zixhaphake kakhulu kunezinye.

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ezichazwa ngabantu abaninzi zezi:

• Intlungu yesifuba (`(Angina)`)
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla okanye ukuphefumla kancinci
• Ukungalali (kunokubakho ngaphambi kokuhlaselwa yintliziyo)
• Ukucaphuka okanye ukungonwabi esiswini
• Ukuva intliziyo ibetha ngokukhawuleza (`(Iintliziyo Zibetha Kakhulu)`)
• Ixhala okanye ukuziva ngathi "kukho into embi eza kwenzeka"
• Ukudinwa (vertigo), ukuquleka, okanye ukuphelelwa zingqondo

Ngaba iimpawu ziyahluka phakathi kwamadoda nabafazi?

Ewe, eli linqaku elibaluleke kakhulu. Abafazi banokufumana iimpawu ezahlukeneyo zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo kunamadoda. Abafazi abanakukwazi ukufumana iintlungu zesifuba eziqhelekileyo. Endaweni yoko,

• Ubunzima bokuphefumla
• Ndiziva ndidiniwe kakhulu
• Ukungalali ngaphambi kokuhlaselwa yintliziyo
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza
• Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ziintlungu emqolo, emagxeni, entanyeni, ezingalweni, okanye esiswini .

Ngoko ke, abafazi kufuneka balumke kakhulu ngale nto.

Yintoni ebangela ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo?

Uninzi lwezihlaselo zentliziyo lubangelwa kukuvaleka komthambo wegazi ohambisa igazi entliziyweni. Eyona nto iphambili koku kukuqokelelana kwento enamathelayo ebizwa ngokuba yi-`(Plaque)` ngaphakathi kwimithambo yegazi. Kufana nokugalela ioyile kwisinki yekhitshi uze uvale imibhobho. Oku kuqokelelana kubizwa ngokuba yi-`(Atherosclerosis). Xa uninzi lwe-`(Plaque)` luqokelelana kwimithambo yegazi yentliziyo, le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-`(Coronary Artery Disease)`.

Ngamanye amaxesha, la ma-plaque afakwa kwimithambo yentliziyo anokugqabhuka. I-blood clot inokwenziwa kwindawo apho kugqabhuke khona. Ukuba i-artery ivalwe ngokupheleleyo yi-blood clot, izihlunu zentliziyo ziyaphelelwa ligazi kwaye kwenzeka uhlaselo lwentliziyo.

Ngaba kukho izizathu ezingaqhelekanga?

Ewe, kukho iimeko apho uhlaselo lwentliziyo lwenzeka ngaphandle kokuqhuma kwe-`(Plaque)`, kodwa kunqabile kakhulu, kubalelwa malunga ne-5% yazo zonke uhlaselo lwentliziyo. Ezinye zezizathu zoku zezi:

• Ukuxinana ngequbuliso kwemithambo yentliziyo (`(Coronary Artery Spasm)`)
• Iimeko ezingaqhelekanga ezibangela ukucutheka okungaqhelekanga kwemithambo yegazi
• Ukuqhekeka kwemithambo yentliziyo ngenxa yeengozi
• Ukuvaleka kwenye indawo emzimbeni, umzekelo ihlwili legazi okanye iqamza lomoya (`(Embolism)`) kwimithambo yentliziyo
• Iingxaki zokutya zingonakalisa intliziyo ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaye ekugqibeleni zikhokelele ekuhlaselweni yintliziyo.
• Iindawo ezingaqhelekanga zokuzalwa zemithambo yentliziyo (`(Anomalous Coronary Arteries)`)
• Ezinye iimeko apho intliziyo ingafumani igazi elaneleyo (umz., uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi kakhulu, amanqanaba omoya-mpilo aphantsi, ukubetha kwentliziyo okuphezulu ixesha elide)

Izinto Ezibangela Umngcipheko Wokuhlaselwa Yintliziyo

Kukho izinto ezininzi eziphambili ezichaphazela umngcipheko wokuba nesifo sentliziyo. Ngelishwa, ezinye zezi zinto asinakuzitshintsha.

• Ubudala kunye nesini: Umngcipheko wokuba nesifo sentliziyo uyanda njengoko ukhula. Kumadoda, umngcipheko uyanda emva kweminyaka engama-45, kwaye kubafazi, umngcipheko uyanda emva kweminyaka engama-50 okanye emva kokuya exesheni.
• Imbali yentsapho yesifo sentliziyo: Ukuba omnye wabazali bakho okanye abantakwenu ukhe waba nesifo sentliziyo okanye wahlaselwa yintliziyo, ingakumbi esemncinci, usemngciphekweni omkhulu kuba ii-genes zakho zifana nezabo.
• Indlela yokuphila: Imikhwa yokuphila enobungozi entliziyweni ikwanyusa umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa yintliziyo. Imizekelo: ukutshaya, ukutya ukutya okunamafutha amaninzi, ukungazilolongi, ukusela utywala kakhulu, nokusebenzisa iziyobisi.
• Iimeko ezithile zempilo: Ezinye izifo zibangela uxinzelelo entliziyweni kwaye zonyusa umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo. Ezi ziquka:
• Isifo seswekile (`(isifo seswekile)`)
• Ukutyeba kakhulu
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu (`(Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu)`)
• I-cholesterol ephezulu (`(i-Hypercholesterolemia)`)
• Iingxaki Zokutya
• Ukuba nembali yoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu ngexesha lokukhulelwa (`(Preeclampsia)`).

Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka emva kokuhlaselwa yintliziyo

Iingxaki ezahlukeneyo zinokwenzeka emva kokuhlaselwa yintliziyo. Ezi ziquka:

• Izingqisho zentliziyo ezingaqhelekanga (`(Arrhythmias)`)
• Ukumelwa yintliziyo
• Iingxaki zevalvu yentliziyo
• Istroke
• Ukubanjwa Kwentliziyo Ngequbuliso (`(Ukubanjwa Kwentliziyo Ngequbuliso)`)
• Ukudakumba kunye noxinzelelo
• Ukothuka kwentliziyo
• Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka xa unyango lwesifo sentliziyo lulibaziseka (umz., iVentricular Septal Defect - umngxuma ophakathi kwamagumbi, udonga lwentliziyo oluqhekekileyo).

Ndingaqiniseka njani ukuba ndinesifo sentliziyo? (Ukuxilongwa)

Uhlaselo lwentliziyo ludla ngokuchongwa kwigumbi likaxakeka esibhedlele. Ukuba uneempawu zohlaselo lwentliziyo, ugqirha uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba . Baza kujonga izinga lokubetha kwentliziyo yakho, amanqanaba eoksijini egazini, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi, bamamele intliziyo yakho kunye nemiphunga, baze babuze ngazo naziphi na iimpawu oye waba nazo.

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo koku?

Ugqirha usebenzisa ezi mvavanyo ukuxilonga isifo sentliziyo:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Eyona ndlela ithembekileyo yokufumanisa isifo sentliziyo kukujonga igazi ukuba kukho ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuba yi-``Cardiac Troponin``. Le khemikhali iqokelelana egazini njengoko iiseli zemisipha yentliziyo zonakala ngexesha lokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo.
• I-Electrocardiogram (EKG okanye i-ECG): Olu luvavanyo lokuqala olwenziwa xa ufika kwigumbi longxamiseko. Lunokubona umonakalo kwimiqondiso yombane yentliziyo kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo okungahambelaniyo.
• I-Echocardiogram: Le nkqubo isebenzisa amaza e-ultrasound ukuthatha imifanekiso yangaphakathi nangaphandle kwentliziyo. Ingajonga ukuba intliziyo iphefumla kakuhle kangakanani na kwaye ingaba iivalvu zisebenza kakuhle na.
• I-Coronary Angiogram: Oku kusebenzisa ii-X-ray kunye nedayi ekhethekileyo ukujonga imithambo yegazi entliziyweni kunye nokufumanisa naziphi na izithintelo.
• I-Heart Computed Tomography (CT) scan: Le nkqubo ithatha imifanekiso eneenkcukacha zentliziyo kunye nemithambo yegazi ukujonga ukuba imithambo ephambili yentliziyo iyancipha okanye iyaqina na.
• I-MRI yentliziyo (iMagnetic Resonance Imaging): Oku kusebenzisa amandla emagnethi aqinileyo kunye netekhnoloji yekhompyutha ukwenza umfanekiso wentliziyo. Kubonisa ukuba kukho naziphi na iingxaki ngokuhamba kwegazi kwimithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi entliziyweni.
• Uvavanyo Loxinzelelo Lokuzilolonga: Ngelixa uzilolonga, uza kunikwa i-ECG, i-echocardiogram, okanye i-nuclear scan ukujonga ukuba intliziyo yakho ifumana igazi elaneleyo na.
• Ii-Nuclear Heart Scans: Oku kuquka ukufaka into ene-radioactive egazini nokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bekhompyutha (obufana ne-CT scan) ukufumana iindawo apho igazi lihamba khona okanye apho umonakalo entliziyweni uphantsi khona. Ezi zinokuba zii-SPECT scans okanye ii-PET scans.

Unyanga njani isifo sentliziyo?

Ukunyanga isifo sentliziyo kuthetha ukubuyisela ukuhamba kwegazi kwimisipha yentliziyo echaphazelekayo ngokukhawuleza . Oku kungenziwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka ekunikeni amayeza ukuya ekwenzeni utyando. Rhoqo, ezi ndlela zisetyenziswa kunye.

Ukunika ioksijini

Abantu abanengxaki yokuphefumla kunye namanqanaba aphantsi eoksijini egazini banikwa ioksijini eyongezelelweyo kunye nolunye unyango. Oku kunokunikwa ngetyhubhu engaphantsi kwempumlo okanye ngemaski egubungela impumlo nomlomo. Oku kwandisa ubungakanani beoksijini egazini kwaye kunciphisa uxinzelelo entliziyweni.

Amayeza

Oku kungabandakanya oku kulandelayo:

• Izinto ezithintela ukugabha kwegazi: I-Aspirin kunye nezinye izinto ezinciphisa igazi.
• I-Nitroglycerin: Eli yeza linciphisa iintlungu zesifuba kwaye landisa imithambo yegazi, livumela igazi ukuba lihambe lula.
• Amayeza eThrombolytic: La mayeza anikwa kuphela kwiiyure ezili-12 zokuqala emva kokuhlaselwa yintliziyo.
• Amayeza Okulwa nokubetha kwentliziyo: Uhlaselo lwentliziyo lunokubangela ukubetha kwentliziyo okungahambelaniyo (i-arrhythmias), nto leyo enokuba yingozi ebomini. La mayeza anokuthintela okanye ayeke oku kungahambi kakuhle.
• Iintlungu: Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo yokubulala iintlungu enikwayo ngexesha lokuhlaselwa yintliziyo yi-`(Morphine).` Oku kunokunciphisa iintlungu zesifuba.
• `(Ii-Beta-blockers)`:La mayeza anciphisa isantya sentliziyo aze ancede intliziyo ukuba ibuyele kwimeko yayo emva komonakalo obangelwe kukuhlaselwa yintliziyo.
• Amayeza okulwa noxinzelelo lwegazi: La mayeza anciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi kwaye anceda intliziyo ukuba ibuyele kwimeko yayo emva komonakalo obangelwe kukuhlaselwa yintliziyo.
• IiStatins: La mayeza agcina i-plaque kwimithambo yegazi yentliziyo, enciphisa umngcipheko wokugqabhuka kwayo. Akwanceda ekunciphiseni i-cholesterol kwaye anciphise umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa yintliziyo kwakhona.

Ukungenelela kweCoronary Percutaneous (PCI) okanye i-Angioplasty

Oogqirha babuyisela ukuhamba kwegazi kwimisipha yentliziyo echaphazelekayo ngenkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yiPercutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) okanye iAngioplasty.

Ukuvula umthambo nge-catheter kubalulekile ekubuyiseleni ukuhamba kwegazi. Okukhona kusenziwa ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona iziphumo ziba ngcono. Oogqirha basebenzisa umlinganiselo obizwa ngokuba "lixesha lokungena kwibhaluni" ukulinganisa amandla abo okunyanga isifo sentliziyo. Eli lixesha eliqhelekileyo elithathwayo ukwenza i-PCI emva kokuba ufikile kwigumbi longxamiseko. Ukuba une-PCI, ugqirha wakho unokubeka i-stent, isakhiwo esincinci esifana ne-mesh, kwindawo apho kuvaliwe khona. I-stent inceda ukugcina umthambo uvulekile ukuze ungavalwa kwakhona.

Ukufakelwa kweCoronary Artery Bypass (CABG)

Ukufakelwa kwemithambo yentliziyo (i-CABG) kwenziwa kubantu abaneengxaki ezinkulu zemithambo yentliziyo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba lutyando lwentliziyo evulekileyo okanye utyando lwe-bypass.

Oku kuquka ukuthatha umthambo wegazi kwenye indawo yomzimba (ngokuqhelekileyo esifubeni, engalweni, okanye emlenzeni) nokudala indlela entsha yokuba igazi lidlule umthambo ovalekileyo. Oku kuthutha igazi liye kwimisipha yentliziyo.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango?

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela yonyango. Zingabandakanya:

• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza
• Ubuthathaka
• Isiyezi
• Ukopha
• Iintsholongwane
• Ukonakala komthambo wegazi
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga (`(Arrhythmia)`)
• Iingxaki zezintso
• Istroke

Ndiza kuziva bhetele nini emva konyango?

Ngokwesiqhelo, iimpawu zakho zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo kufuneka ziphucuke njengoko ufumana unyango. Ungaziva ubuthathaka kwaye udiniwe ngexesha lokuhlala kwakho esibhedlele nangeentsuku ezimbalwa. Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika iingcebiso malunga nendlela yokuphumla, amayeza omawuwathathe, nokunye.

Ixesha lokuchacha emva konyango liyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela yonyango. Ixesha eliqhelekileyo lokuhlala esibhedlele xa umntu ehlaselwe yintliziyo limalunga neentsuku ezine ukuya kwezintlanu.

• Ukuba usela amayeza kuphela: Kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele kangangeentsuku ezintandathu.
• Ukuba une-PCI: Ukuchacha kwi-PCI kulula kunotyando kuba yinkqubo engenazo izifo ezininzi. Ngokwesiqhelo kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele kangangeentsuku ezine.
• Ukuba wenza `(CABG)`:Utyando lwe-heart bypass luthatha ixesha elide ukuba luphole, kuba lutyando olukhulu. Ngokwesiqhelo kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele kangangeentsuku ezisibhozo ukuya kwezilishumi elinesibini.

Ngaba isifo sentliziyo singathintelwa? Ingozi ingancitshiswa njani?

Ngokubanzi, zininzi izinto onokuzenza ukuthintela ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto ezithile ongenakukwazi ukuzitshintsha (ingakumbi imbali yosapho lwakho), ngoko ke ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo kunokwenzeka nokuba uzama kangakanani na. Nangona kunjalo, ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho kunokulibazisa ukuqala kokuhlaselwa yintliziyo kwaye kunciphise ubukhali bayo ukuba iyenzeka.

Ungenza ezi zinto ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho:

• Fumana uhlolo lwezonyango: Bona ugqirha wosapho (uMboneleli weNkathalo ePhambili - i-PCP) ukuze uhlolwe ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka. Oku kunokubangela iimpawu ezininzi zokuqala zesifo sentliziyo (ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi, amanqanaba eswekile, kunye namanqanaba e-cholesterol onokuthi ungazazi).
• Yeka iimveliso zecuba: Oku kuquka ukutshaya, icuba elingenamsi, kunye nazo zonke iimveliso zokusebenzisa i-vaping.
• Zilolonge rhoqo: Zama ukuzilolonga ngamandla aphakathi imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku, iintsuku ezintlanu ngeveki.
• Yitya ukutya okunesondlo: Umzekelo, ukutya kweMeditera okanye kweDASH. Kungcono kakhulu ukutya ukutya okusekwe kwizityalo endaweni yokutya inyama ecutshungulweyo kunye nokutya okunamafutha amaninzi.
• Zigcinele ubunzima obusempilweni: Buza ugqirha wakho wosapho malunga nobunzima obusempilweni uze ucele uncedo lokubufikelela.
• Lawula naziphi na iingxaki zempilo osele unazo: izinto ezifana ne-cholesterol ephezulu, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, kunye nesifo seswekile.
• Nciphisa uxinzelelo: Zama izinto ezifana neyoga, umthambo wokuphefumla nzulu, kunye nokucamngca.
• Sela amayeza akho njengoko kuyalelwe: Musa ukuwasela amayeza akho xa ukhumbula okanye xa uza kubona ugqirha wakho.
• Yiya kugqirha ngamnye: Ukutyelela ugqirha rhoqo kunokunceda ekufumaneni iingxaki zentliziyo okanye ezinye izifo osenokuba ubungazi ngazo.

Ukulawula impilo yakho akuthethi ukuba kufuneka wenze olu tshintsho lwendlela yokuphila wedwa. Cela uncedo kugqirha wakho wosapho kunye namanye amaqela ezempilo. Banokukunika ulwazi kunye nezixhobo ozidingayo.

Ukuba sele unesifo sentliziyo, ugqirha wakho angacebisa inkqubo yokulungisa isifo sentliziyo . Injongo yale nkqubo kukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba nesifo sentliziyo sesibini. Ezi nkqubo, ezijongwa ngugqirha, zibonelela ngengcebiso kwaye zigxile kwimikhwa yokuphila enempilo ekhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla.

Yintoni onokuyilindela ukuba unesifo sentliziyo?

Unyango lwakho lokuhlaselwa yintliziyo alupheli xa uphuma esibhedlele. Ngenxa yokuba usemngciphekweni wokuba nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo okwesibini, kubalulekile ukuqhubeka nokusela amayeza akho owanikwe ngugqirha kwaye wenze utshintsho kwindlela yakho yemihla ngemihla.kufuneke u.

Imisebenzi eqhelekileyo iya kukwazi nini ukuqalisa kwakhona?

Ukuchacha emva kokuhlaselwa yintliziyo emva kokukhululwa esibhedlele kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nobunzima bokuhlaselwa yintliziyo, ukuba unyango luqalwe ngokukhawuleza kangakanani, loluphi unyango olufunyenweyo, kunye nokuba ubukhe waba nazo naziphi na iingxaki zempilo ngaphambi kokuhlaselwa yintliziyo.

Ugqirha wakho unokuchaza amanyathelo alandelayo ekuchacheni kwakho kunye noko kufuneka ukulindele. Ngokubanzi, uninzi lwabantu lunokubuyela emsebenzini okanye luqhubeke nemisebenzi eqhelekileyo kwiiveki ezimbini ukuya kwiinyanga ezintathu emva kokuhlaselwa yintliziyo. Ukuvuselelwa kwentliziyo kunceda abantu ukuba babuyele kwinqanaba labo langaphambili lomsebenzi womzimba kancinci kancinci nangokukhuselekileyo.

Injani imeko yempilo yomntu oye waba nesifo sentliziyo? (Imbono)

Abantu abaninzi namhlanje bayasinda xa behlaselwa yintliziyo. Nangona kunjalo, imeko isenokuba mandundu kancinci kwaba bantu:

• Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala
• Abantu abanesifo sentliziyo
• Abantu abanesifo seswekile
• Abantu abakhe bahlaselwa yintliziyo ngaphambili

Aba bantu banokuba semngciphekweni omkhulu wokuba nesinye isifo sentliziyo okanye ukufa kwiinyanga ezintandathu ezizayo. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, oogqirha basebenza nzima ukulawula izinto ezibabeka emngciphekweni.

Kwabasetyhini, abafazi abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-45 ubudala ngaphambi kokuya exesheni baneziphumo ezingcono kunamadoda aneminyaka efanayo. Izazinzulu zikholelwa ukuba oku kungenxa yeempawu zehomoni i-estrogen ezikhusela intliziyo. Nangona kunjalo, emva kokuya exesheni, xa ukhuseleko olunikezelwa yi-estrogen lulahlekile, abafazi baba kwimeko embi kunamadoda. Ngokukodwa:

• Abafazi abanesifo sentliziyo abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-45 nama-65 ubudala banamathuba amaninzi okufa kungekapheli nonyaka emva kwesi siganeko kunamadoda aneminyaka efanayo.
• Abafazi abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala banamathuba amaninzi okufa kwiiveki ezimbalwa emva kokuhlaselwa yintliziyo kunamadoda aneminyaka efanayo, ngoko ke abafazi kufuneka balumke kakhulu ngempilo yentliziyo yabo.

Ndingazinyamekela njani? (Ukuzinyamekela emva kokuhlaselwa yintliziyo)

Emva kokuhlaselwa yintliziyo, kunokufuneka uqhubeke nokusela amanye amayeza owafumene njengonyango olungxamisekileyo. La aquka:

• `(Ii-Beta-blockers)`
• `(Izithinteli ze-ACE)`
• I-Aspirin kunye nezinye izinto zokunciphisa igazi
• `(IiStatins)`

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha? (Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha - ulandelelwano)

Emva kokuba uhlaselwe sisifo sentliziyo, umngcipheko wakho wokuba uphinde ube nesinye isifo uyakhula. Ugqirha wakho uya kukucebisa ukuba ulandele uvavanyo kunye nonyango ukunceda ukuthintela ukuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo kwixesha elizayo. Ezinye zezi ziquka:

• Ukuskena intliziyo: Njengeendlela ezisetyenziswayo ukufumanisa isifo sentliziyo, ezi zinokuvavanya impembelelo yokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo yakho zize zibone ukuba kukho na umonakalo ongapheliyo entliziyweni yakho. Zinokujonga naziphi na iingxaki ngentliziyo yakho kunye nenkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi ezinokunyusa umngcipheko wokuba nesifo sentliziyo kwixesha elizayo.
• `(Uvavanyo loxinzelelo)`:Olu vavanyo lwentliziyo kunye neeskeni, ezenziwa ngelixa uzilolonga, zinokubona iingxaki ezivela kuphela xa intliziyo ixinezelekile.
• Ukuvuselelwa kwentliziyo: Ezi nkqubo zinceda ukuphucula impilo yakho iyonke kunye nendlela ophila ngayo, nto leyo enokukunceda ekuthinteleni olunye uhlaselo lwentliziyo.

Ndingaya nini kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (i-ETU) ?

Ukuba uneempawu zesifo sentliziyo ezikhankanyiweyo kweli nqaku kwaye ucinga ukuba unesifo sentliziyo, fowunela inombolo yakho yongxamiseko yasekuhlaleni (ngo-1990 eSri Lanka) ngoko nangoko. Ngelixa ulinde uncedo, buza ukuba ufuna ukuthatha i-aspirin okanye elinye iyeza. Musa ukulibazisa ukufowuna. Yonke imizuzu ibalulekile ngexesha lokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo.

Kutheni kufuneka utsalele umnxeba ku-1990 endaweni yokuya esibhedlele wedwa?

Ukuba uneempawu zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo, kungcono ukufowunela u-911 okanye inkonzo yongxamiseko. Kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zoku:

• Abo basabela kuqala banokwenza ezinye zeemvavanyo zokuqala kunye nonyango lokuhlaselwa yintliziyo xa besiya esibhedlele. Oku kukhawuleza inkqubo yokuxilonga iyonke kunye nonyango.
• Ukuba ufika esibhedlele nge-ambulensi, uya kukwazi ukufumana unyango ngoko nangoko . Umzuzwana ngamnye ubalulekile ngexesha lokuhlaselwa yintliziyo.
• Uhlaselo lwentliziyo lunokubangela ukuba intliziyo yakho ibethe ngendlela engaqhelekanga okanye ime ngokupheleleyo. Nokuba yeyiphi na kwezi inokubangela ukuba ufe isiqaqa. Ukuba oku kwenzeka ngelixa ukwi-ambulensi, abo basabela kuqala banokungenelela ngoko nangoko bakuqinise. Kwakhona, akufuneki ukhathazeke ngokufe isiqaqa ngelixa uqhuba kwaye ubangele ingozi embi kuwe okanye kwabanye.

Umthambo ovalekileyo ufuna unyango olukhawulezileyo ukuthintela umonakalo ongunaphakade entliziyweni. Ukuba iimpawu zakho azikho mbi kakhulu, usenokucinga ukuba awunasifo sentliziyo. Kodwa iimpawu zinokuba zincinci, ngoko ke kungcono uhlolwe ngugqirha. Ukufowunela i-911 okanye inkonzo engxamisekileyo endaweni yokuya esibhedlele wedwa okanye nomnye umntu kunokuba luncedo ngakumbi kunokuba ucinga. Ukonga ixesha kuthetha ukonga izihlunu zentliziyo, nto leyo ethetha ukuba unokufumana iziphumo ezilungileyo.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha?

Eminye imibuzo onokuyibuza ugqirha wakho yile:

• Zeziphi izinto ezikhuselekileyo endimele ndizenze emva kokuhlaselwa yintliziyo?
• Zeziphi izinto ezibalulekileyo endinokuzenza ukuthintela olunye uhlaselo lwentliziyo?
• Ndifanele ndize kukubona kangaphi?
• Ngaba namanye amalungu osapho lwam kufuneka avavanywe intliziyo?

Isishwankathelo (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Nangona ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo sisiganeko esinzima kakhulu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba nolwazi olufanelekileyo ngaso, uthathe amanyathelo ngokukhawuleza xa kuvela iimpawu, kwaye ufumane unyango olufanelekileyo.Kwakhona, ngokuchonga izinto ezinokubangela umngcipheko kunye nokuphila ubomi obusempilweni, ungawunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokuba nesifo sentliziyo.

Khumbula, ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo uneempawu zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo, fowunela ku-1990 ngaphandle kokulibazisa. Oku kungasindisa ubomi!

Lumkela impilo yentliziyo yakho. Kuba intliziyo ephilileyo yeyona nto ibalulekileyo ebomini obusempilweni!

Uhlaselo lwentliziyo , uhlaselo lwentliziyo, Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo, iintlungu zesifuba, isifo sentliziyo, impilo yentliziyo, unyango olungxamisekileyo