Ingaba uhlala udiniwe? Ngaba oku kungaba yingxaki kwi-pituitary gland yakho? (Hypopituitarism)

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva ngathi umzimba wakho ubuthathaka, ngathi kukho into engekhoyo? Mhlawumbi isizathu sale nto yingxaki encinci kwenye yezona gland zincinci, kodwa zibaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wakho. Namhlanje siza kuthetha nge- hypopituitarism , imeko engaqhelekanga eyenzeka kwi -pituitary gland . Ungakhathazeki, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokulula, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.

Yintoni i-hypopituitarism?

Ngamafutshane, i-hypopituitarism ibangelwa kukuba i-pituitary gland yakho ayivelisi iihomoni ezaneleyo. Ngoku mhlawumbi uyazibuza ukuba zeziphi ezi homoni. Iihomoni zifana nezithunywa zeekhemikhali ezithwala imiyalezo yokwenza imizimba yethu isebenze ngokufanelekileyo. Iihomoni ze-pituitary zilawula izinto ezininzi, kubandakanya imetabolism yethu, ukukhula komzimba, uphuhliso lwesondo, kunye nokuzala.

Cinga ngayo njengesikhungo esincinci somyalelo emzimbeni wethu, i-pituitary gland. Kodwa ayisebenzi yodwa. Incediswa yenye inxalenye ebalulekileyo yobuchopho ebizwa ngokuba yi-hypothalamus . I-hypothalamus ixelela i-pituitary gland ukuthi, "Kulungile, khupha i-hormone ngoku." I-hypothalamus ikwalawula izinto ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi, isantya sentliziyo, ubushushu bomzimba, kunye nokugaya ukutya. Ngoko ke, ukuba kukho nawuphi na umonakalo okanye isifo kwi-pituitary gland okanye kwi-hypothalamus, unokuba ne-hypopituitarism.

Le meko ingenzeka ngequbuliso, nokuba sele kwenzeke ingozi. Okanye ingakhula kancinci kancinci kwiinyanga okanye iminyaka. Rhoqo, aba bantu kuya kufuneka bathathe amayeza ubomi babo bonke ukulawula iimpawu zabo. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, ugqirha wakho uya kukujonga ngokusondeleyo aze akunike unyango olufunekayo.

Ngaba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-hypopituitarism?

Ewe, inokwahlulwa ibe ziintlobo ezimbini eziphambili. Enye isekelwe ekubeni ingakanani na i-hormone enqongopheleyo .

• Ukunqongophala kwe-pituitary ezimeleyo: Kule meko, i-hormone enye kuphela ye-pituitary ayisebenzi kakuhle.
• Ukunqongophala kweehomoni zepituitary ezininzi: Oku kwenzeka xa iihomoni zepituitary ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu zinqongophele.
• I-Panhypopituitarism: Le yimeko engembi kangako apho zonke iihomoni eziveliswa yi-pituitary gland zincipha khona.

Okulandelayo, zahlulwe ngokwesizathu kunye nendlela echaphazeleka ngayo i-pituitary gland :

• I-hypopituitarism ephambili: Oku kubangelwa kukonakala okanye sisifo esichaphazela ngqo i-pituitary gland.
• I-hypopituitarism yesibini: Oku kubangelwa kukonakala okanye sisifo kwi-hypothalamus. Khumbula, i-hypothalamus yiyo enika imiyalelo kwi-pituitary gland.
• Idiopathic hypopituitarism: Ngamanye amaxesha unobangela awufumaneki.

Zithini iimpawu zeHypopituitarism?

Iimpawu ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwi-hormone enganelanga . Ezi zinto zilandelayo nazo zidlala indima:

• Isini sakho.
• Ubudala bakho xa le meko yaqala .
• Unobangela we-hypopituitarism.
• Indlela eziye zancipha ngayo ngokukhawuleza iihomoni .

Ngoku makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi iimpawu ezibonakala xa i-hormone nganye iphantsi.

Iimpawu zoKunqongophala kweHormone yoKhula (GH)

Kwabantwana abasandul’ ukuzalwa:

• Amanqanaba aphantsi eswekile egazini (iHypoglycemia) .
• Ukuba nepenis yendoda encinci ngokungaqhelekanga (Micropenis) .

Kwabantwana abancinci:

• Ukukhula kucotha kakhulu okanye phantse akukho. Umzekelo, ukuba umntwana wakho akabonakali ekhula mde xa ethelekiswa nabanye abantwana abaneminyaka yakhe, oku kungaba luphawu loku.
• Ukuphakama okufutshane .
• Ukukhula ngokwesondo okulibazisekayo okanye okungekhoyo ngexesha lokufikisa.

Kwabantu abadala:

• Ukudinwa okungapheliyo . Ukuziva ngathi ibhetri iphelile.
• Ukuziva ungonwabanga kwaye unganelisekanga bubomi.
• Ukuncipha kwemisebenzi yesondo kunye nomnqweno .
• Ukwanda kokugcwala kwamafutha, ingakumbi esinqeni .
• Ukuncipha kokunyamezela ukubanda nobushushu .
• Ukuncipha kobunzima bemisipha .
• Ukuncipha kwamandla kunye nokunyamezela xa usenza umthambo.

Iimpawu zokunqongophala kwe-Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH)

Kwabantwana abasandul’ ukuzalwa:

• Ukuncipha kwethoni yemisipha (amalungu aziva ngathi awanabomi).
• Ubushushu bomzimba obuphantsi (iHypothermia) .
• Ndiziva ndidumbile .
• Ekhala ngelizwi elirhabaxa nelingenazintsholongwane .

Kubantwana abancinci nakubantu abadala:

Iimpawu zoku ziyafana nezo ze- hypothyroidism , kuba i-hormone ye-TSH ivuselela i-thyroid gland ukuba ivelise iihomoni zayo.

• Ukudinwa kakhulu .
• Ulusu olomileyo kunye nokuncitshiswa/ukulahleka kweenwele .
• Ukuqhinwa kwesisu .
• Ukutyeba kwakho .
• Ubuthathaka bemisipha .
• Ukungakwazi ukumelana nokubanda .
• Iimeko zengqondo ezifana nokudakumba .
• Abafazi banokuba sexesheni ngendlela engaqhelekanga okanye baphume igazi elininzi kunesiqhelo .

Iimpawu zeFollicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) kunye/okanye iLuteinizing Hormone (LH) deficiency

I-FSH kunye ne-LH zii-hormone ezibizwa ngokuba yi -gonadotropins . Ezi zichaphazela ngqo inkqubo yethu yokuzala .

Kwabafana abasandul’ ukuzalwa:

• Ukuba nepenis yendoda encinci ngokungaqhelekanga (Micropenis) .
• Amasende angathontsi .

Kwabantwana abancinci:

• Ukunqongophala kophuhliso lwamabele kumantombazana.
• Amasende abafana awakhuli .
• Umzimba awufumani ukunyuka ngesiquphe kobude (ukukhula ngokukhawuleza) ngexesha lokufikisa.

Kwamadoda:

• Ukuncipha komnqweno wesondo .
• Ukudinwa kakhulu .
• Ukungazali .
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-erectile .
• Ukulahlekelwa buboya bobuso okanye bomzimba .

Kwabasetyhini:

• Inkanuko ephantsi yobulili .
• Ukudinwa kakhulu .
• Ukungazali .
• Ubushushu obugqithisileyo - Ukuziva ubushushu ngequbuliso emzimbeni.
• Ukuya exesheni okungaqhelekanga okanye ukuyeka ngokupheleleyo ukuya exesheni (Amenorrhea) .
• Ukulahlekelwa ziinwele esiswini esisezantsi .
• Ukungaphumeleli ukuvelisa ubisi lwebele emva kokuzala umntwana .

Iimpawu ze-Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH okanye iCorticotropin) Ukunqongophala

Kwabantwana abasandul’ ukuzalwa:

• Amanqanaba aphantsi eswekile egazini (iHypoglycemia) .
• Ukutyeba kancinci kakhulu (Ukungaphumeleli ukukhula) . Kufana nokuba umntwana akancancisi nangona esela ubisi olwaneleyo.
• Ukuxhuzula .
• Ukutyheli kolusu (i-Jaundice) .

Kubantwana abancinci nakubantu abadala:

• Ukudinwa kakhulu .
• Ukunciphisa umzimba ngaphandle kwesizathu .
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi (Hypotension) .
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza .
• Amanqanaba aphantsi eswekile egazini (iHypoglycemia) .
• Ukudideka, ukulahlekelwa zingqondo .

Iimpawu zokunqongophala kweProlactin

Uphawu oluphambili lwale nto kukungabikho kobisi lwebele emva kokuzala umntwana .

Iimpawu zokunqongophala kwe-Oxytocin

• Iingxaki zokuncancisa emva kokuba umntwana ezelwe.
• Ubunzima bokunxulumana nomntwana emva kokuzalwa.
• Ukungabi naluvelwano ngokubandezeleka kwabanye.
• Ubunzima bokunxibelelana nabanye.

Iimpawu ze-Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH okanye iVasopressin okanye iArginine Vasopressin) Ukunqongophala

Kwabantwana abasandul’ ukuzalwa:

• Ukuhlanza .
• Umkhuhlane ongaziwayo .
• Ukukhala kakhulu .
• Ukuhla ukusinda .
• Ukuqhinwa kwesisu .
• Ukumanzisa iinapu rhoqo (Iinapu ezimanzi kakhulu) .

Kwabantwana abancinci:

• Ubunzima ekuqeqesheni indlu yangasese .
• Ukuchama Ebhedini .
• Ukudinwa ngokukhawuleza .

Kwabantu abadala:

• Ukuchama rhoqo .
• Unxano olugqithisileyo .
• Ukungalingani kwe-electrolyte .

Kubalulekile: Ungakhathazeki ukuba unenye okanye ezimbini kwezi mpawu, kodwa ukuba ziyaqhubeka, kungcono ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha.

Zithini izizathu ze-hypopituitarism?

Zininzi izizathu zesi simo. Ngamanye amaxesha noogqirha abakwazi ukukhomba unobangela ochanekileyo. Ngokubanzi, inokubangelwa zizinto ezintathu eziphambili:

1. Ukucinezela i-pituitary gland okanye i-hypothalamus.

2. Ukonakala kwi-pituitary gland okanye kwi-hypothalamus.

3. Ukuba nesifo esingaqhelekanga okanye esinye isifo esibangela i-hypopituitarism.

Iimeko ezichaphazela i-pituitary gland okanye i-hypothalamus

Iimeko ezinokubangela uxinzelelo kwezi ndawo zobuchopho kwaye zibangele i-hypopituitarism ziquka:

• I-pituitary adenomas: Ezi zii-tumor ezingenobungozi ezenzeka kwi-pituitary gland. Zinokutshintsha indlela eziveliswa ngayo iihomoni.
• Iithumba zobuchopho: Iithumba ezikhula kufutshane ne-hypothalamus okanye i-pituitary gland zinokuphazamisa ukuveliswa kweehomoni.
• I-Lymphocytic hypophysitis (LH): Le yimeko engaqhelekanga. Apha, iiseli ezibizwa ngokuba zii-lymphocytes zihlasela i-pituitary gland. (Le LH akufuneki idideke ne-Luteinizing Hormone ekhankanyiweyo ngaphambili, akunjalo?!)
• I-pituitary okanye i-hypothalamus sarcoidosis: I-Sarcoidosis sisifo esibangela ukudumba.

Iziganeko ezonakalisa i-pituitary gland okanye i-hypothalamus

• Utyando: Iingxaki ngexesha lotyando lobuchopho (ingakumbi utyando lokususa ii-adenomas ze-pituitary).
• Unyango ngemitha: Imitha esetyenziselwa ukunyanga unyango lwangaphambili lomhlaza okanye ii-pituitary adenomas.
• Ukulimala okukhulu entloko (Ukulimala kwengqondo okubuhlungu - iTBI):Izinto ezifana neengozi zeemoto, ukuwa, kunye nokwenzakala kwezemidlalo.
• I-pituitary apoplexy: Ukutshatyalaliswa ngequbuliso kwezicubu ze-pituitary gland.

Iimeko zempilo ezingaqhelekanga

• I-Hemochromatosis edluliselwa kwilifa: Le yimeko yemfuza. Ibangela ukuba i-iron eninzi iqokelele egazini. Oku kungonakalisa i-pituitary gland.
• I-meningitis yebhaktheriya: Nangona ingaqhelekanga, i-hypopituitarism inokwenzeka njengengxaki ye-meningitis yebhaktheriya.
• Utshintsho kwimfuza: Ezinye iimeko ezingaqhelekanga zemfuza zinokubangela ukungabikho kwehomoni ye-pituitary.

Zithini izinto ezibangela umngcipheko?

Ezi meko okanye iziganeko zilandelayo zinokuba zizinto ezinokubangela i-hypopituitarism:

• Ekubeni ndikhe ndafumana unyango lomhlaza kunye nemitha ngaphambili.
• Ukulimala entloko okanye ebuchotsheni: Phakathi kwama -27% nama-32% abantu abaye benzakala entloko ngenxa yengozi ebuhlungu (TBI) bahlakulela i-hypopituitarism.
• I-Sickle cell anemia: Esi sifo sinokubangela ukungabikho kwe-pituitary hormone.
• Isifo seswekile sohlobo 1: Ukonakala kwemithambo-luvo kunye nemithambo yegazi okubangelwa sisifo seswekile sohlobo 1 esingalawulekiyo kunokubangela esi sifo.
• Ukukhulelwa kunye nokuzala: Ukopha kakhulu emva kokuzala kunokonakalisa i-pituitary gland. Le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi -Sheehan syndrome .

Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka

Ukungabikho kakuhle kweehomoni ezihamba ne-hypopituitarism kunokukhokelela ekuphuhlisweni kwezinye iimeko. Ezi ziphumo ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwihomoni enganelanga. Nazi ezinye imizekelo:

• Ukunqongophala kwe-GH (i-growth hormone) kunokubangela ukutyeba kakhulu , i-cholesterol ephezulu , kunye ne -metabolic syndrome .
• Ukunqongophala kweehomoni ze-estrogen (ngenxa yokunqongophala kwe-FSH) kunokubangela i-osteoporosis ( ukuncitshiswa kwamathambo) kwabasetyhini.
• Ukungabikho kwe-ACTH kunokubangela ingxaki ye-adrenal , imeko engxamisekileyo esongela ubomi.

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo ukuze kufunyaniswe esi sifo?

Ugqirha wakho unokuyalela naluphi na olu vavanyo ukuze kufunyaniswe i-hypopituitarism:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi lwamanqanaba eehomoni: Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zakho, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela uvavanyo lwegazi olulinganisa amanqanaba ahlukeneyo eehomoni.
• Uvavanyo lokukhuthaza iihomoni: Kolu vavanyo, ugqirha wakho uza kukunika iyeza lokukhuthaza i-pituitary gland yakho ukuba ikhuphe ihomoni evavanywayo. Emva koko, kuthathwa isampuli yegazi ize ithunyelwe kwilebhu ukuze ivavanywe.
• Uvavanyo lokunyamezela i-insulin: Oku kunokufumanisa ukusilela kwehomoni yokukhula (GH) kunye ne-ACTH.
• Uvavanyo lwe-Osmolality lwegazi nomchamo: Olu vavanyo lokujonga ukungabikho kwe-antidiuretic hormone (ADH).
• I-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) Scan: Ii-MRI scans zithatha imifanekiso eneenkcukacha zangaphakathi lomzimba wakho. Ii-MRI scans zobuchopho zithathwa njengeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokufumana iithumba ze-pituitary ezibangela i-hypopituitarism.
• Iskeni seBrain CT (Computed Tomography): Olu vavanyo lungasetyenziselwa ukubona ukuba kukho ithumba lobuchopho okanye i-pituitary adenoma ebangela le meko.

Iphathwa njani i-hypopituitarism?

Nangona kungekho nyango, lunokunyangeka . Unyango luxhomekeke ekubeni zeziphi iihomoni ezinqongopheleyo kunye nokuba yintoni ebangela imeko yakho . Iqela lakho lezonyango liza kukunceda uphuhlise isicwangciso sonyango esikulungeleyo. Iindlela zonyango eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

• Unyango lokutshintshwa kwamahomoni: Injongo yoku kukubuyisela amahomoni e-pituitary asezantsi kumanqanaba aqhelekileyo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, amayeza kufuneka athathwe ubomi bakho bonke.
• Utyando: Abantu abane-pituitary adenomas banokufuna utyando ukuze basuswe.
• Unyango ngemitha: Unyango ngemitha lunokunceda ukunciphisa i-pituitary adenomas.

Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba uhlale unekhadi lesazisi okanye isongo sesandla ngamaxesha onke, xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo.

Yintoni ingqikelelo yokuba umntu une-hypopituitarism?

Imbono iyahluka, kuxhomekeke kwezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Ubudala bakho xa iimpawu zakho zaqala khona .
• Isizathu semeko yakho .
• Indlela ezichaphazeleka ngayo iihomoni .
• Indlela umzimba wakho osabela ngayo kunyango .

Abantu abaninzi abane-hypopituitarism baphila ubomi obusempilweni. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kukho umonakalo we-pituitary ohlala ixesha elide, ixesha lokuphila linokuba lifutshane kancinci kunelomntu oneminyaka efanayo ongenaso esi sifo. Nangona kunjalo, ixesha lokuphila alihlali lincitshiswa kwabo balandela isicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo .

Kuthekani ukuba kukho imeko engxamisekileyo? Ukuba i-hypopituitarism ikhula ngequbuliso, imbi kakhulu, kwaye ayinyangwa, inokuba yimeko engxamisekileyo yezonyango kwaye ide ikhokelele ekufeni. Ngoko ke ukuba ubona iimpawu, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Kwiimeko ezininzi, i-hypopituitarism ifuna ukujongwa ngokusondeleyo ubomi bonke kweehomoni ezichaphazelekileyo. Bona ugqirha wakho rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba isicwangciso sakho sonyango siyasebenza.Ukuba uneempawu ezintsha okanye ezixhalabisayo, qhagamshelana nogqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

Ukuba ufunyaniswe une-hypopituitarism, ungabuza ugqirha wakho le mibuzo:

• Luhlobo luni lwe-hypopituitarism endinalo?
• Zeziphi iihomoni eziphantsi kum?
• Yintoni isizathu soku?
• Ziziphi iindlela zonyango endinazo?
• Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezivela kunyango lwam?
• Kufuneka ndithathe amayeza ixesha elingakanani?
• Ngaba oku kuya kuyichaphazela inzala yam?
• Ngaba oku kuya kuyichaphazela indlela endikhulelwe ngayo?
• Ngaba oku kungenzeka nakubantwana bam?

Okokugqibela, khumbula (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ukuxilongwa okutsha kunokuba yinto eyoyikisayo, kodwa ungoyiki ukubuza ugqirha wakho imibuzo malunga ne-hypopituitarism. Kwiimeko ezininzi, unyango lobomi bonke kunye nokuhlolwa kweehomoni kuyimfuneko. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha wakho rhoqo. Ukuba uneempawu ezintsha okanye ezixhalabisayo, nxibelelana nogqirha wakho. Bakho ukukunceda. Ngolawulo olufanelekileyo, ungaphila ubomi obusempilweni nobusebenzayo.

i- hypopituitarism, i-pituitary gland, iihomoni, ukungabikho kweehomoni, i-hypothalamus, ihomoni yokukhula, i-thyroid, i-adrenal, iMpilo yaseSri Lanka, i-pituitary gland, ukungabikho kweehomoni