Yintoni i-meningitis? Masifunde ngesi sifo siyingozi ngokulula!

Mhlawumbi ukhe weva ngesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-meningitis, akunjalo? Mhlawumbi umhlobo okanye ilungu losapho lwakho likhe lanaso. Okanye mhlawumbi ukhe wasiva kwiphephandaba okanye kwiTV. Eli ligama eloyikekayo ngokwenene. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba sinolwazi olufanelekileyo ngesi sifo, singajongana naso ngaphandle koloyiko. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe ngesi sifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-meningitis ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda, kulungile?

Yintoni i-meningitis? Ngamafutshane...

Ngamafutshane, i-meningitis kukudumba kwee-membrane ezikhuselayo ezijikeleze ingqondo yethu kunye nomqolo . Ezi membrane zikhuselayo sizibiza ngokuba yi-meninges . Cinga ngayo njengokubeka i-pillowcase kumqamelo wakho, ezi meninges zikho ukuze zikhusele ingqondo yethu kunye nomqolo. Ngoko ke xa ezi meninges zivuvukala ngesizathu esithile, oko kukuthi, xa zivuvukala , yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-meningitis.

Oku kudumba kunokubangela uxinzelelo engqondweni nasemgogodleni, yiyo loo nto oku kungaba yingxaki enkulu.

Ziziphi izizathu eziphambili ze-meningitis?

I-Meningitis idla ngokubangelwa kukutya iintsholongwane ezahlukeneyo . Makhe sijonge ezona zinto ziphambili.

1. I-Meningitis ebangelwa ziintsholongwane (i-Viral Meningitis)

Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwe-meningitis. Ngethamsanqa, alunabungozi njengezinye iintlobo. Uninzi lwexesha, luyaphela ngokwalo kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ukuya kwiveki okanye ezimbini.

Le meko inokubangelwa ziintlobo ngeentlobo zeentsholongwane. Umzekelo, iintsholongwane ezibangela izifo ezifana ne-mumps kunye ne-measles, ii-enteroviruses, kunye neentsholongwane ze-herpes zinokubangela i-viral meningitis.

2. I-Meningitis yebhaktheriya

Olu lolona hlobo lwe-meningitis oluyingozi kakhulu nolusongela ubomi . Ukuba oku kuyenzeka , kufuneka ulaliswe esibhedlele ngoko nangoko kwaye uqale unyango . Ngaphandle koko, iingxaki ezinkulu ezifana nokonakala kwengqondo, ukulahlekelwa kukuva, kwanokufa zinokwenzeka.

Iintlobo ezininzi zeebhaktheriya ezibangela oku. Umzekelo, *iStreptococcus pneumoniae*, *iNeisseria meningitidis* (uhlobo olubangela i-meningococcal meningitis luyingozi kakhulu), kunye *neHaemophilus influenzae type b (Hib)* zezona bhaktheriya ziphambili. Iigonyo ziyafumaneka nxamnye nezinye zezi bhaktheriya, ngoko ke ukugonywa kubaluleke kakhulu.

3. I-Fungal Meningitis

Olu luhlobo olungaqhelekanga. Ludla ngokuvela kubantu abanenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ebuthathaka.Umzekelo, abantu abane-HIV/AIDS, izigulane ezinomhlaza, okanye abo bathatha amayeza okunciphisa umzimba basengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa lolu hlobo lwe-meningitis. Isasazeka ngokuphefumla ii-spores zefungus kwindawo esingqongileyo.

4. I-Parasitic Meningitis

Le yimeko engaqhelekanga kakhulu. Ezinye iintsholongwane zinokubangela olu hlobo lwe-meningitis.

5. Ezinye izizathu ezingezizo ezosulelayo (i-Non-Infectious Meningitis)

Ngamanye amaxesha, i-meninges ingadumba ngenxa yezizathu ezingezizo iintsholongwane. Umzekelo, ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza, iimpendulo ezingalunganga kumayeza athile, ukwenzakala entloko, okanye izifo zokuzikhusela komzimba zinokubangela le meko. Nangona kunjalo, ezi azixhaphakanga kangako.

Zithini iimpawu ze-meningitis? Siyibona njani?

Iimpawu zeMeningitis zinokuvela ngequbuliso, ngamanye amaxesha kwiiyure ezimbalwa, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba uzazi ezi mpawu.

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ezibonakala kubantu abadala nakubantwana abancinci:

• Umkhuhlane Ophezulu : Umzimba ushushu ngequbuliso kwaye ushushu.
• Intloko Ebuhlungu Kakhulu : Intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu kunentloko eqhelekileyo kwaye enganyamezelekiyo.
• Intamo Eqinileyo : Kunzima kakhulu ukugoba intamo phambili, kwaye ivakala iqinile.
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza .
• Uvelwano lokukhanya / i-Photophobia : Ubunzima bokujonga ukukhanya, uzive ngathi amehlo akho ajika abe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
• Ukudideka, Ubunzima Bokugxila : Ubunzima bokugxila, ukuziva uphazamisekile, kwaye uzive ngathi ulahlekelwa yingqondo.
• Ukulala okanye Ubunzima Bokuvuka .
• Ukungabi namdla wokutya .
• Irhashalala lolusu : Ngamanye amaxesha, ingakumbi xa ibangelwa ziintsholongwane ezifana neMeningococcal Meningitis, amabala amancinci abomvu okanye amfusa (iPetechiae okanye iPurpura) anokuvela eluswini. Ukuba la mabala awapheli xa ehlolwa ngeglasi (irhashalala engagqabhukiyo), luphawu oluyingozi.

Kubalulekile: Ukuba nabani na ufumana enye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu ngequbuliso, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko . Ixesha libaluleke kakhulu apha.

Iimpawu ze-meningitis kwiintsana

Xa abantwana abancinci befumana i-meningitis, basenokungabonakalisi zimpawu ezifanayo nezabantu abadala, ngoko ke abazali kufuneka balumke kakhulu ngale nto.

• Umkhuhlane ophezulu .
• Ukukhala Okungapheliyo : Ngamanye amaxesha ungakhala ngelizwi eliphantsi neliphezulu.
• Ukulala kakhulu okanye ukucaphuka: Usana luhlala lubonakala lulele, okanye lusoloko luxakekile.
• Ukungenzi nto okanye ubuvila .
• Ukuncipha okanye ukwala ukusela ubisi (Ukungatyi kakuhle) .
• Ukudumba kweFontanelle: Indawo ethambileyo entlokweni yomntwana wakho (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi "fontanelle") isenokubonakala idumbile kwaye idumbile.
• Ukuqina komzimba wosana kunye nentamo .
• Mhlawumbi ukuxhuzula .

Kubaluleke kakhulu: Ukuba umntwana unezinye zezi mpawu, mse kugqirha wabantwana okufutshane okanye kwisibhedlele sikarhulumente ngaphandle kokulibazisa. Kwimeko yabantwana abancinci, ukuthatha inyathelo ngokukhawuleza kunokusindisa ubomi.

Idluliselwa njani i-meningitis?

Indlela i-meningitis edluliselwa ngayo iyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwentsholongwane eyibangelayo.

• I-meningitis ebangelwa ziintsholongwane kunye neebhaktheriya idla ngokusasazeka ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye, njengomkhuhlane okanye umkhuhlane.
• Amathontsi okuphefumla akhutshwa xa kukhohlela naxa uthimla.
• Ukusondelana ngokusondeleyo nomntu osulelekileyo. Umzekelo, phakathi kwabantu abahlala endlwini enye okanye abasebenza kwindawo enye.
• Ngokuqabula.
• Ngokusebenzisa (ukwabelana) ngezinto ezifana nezitya, izixhobo zokutya, kunye neetawuli ezisetyenziswe ngumntu osulelekileyo.
• Kodwa khumbula, ayisasazeki lula njengomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo. Rhoqo, abantu abasondeleleneyo nabahlala ixesha elide basengozini enkulu yosulelo.
• I-meningitis yefungus ayisasazeki ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye. Ibangelwa kukuphefumla ii-spores zefungus ezifumaneka kwindawo engqongileyo.

Ukuba kukho i-meningitis erhanelwayo, ngaba kufuneka ndiye kugqirha?

Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo! Akukho zimbini kwezi.

Ingakumbi ukuba kukho i-bacterial meningitis erhanelekayo, yingxamiseko yezonyango . Unyango kufuneka luqalwe ngokukhawuleza. Akulunganga ukulinda ubone ukuba luza kuphela na. Yonke imizuzu yokulibaziseka inokuba yingozi ebomini kwaye inyuse umngcipheko wokukhubazeka okusisigxina nokuba isigulana siyaphila.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani i-meningitis? (Ukuxilongwa)

Xa ubona ugqirha oneempawu ze-meningitis, into yokuqala abaya kuyenza kukubuza ngeempawu zakho baze bakuhlole. Emva koko banokwenza iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba unesifo.

• Ukubhajwa eLumbar: Olu lolona vavanyo lubalulekileyo nolubalulekileyo ekuxilongweni kwe-meningitis.
• Ngamafutshane, oku kuquka ukuthatha ulwelo lwe-cerebrospinal (CSF) olujikeleze umqolo wakho, kumqolo wakho ongezantsi. Oku kwenziwa kusetyenziswa inaliti encinci kakhulu.
• Olu lwelo luthunyelwa kwilebhu ukuze luvavanywe iintsholongwane, utshintsho lweeseli, kunye namanqanaba eeproteni kunye neswekile. Olu lwazi lunokunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba kukho na i-meningitis kunye nokuba yintoni unobangela (intsholongwane, iibhaktheriya, njl.njl.).
• "Oku kungabonakala kuyoyikisa kancinci kuwe. Kodwa oogqirha bakwenza oku ngononophelo olukhulu nangoqeqesho. Ngoko ke ungoyiki ngokungeyomfuneko."
• Uvavanyo lweGazi: Olu vavanyo lunceda ukujonga usulelo kunye nobunzima egazini.
• I-CT Scan okanye i-MRI Scan: Ngamanye amaxesha, ezi scan zinokwenziwa ukujonga ezinye iingxaki, ezinje ngokudumba kobuchopho okanye amathumba.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-meningitis? (Unyango)

Unyango lwe-meningitis luxhomekeke kwisizathu.

• I-Meningitis yebhaktheriya:
• Le yingxamiseko, ngoko ke ukulaliswa esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza kubalulekile.
• Unyango luquka amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ngemithambo (IV) . Olu nyango kufuneka luqalwe ngokukhawuleza.
• Ngamanye amaxesha, amayeza abizwa ngokuba yi -corticosteroids anokunikwa ukunciphisa ukudumba.
• I-Meningitis ebangelwa yiViral:
• Uninzi lwexesha, oku kuya kuziphelela, ngoko ke akukho nyango luthile. Kuba amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane awasebenzi kwiintsholongwane .
• Unyango lujolise kakhulu ekunciphiseni iimpawu. Umzekelo:
• Phumla kakuhle.
• Sela amanzi amaninzi kunye nolwelo.
• Izithomalalisi zentlungu zomkhuhlane kunye nentloko ebuhlungu.
• Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko ezinzima ze-viral meningitis, ukulaliswa esibhedlele kunokufuneka.
• I-Meningitis yefungal:
• Oku kunyangwa ngamayeza okubola , adla ngokufakwa ngemithambo yegazi ixesha elide.
• Olunye Ukhathalelo Oluxhasayo: Ukongeza, kuxhomekeke kwimeko yesigulana, izinto ezinje ngokuhambisa ioksijini, ukulawula amanqanaba olwelo emzimbeni, kunye nokunyanga iimeko ezifana nokuxhuzula nazo zenziwa.

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho ngenxa ye-meningitis?

I-Meningitis, ingakumbi i-bacterial meningitis, inokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezahlukeneyo ukuba ayinyangwa ngokukhawuleza okanye ukuba isifo siba sibi kakhulu, ezinye zazo zinokuba yingozi ubomi bonke.

• Ukulahlekelwa kukuva okanye ukulahlekelwa kukuva ngokupheleleyo.
• Ukukhubazeka Kokufunda .
• Iingxaki zeMemori .
• Ukonakala kwengqondo .
• Iingxaki Zokuhamba/Ubunzima Bokuhamba .
• Ukuxhuzula rhoqo (Ukuxhuzula/Ukuxhuzula okuphindaphindiweyo) .
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso .
• Umothuko .
• Ukunqunyulwa kwamalungu omzimba ngenxa yokulahlekelwa ligazi – ingakumbi kwiimeko ze-meningococcal septicemia.
• Ukufa .

Yiyo loo nto sisoloko sisithi ukuba uneempawu ze-meningitis, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko . Unyango olukhawulezileyo lunokunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokuba neengxaki ezinzulu kangaka.

Singenza ntoni ukuze sizikhusele kwi-meningitis? (Ukuthintela)

"Ukuthintela kungcono kunonyango." Oko kukuthi, kungcono ukuthintela ukuba esi sifo singabikho kunokusinyanga emva kokuba sikhulile. Ngoko ke kukho izinto ezininzi esinokuzenza ukuze sizikhusele kwi-meningitis.

• Ukugonywa:
• Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuzikhusela kwiintlobo eziyingozi ze-bacterial meningitis kukugonywa .
• Kukho amayeza okugonya okukhusela kwi-meningitis ebangelwa yintsholongwane *iHaemophilus influenzae type b (Hib)*, *iPneumococcal*, kunye *neMeningococcal*.
• Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba abantwana abancinci kwilizwe lethu balandele iNkqubo yeSizwe yokuGonya, enikezelwa ngurhulumente. Igubungela ezinye zezi gonyo.
• Buza ugqirha wakho malunga nezitofu ezisebenza kumntwana wakho okanye kuwe.
• Iindlela Ezilungileyo Zokucoca:
• Hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle ngesepha namanzi rhoqo. Ingakumbi ngaphambi kokutya, emva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese, nasemva kokuvala umlomo nempumlo yakho ngesandla sakho xa ukhohlela okanye uthimla.
• Musa ukwabelana ngokutya, iziselo, izitya, izinto zokuhlamba, iibhotile zamanzi, ii-lip balm, kunye neebrashi zamazinyo nabanye.
• Gquma umlomo nempumlo yakho ngetshefu okanye ithishu xa ukhohlela okanye uthimla. Okanye khohlela/thimla ungene emqolombeni wengqiniba yakho.
• Ukuba unomkhuhlane okanye umkhuhlane, hlala ekhaya kangangoko unako ukuze ungosuleli abanye abantu.
• Gcina iNkqubo yoKhuseleko lomzimba Eyomeleleyo:
• Yitya ukutya okunesondlo.
• Lala ngokwaneleyo.
• Ukuzilolonga.
• Kuphephe ukutshaya.
• Uthintelo kubantu abasondeleleneyo: Akuxhaphakanga ukuba umntu abe ne-bacterial meningitis, oogqirha banokumyalela amayeza okuthintela isifo ukuba singasasazeki kubantu abasondelelene kakhulu naye (umz., amalungu osapho, abantu abahlala kunye).

Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba uphile ngokupheleleyo kwi-meningitis? (Ukuphila kwakhona)

Abantu abaninzi, ingakumbi abo bane-viral meningitis, bayachacha ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kweengxaki zexesha elide.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuchacha kwi-bacterial meningitis kungathatha ixesha. Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, abanye abantu banokuba neengxaki ezihlala ixesha elide. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba isifo sichongiwe kwangethuba kwaye unyango olufanelekileyo luqalwe kwangethuba , amathuba okuchacha kunye nobomi obuhle aphezulu kakhulu.

Kwanasemva kokuba uphilile, kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho.

Umyalezo Wokugqibela Wokuya Ekhaya

Kulungile, ngoko ke sithethe kakhulu nge-meningitis namhlanje. Ukuqukumbela, nazi izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule:

• I-Meningitis kukudumba kwee-membrane ezikhuselayo ezijikeleze ingqondo kunye nomqolo.
• Oku kunokubangelwa ikakhulu ziintsholongwane kunye neebhaktheriya. Kukwakho neefungi kunye nezinye izizathu.
• I-bacterial meningitis yingxaki yezonyango kwaye ifuna unyango olukhawulezileyo.
• Iimpawu eziphambili ngumkhuhlane ophezulu, intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu, intamo eqinileyo, ukuva ukukhanya, kunye nokudideka . Iimpawu kubantwana abancinci zinokutshintshatshintsha ngakumbi.
• Ukuba urhanela ukuba une-meningitis okanye unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kokulibazisa.
• Ukugonywa kunye neendlela ezilungileyo zococeko zinokukhusela kwiintlobo ezithile ze-meningitis.

Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi luluncedo kuwe. Khumbula, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukunyamekela impilo yethu. Ukuba unemibuzo okanye amathandabuzo, ungathandabuzi ukubuza ugqirha. Hlala uphilile!

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