Ngaba umntwana wakho omncinci ubonakala wahlukile kunangaphambili? Uhlala ekhetha ukuba yedwa, unabahlobo abambalwa, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ukuziphatha kwakhe kunzima ukukuqonda... Ezi zinto zinokubangela inkxalabo enkulu. Oku kusenokuba yinxalenye eqhelekileyo yobutsha, okanye kunokubakho esinye isizathu esiyintloko. Yiyo loo nto i-autism, okanye i-Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) , ithetha ngayo. Njengabazali, kuqhelekile ukuba sizive soyika kwaye sixhalabile xa umntwana onesifo esinjalo engena ebusheni. Masithethe ngale nto ngendlela elula kwaye sifumane iimpendulo kwimibuzo onayo engqondweni.
Ziziphi iimpawu ze-autism kumntwana omncinci?
Ulutsha lixesha apho iimvakalelo kunye nokuziphatha kwabantwana kutshintsha kakhulu. Ngoko ke ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba nzima ukwahlula phakathi kokuziphatha okuqhelekileyo kolutsha kunye nokuziphatha okubangelwa yi-autism. Akukho nto ibizwa ngokuba luvavanyo olukhawulezileyo (uvavanyo lwe-autism yolutsha). Nangona kunjalo, kukho iimpawu kunye nemingeni ephawulekayo umntwana one-autism ajongene nayo njengoko engena ebusheni.
| Umngeni / Uphawu | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Ubunzima obunxulumene nokufikisa | Intombazana inokufuna ukucaciselwa ngokucacileyo ukuba yintoni ixesha lokuya exesheni, ukuba linjani, kunye nokuba zeziphi iimveliso zococeko ekufuneka zisetyenziswe ngexesha lokuya exesheni. Amakhwenkwe namantombazana kufuneka bafundiswe ngokucacileyo ngeendawo ezifanelekileyo nezingafanelekanga zokuthetha ngesondo kunye notshintsho lomzimba. |
| Isifo sokuwa/ Ukuxhuzula | Abantwana abane-autism basengozini enkulu yokuba nesifo sokuwa kunabantu ngokubanzi. Ngenxa yotshintsho lweehomoni besebancinci, abanye abantwana banokuba nesifo sokuwa okokuqala ngeli xesha. Ukuba umntwana sele enesifo sokuwa, imeko inokuba mandundu. |
| Iingxaki ngomsebenzi wesikolo | Nokuba umntwana okwaziyo ukufunda kakuhle unokufumana kunzima ukuqonda iingcamango, ukucinga nzulu, nokubhala izincoko kumabanga aphezulu. Banokufumana kunzima ukuziqhelanisa nolu tshintsho lwemfundo. |
| Ukulahlekelwa ngabahlobo/ukuxhaphazwa | Ukuziphatha okuphindaphindwayo, izinto azithandayo ezingaqhelekanga, kunye nokuziphatha okungafanelekanga ngokwentlalo kwenza ukuba baxhatshazwe ngoontanga babo. Oku kunokukhokelela ekubeni balahlekelwe ngabahlobo babo baze babe bodwa. |
| Iingxaki zeemvakalelo | Utshintsho lwexesha lokufikisa kunye noxinzelelo loluntu lwenza kube nzima kubantwana abane-autism ukulawula iimvakalelo zabo. Oku kunokukhokelela kwiimeko ezifana nokudakumba okanye ixhala. Enyanisweni, malunga nama-39% abantwana abane-autism bafunyaniswe benesifo sokuxhalaba. |
Ingaba kukho umahluko phakathi kwamantombazana namakhwenkwe?
Ewe, eli linqaku elibaluleke kakhulu. Amantombazana ane-autism anokuziphatha ngendlela eyahlukileyo kunamakhwenkwe. Uphando lufumanise ukuba amantombazana azama ukufihla iimpawu zawo ze-autism aze aziphathe njengabantwana abaqhelekileyo (njengokwenza izinto). Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-'camouflaging' okanye 'i-'masking' .
Khawucinge nje, bazama ukuthetha, ukuncuma, nokuziphatha njengabo bonke abantu kuluntu. Nangona bebonakala benobuhlobo kakhulu ngaphandle, baxinezelekile kakhulu kwaye baxhalabile ngaphakathi.
Ukuba intombi yakho ibonakala ngathi ine-autism, kodwa ugqirha uthi "ithanda kakhulu abantu," kubalulekile ukufumana uluvo lwesibini. Ukulibazisa ukuxilongwa kwandisa umngcipheko wentombi yakho wokuba neengxaki zempilo yengqondo ezinzulu.
Kutheni iimpawu ze-autism zomntwana wam zibonakala zisanda kule minyaka?
Ngamafutshane, kungenxa yoxinzelelo.. Sibona iimpawu ze-autism zinzima ngakumbi xa besebancinci ngenxa yotshintsho olutsha ekufuneka bajongane nalo ngelo xesha. Cinga ngotshintsho emzimbeni wabo, umthwalo womsebenzi owandileyo esikolweni, uxinzelelo loontanga, ukucinga ngekamva... Xa konke oku kwenzeka ngaxeshanye, kunokuba nzima kumntwana one-autism ukumelana nako. Kungenxa yolo xinzelelo ukuba iimpawu zakhe zibonakale ngakumbi.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba i-autism ayisosifo esiqala ngequbuliso ebuntwaneni. Iimpawu kufuneka ukuba bezikho ebantwaneni ukususela ebuntwaneni. Ngamanye amaxesha, iimpawu zisenokungabonakali kangako ebuntwaneni kwaye zinokuvela kunye nemingeni yobudala.
Ukuba umntwana wakho uqala ukubonisa ezi mpawu (ukuba yedwa, ukwenza izinto ezifanayo) esemncinci , oko kusenokuba yinto eyahlukileyo kwi-autism. Ngoko ke ukuba unamathandabuzo, thetha nogqirha wakho.
Indlela yokunyamekela umntwana omncinci one-autism?
Into yokuqala ekufuneka uyikhumbule kukuba i-autism ayilohlobo lomntu. Nokuba umntwana wakho uneempawu ze-autism, usengumntu onezinto azithandayo, angazithandiyo, iimfuno zakhe kunye neemvakalelo zakhe.
Masikuncede ube ngumntu othanda abantu, kodwa ungakunyanzeli.
Abantwana abaninzi abancinci abane-autism abakuthandi ukusebenza nabanye abantu. Nangona kunjalo, ungabakhuthaza ukuba babe nobudlelwane nabantu ngemisebenzi abayithandayo . Umzekelo, umntwana othanda ukudweba unokufakwa kwiqela lobugcisa, okanye umntwana odlala isixhobo somculo unokufakwa kwiqela lomculo.
Nokuba ufuna umntwana wakho abe nabahlobo abaninzi, musa ukumnyanzela. Banokonwaba ngakumbi xa enomhlobo omnye osenyongweni. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukudala indawo apho ubuhlobo bunokukhula khona.
Fundisa ngokucacileyo izakhono ezifunekayo ebomini
Abantwana abancinci abaqhelekileyo bafunda lukhulu ngokubukela oontanga babo bengafundiswa ngokuthe ngqo. Kodwa umntwana wakho one-autism kufuneka afundiswe ezi zakhono zobomi ngokucacileyo, inyathelo ngenyathelo.
- Ucoceko kunye nempilo yakho: Kusenokufuneka uzikhumbuze ukuhlamba yonke imihla, usebenzise i-deodorant, kwaye uchebe iinwele. Kwakhona, khuthaza ukulala kakuhle, ukutya okunempilo , kunye nokuzilolonga.
- Ulawulo lweeMvakalelo: Qaphela iimvakalelo ezinje ngolonwabo, usizi, nomsindo, qonda xa omnye umntu edakumbile, kwaye uziqhelise ukuzithomalalisa xa uziva uphantsi.
- Izakhono zokhuseleko: Bafundise izinto ezifana nendlela yokuwela isitalato, indlela yokucela uncedo xa kufuneka, nokungahambi nabantu abangabaziyo.
- Izakhono zentlalo :Fundisa izinto ezilula ezibonisa imbeko ezifana nendlela yokuqalisa incoko nomntu, ukubuza "Unjani?", ukubulisa, enkosi, kunye nokuvula ucango lomntu.
- Ulawulo lwemali: Ziqhelise izinto ezifana nendlela yoku-odola ukutya evenkileni uze ukuhlawulele, indlela yokwenza uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali olulula, kunye nendlela yokusebenzisa ikhadi ledebithi.
Umntwana omncinci one-autism unamandla kunye nemingeni eyahlukileyo ekuqondeni ihlabathi. Ukuba umntwana wakho unobunzima kwizakhono zentlalo, ukucubungula iimvakalelo, kunye nokujongana notshintsho kwimisebenzi yemihla ngemihla, angazuza kakhulu kuvavanyo lwe-autism.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Iimpawu ze-autism zibonakala zisanda kubantu abancinci, kungekhona ngenxa yokuqalisa kwesi sifo, kodwa ngenxa yoxinzelelo olufunyanwa kuloo minyaka.
- Amantombazana angazifihla iimpawu zawo. Ukuba unamathandabuzo, ungathandabuzi ukufuna uluvo lukagqirha.
- Endaweni yokunyanzela umntwana wakho ukuba abe nabahlobo, dala indawo apho anokuba nobudlelwane nabantu ngezinto azonwabelayo.
- Fundisa izakhono zobomi ezifana nokucoceka, ukulawula iimvakalelo, ukhuseleko, kunye nokulawula imali ngokucacileyo nangokuthe ngqo.
- Umntwana wakho mkhulu kune-autism. Hlonipha ubuwena bakhe kwaye umnike inkxaso ayidingayo.
- Ukuba unamathandabuzo, imibuzo, okanye iinkxalabo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthetha nogqirha wabantwana okanye ugqirha wengqondo wabantwana.
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