Ingaba unezinga eliphezulu le-cholesterol? Masithethe nge-hypercholesterolemia!

Ngaba wakha wabona inqanaba le-cholesterol ephezulu kuvavanyo lwegazi? Okanye, ngaba ugqirha ukuxelele ukuba "i-cholesterol yakho embi iphezulu kancinci kwaye kufuneka ilawulwe"? Oku kunokuba yinto eqhelekileyo kubantu abaninzi. Ngoko ke, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngale meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-hypercholesterolemia. Ngamafutshane, oku kuthetha ukuba inqanaba le-cholesterol "embi" emzimbeni wakho, oko kukuthi i-low-density lipoprotein (LDL - Low-Density Lipoprotein), liphezulu kunokuba kuyimfuneko.

Yintoni i-hypercholesterolemia? Masiqonde kakuhle!

Kulungile, masichaze ngakumbi. I-Hypercholesterolemia kuxa i-cholesterol embi, okanye i-"LDL" cholesterol, egazini lakho iphezulu kakhulu. Esi sisifo se-lipid. Xa i-"LDL" isanda ngolu hlobo, loo mafutha angaphezulu aqala ukuqokelelana kwimithambo yegazi yakho, ingakumbi udonga lwemithambo yegazi yakho. Kufana nomhlwa oqokelelana ngaphakathi kombhobho wamanzi omdala. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-atherosclerosis.

Khawuthelekelele, oku kufana nombhobho wamanzi emyezweni wakho ovalwe luthuli namanzi. Xa amafutha eqokelelana ngaphakathi kwimithambo yegazi , athintela ukuhamba kwegazi.

Le meko, ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Atherosclerosis," inyusa umngcipheko wezifo ezinzulu ezifana nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo kunye nestroke. Enyanisweni, isifo sentliziyo sesona sibangela ukufa emhlabeni, kwaye imbangela ephambili yile meko, ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Atherosclerosis."

Liliphi inqanaba elithathwa njenge-hypercholesterolemia?

Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza, "Inqanaba le-cholesterol yam kufuneka libe phezulu kangakanani ngaphambi kokuba ndifikelele kule meko ye-hypercholesterolemia?" Ugqirha wakho uza kufumanisa oku kungekuphela nje ngokujonga inqanaba lakho '(LDL)`, kodwa nangokulithelekisa nezinye izinto ezinokubangela ukuba ube nesifo sentliziyo. Ngokubanzi, la ngamanqanaba athathwa njenge-cholesterol '(LDL)` ephezulu:

• Ukuba azikho ezinye izinto ezinobungozi , inqanaba le-LDL liyi-190 mg/dL okanye ngaphezulu.
• Esinye isizathu esibalulekileyo somngcipheko linqanaba eliphezulu le-LDL elingaphezulu kwe-160 mg/dL.
• Ngenxa yezinto ezimbini ezinobungozi, inqanaba le-LDL lingaphezulu kwe-130 mg/dL.

Ngokuxhomekeke kumngcipheko wakho wesifo sentliziyo, oogqirha banokucebisa ukuba inqanaba le-cholesterol yakho "embi" (LDL) lihlale liphakathi kwe-116 mg/dL kunye ne-70 mg/dL.

Ngoko ke, zithini ezi zinto ziyingozi?

Ukuba unazo ezi zinto, usengozini enkulu yokuba nesifo sentliziyo:

• Ubudala: Umngcipheko uyanda ngokuhamba kweminyaka.
• Igazi elonyukayo :Ukuba kukho uxinzelelo lwegazi .
• Imbali yosapho : Ukuba umntu kusapho unesifo sentliziyo esemncinci ngenxa ye-atherosclerosis.
• Isifo seswekile : Ukuba une -Diabetes Mellitus.
• I-cholesterol elungileyo ephantsi: Ukuba inqanaba le-``HDL - High-Density Lipoprotein`` okanye "i-cholesterol elungileyo" liphantsi.

Ngaba i-hypercholesterolemia kunye ne-hyperlipidemia ziyafana?

Hayi. Ezi zimbini zahlukile kancinci. I-Hypercholesterolemia luhlobo olunye nje lweqela elikhulu elibizwa ngokuba yi-hyperlipidemia. Kwi-hypercholesterolemia, sigxila ngokukodwa ekwandeni kwe-cholesterol ``(LDL)``, oko kukuthi, i-cholesterol embi. Nangona kunjalo, xa sithi ``(Hyperlipidemia)``, inokubandakanya ukunyuka kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwamafutha (lipid) egazini, kungekuphela nje ``(LDL)``.

Ngubani ochaphazeleka kakhulu yile meko?

Unamathuba amaninzi okuba namanqanaba aphezulu e-cholesterol "(LDL)" ukuba:

• Ukuba uneminyaka engaphezu kwama-40 ubudala.
• Ukuba ungowomthonyama waseAsia, waseIndiya, wasePhilippines, okanye waseVietnam.
• Ukuba ungumfazi osele efikelele exesheni.
• Ukuba ngumfazi (kwezinye iimeko).

Ixhaphake kangakanani i-hypercholesterolemia?

Esi sisifo esixhaphakileyo ngokwenene. Ngokwesiqhelo, umntu omnye kwabangamashumi amabini unokuba ne-hypercholesterolemia. Phantse isithathu kwisithathu sabantu abadala eMelika kuthiwa banamanqanaba aphezulu e-cholesterol "embi" (LDL). Esi sifo sixhaphakile naseSri Lanka.

Oku kuyichaphazela njani umzimba wakho?

Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, i-hypercholesterolemia inokubangela iingxaki kwinkqubo yentliziyo. Ezona ziphambili zezi:

• Istroke
• Isifo semithambo yegazi (oku kukhokelela ekuhlaselweni yintliziyo)
• Isifo semithambo yegazi ejikeleze umzimba (iingxaki zemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi ezingalweni nasemilenzeni)

Zithini iimpawu?

Nantsi inxalenye eyoyikisayo. Abantu abaninzi abane-hypercholesterolemia abanazo iimpawu. Oko kuthetha ukuba ungaphila kakuhle, ngaphandle kokungonwabi, kodwa amanqanaba akho e-cholesterol anokuba phezulu kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu abane-hypercholesterolemia enzima kakhuluUkuba, iidipozithi ze-cholesterol zinokuvela eluswini olungaphezulu kweenkophe njengeemiphunga ezimthubi (Xanthelasma). Okanye, kwezinye izicwili ezidityanisiweyo, umzekelo, ezijikeleze amalungu emilenze, iidipozithi ze-cholesterol zinokuvela njengeXanthoma. Amaxesha amaninzi, iidipozithi ze-cholesterol ezijikeleze umhlophe weliso zinokuvela njengeringi emhlophe (Corneal arcus). Kodwa ezi azixhaphakanga kakhulu.

Zithini izizathu ze-hypercholesterolemia?

Kusenokuba nezizathu ezahlukeneyo zoku.

• Izakhi zofuzo zakho: Abanye abantu banokuba nale meko ichaphazela iintsapho zabo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-familial hypercholesterolemia.
• Ukutya: Ukutya ukutya okuninzi okunamafutha agcweleyo kunye namafutha e-trans (umz., ukutya okunamafutha, ukutya okukhawulezayo, ezinye iinyama, iimveliso zokubhaka).
• Ukungazilolongi: Ukuphila ubomi obungenamsebenzi mkhulu.
• Iimveliso zecuba: Ukutshaya kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezinye iimveliso zecuba.
• Ezinye iimeko zonyango:
• Isifo sesibindi esithintelayo
• Isifo seswekile (iDiabetes Mellitus)`
• I-Hypothyroidism (i-thyroid engasebenzi kakuhle)
• I-Anorexia nervosa sisifo sokutya.
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso okungapheliyo
• Isifo seNephrotic
• Amayeza athile: Umzekelo, amayeza athile afana ne-`(Amiodarone)`, `(Rosiglitazone)`, `(Cyclosporine)`, kunye ne-`(Hydrochlorothiazide)` anokunyusa amanqanaba e-cholesterol.

Ungayiqonda njani le nto?

Ngokwesiqhelo, xa usiya kuvavanyo lomzimba lonyaka, ugqirha wakho uya kwenza oku kulandelayo:

• Buza ngembali yakho yezonyango kunye neemeko zempilo yosapho lwakho.
• Wenza uvavanyo lomzimba.
• Kuye kucelwe uvavanyo lwegazi olubizwa ngokuba yi-lipid panel. Oku kudla ngokwenziwa emva kokuzila ukutya iiyure ezimbalwa.

Luhlobo luni lovavanyo oluqhutywayo?

Xa ugqirha wakho ethe akafumananga ezinye izizathu ze-hypercholesterolemia yakho, angacebisa uvavanyo lwemfuza. Ugqirha wakho angacebisa ukuba amanye amalungu osapho enze olu vavanyo, ingakumbi ukuba une-hypercholesterolemia yosapho.

Iphathwa njani?

Injongo ephambili yokunyanga i-hypercholesterolemia kukunciphisa amanqanaba e-cholesterol "embi" (LDL) yakho kunye nokuthintela umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo. Oku kungenziwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo:

• Ukufumana umthambo ongakumbi: Into efana nokuhamba, ukubaleka, okanye ukudada ubuncinane imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku.
• Ukugcina ubunzima obusempilweni: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina ubunzima obufanele ubude bakho.
• Ukutya ukutya okunamafutha aphantsi: Ukunciphisa ukutya okunamafutha amaninzi.
• Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo: Ukufumana iindlela zokunciphisa uxinzelelo.
• Ukusela amayeza okwehlisa i-cholesterol: Sela amayeza kanye njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele.
• Ukuphepha iimveliso zecuba: Ukuyeka ngokupheleleyo ukutshaya.
• Ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunye namanqanaba eswekile egazini.
• I-Lipoprotein apheresis: Oku kwenzelwa kuphela abantu abane-hypercholesterolemia enzima kakhulu. Oku kuquka ukusebenzisa umatshini ukususa ii-lipoprotein (amasuntswana amafutha) egazini lakho uze uwafake kwakhona emzimbeni wakho.

Yintoni enokutyiwa nengenako ukutyiwa?

Ukuze unciphise ubungakanani be-cholesterol "embi" (LDL) egazini lakho, ungenza ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Nciphisa ukusetyenziswa kotywala: Kungcono ukuhlala kude notywala kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
• Yitya iziqhamo, imifuno, iimbotyi kunye neenkozo ezipheleleyo.
• Ukunciphisa ukutya okunamafutha amaninzi: Ukunciphisa ukutya kobisi (okufana netshizi, ibhotolo), ezinye iinyama (ingakumbi inyama ebomvu), kunye nokutya okumnandi (okufana neekeyiki, iibhisikithi).

Cinga ngokuzalisa isitya sakho ngemifuno neziqhamo ezinemibala. Endaweni yokutya okunamafutha, okuqhotsiweyo, khetha ukutya okubilisiweyo, okuphekiweyo, nokuqhotsiweyo. Nokuba usebenzisa ioyile yekhokhonathi, yisebenzise ngokulinganisela.

Ngawaphi amayeza asetyenziswayo?

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi eziphambili zamayeza asetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-hypercholesterolemia:

• Iistatins: Ezi zezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu.
• Izithinteli ze-PCSK9 `(izithinteli ze-PCSK9)`
• I-Ezetimibe
• Izinto ezidibanisa i-bile acid
• I-Niacin
• I-asidi ye-Bempedoic `(i-asidi ye-Bempedoic)`

Oogqirha bakwanika neminye imithi ethile kubantu abane-hypercholesterolemia yosapho.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango?

Njengayo nayiphi na imithi, amayeza okwehlisa i-cholesterol anokubangela ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Nangona kunjalo, xa kuthelekiswa neenzuzo zala mayeza, ezi ziphumo bezingalindelekanga zihlala zinyamezeleka. Ezinye zeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

• Ukuqhinwa okanye urhudo.
• Intlungu kwizihlunu okanye kumalungu.
• Ukungakhululeki esiswini.
• Intloko ebuhlungu .

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuxelela ugqirha wakho ukuba ufumana naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Angalungisa umthamo okanye akunike elinye iyeza elifanela wena.

Zingalindelwa ngokukhawuleza kangakanani iziphumo zonyango?

Malunga neeveki ezisi-8 ukuya kwezili-12 emva kokuba uqale ukuthatha amayeza akho, ugqirha wakho uza kwenza olunye uvavanyo lwe-lipid panel ukuze abone ukuba amanqanaba akho e-cholesterol ahlile na. Ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo, ugqirha wakho uza kugqiba ukuba kuyimfuneko na ukwandisa umthamo wamayeza akho, ukutshintshela kwelinye iyeza, okanye ukongeza elinye iyeza.

Ungayinciphisa njani ingozi?

Unganciphisa umngcipheko wakho wokuba ne-hypercholesterolemia ngokwamkela indlela yokuphila enempilo:

• Ukuzilolonga rhoqo.
• Ukugcina ubunzima obusempilweni.
• Ukutya ukutya okunamafutha aphantsi.
• Ukuphepha ukusebenzisa iimveliso zecuba.

Ngokwenza ezi zinto, ungazikhusela kungekuphela nje kwi-cholesterol, kodwa nakwezinye izifo ezininzi.

Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba une-hypercholesterolemia?

Ukuba ufunyaniswe une-cholesterol ephezulu ye-LDL, yinto ekuya kufuneka uyilawule ubomi bakho bonke. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Nje ukuba wenze imikhwa enempilo ibe yinxalenye yobomi bakho bemihla ngemihla, akuyi kufuneka ucinge kakhulu ngayo. Ungaqala ngezinto ezincinci. Umzekelo, ukutya isidlo esingenanyama kanye ngeveki, okanye ukuhambahamba kancinci emva kwesidlo sangokuhlwa yonke imihla. Xa usiya evenkileni, khetha ukutya okunamafutha agcweleyo aphantsi kunye namafutha e-trans. Ngaleyo ndlela, uya kuhlala unokutya okunempilo ekhaya. Kwakhona, zama ukongeza imifuno emitsha kunye nemifuno ekutyeni kwakho ongazange ukutye ngaphambili.

Injani imbono?

Ukuba awuyinyangi i-hypercholesterolemia yakho, unokuba nesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-`(Atherosclerosis)` (ukuqina kwemithambo yegazi). Oku kwandisa umngcipheko wokuba nesifo sentliziyo okanye isifo sohlangothi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uphila ubomi obusempilweni, uthatha amayeza ukuba kuyimfuneko, kwaye ulawule amanqanaba akho e-`(LDL)` cholesterol, ungawunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wakho wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo kunye nesifo sohlangothi. Izifundo ezininzi zonyango zifumanise ukuba abantu abalawula kakuhle i-hypercholesterolemia yabo banempilo engcono kakhulu.

Uzinyamekela njani?

Ngenxa yokuba ulawulo lwe-cholesterol luyinkqubo yobomi bonke, kufuneka uqhubeke nokwenza utshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo kwaye uthathe amayeza akho njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele. Gcina ezi zinto engqondweni:

• Zilolonge iintsuku ezininzi ngeveki.
• Ziphephe ngokupheleleyo iimveliso zecuba.
• Kuphephe ukutya okunamafutha amaninzi okanye amafutha e-trans.

Udinga nini ukubona ugqirha?

Ungaphoswa kukuhlolwa rhoqo ngugqirha wakho. Uza kufuna ukwazi oku:

• Ingaba amayeza akho okwehlisa i-cholesterol asebenza kakuhle?
• Ngaba unayo nayiphi na imiphumo emibi evela kumayeza akho?
• Ngaba ulandela ngqo iingcebiso zakhe?

Ukuba uneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezibi kakhulu, ugqirha wakho unokukutshintshela kwenye iyeza. Usenokufuna ukujonga amanqanaba akho e-cholesterol rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba akwimida eqhelekileyo.

Yeyiphi imibuzo omele uyibuze ugqirha?

Xa usiya kugqirha, ungathandabuzi ukubuza imibuzo efana nale:

• "Luhlobo luni lomthambo endifanele ndiwenze ukuze ndinciphise amanqanaba e-cholesterol yam?"
• "Ungandicebisa inkqubo enokundinceda ndiyeke ukutshaya?"
• "Ungandinika ingcebiso yokuba ndibone ingcali yokutya ukuze ndifumane uncedo ngokutya kwam?"

Ukuba inqanaba le-cholesterol yakho ye-LDL liphezulu, awuwedwa. Le yingxaki eqhelekileyo abantu abaninzi abanayo. Ugqirha wakho ngumhlobo wakho osenyongweni ekuncedeni ukuba inqanaba le-cholesterol yakho ye-LDL libuyele esiqhelweni. Angacebisa iindlela zokukunceda wenze oku. Ukuba utshintsho lwendlela yokuphila lodwa alwanelanga, ungajoyina izigidi zabantu abasebenzisa amayeza okunciphisa i-cholesterol.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka siyikhumbule koku (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngoko ke, ngokwezinto esizithethileyo, ezi zezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekufuneka zikhunjulwe:

• I-Hypercholesterolemia kukwanda kwe-cholesterol embi (LDL) egazini. Oku kwandisa umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo kunye nestroke.
• Ixesha elininzi, akukho zimpawu, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba kwenziwe uvavanyo lwegazi rhoqo.
• Le meko ingalawulwa kakuhle ngokutshintsha indlela yokuphila (ukutya okufanelekileyo, ukuzilolonga, kunye nokuyeka ukutshaya) kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, amayeza njengoko eyalelwe ngugqirha .
• Ungakhathazeki. Ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho kwaye uyilawule kakuhle loo nto, ungaphila ubomi obusempilweni.

Ngoko ke, lumkela amanqanaba akho e-cholesterol. Hlala usempilweni! i-hypercholesterolemia, i-cholesterol, i-LDL, i-HDL, isifo sentliziyo, istroke, ukutya, indlela yokuphila