Kubuhlungu kangakanani ukubona umama wakho, utata wakho, okanye umntu osondeleyo kuwe elibala yonke into kancinci kancinci? Isifo sika-Alzheimer, esiqala ngokulibala amagama neendawo, nokungakwazi ukukhumbula nezinto ezincinci, siya siwohloka kancinci kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha. Okwangoku akukho nyango lwesi sifo. Nangona kunjalo, ngoku kukho iyeza elitsha elibizwa ngokuba yiLeqembi (lecanemab) elinokunciphisa ukusasazeka kwesi sifo kumanqanaba okuqala. Masithethe ngale nto ngokulula nangobubele namhlanje.
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Yintoni kanye kanye le chiza elibizwa ngokuba yiLeqembi eliyenzayo engqondweni?
Ngamafutshane, uLeqembi unceda abantu abakwinqanaba lokuqala lesifo sika-Alzheimer ukuba bazenzele izinto zabo baze baphile ngokuzimela ixesha elide.
Cinga ngeeseli zemithambo-luvo ezikwiingqondo zethu njengezitrato zesixeko. Ulwazi kunye neenkumbulo zihamba kwezi zitrato. Kwisifo sika-Alzheimer, uhlobo lweprotheyini ebizwa ngokuba yi -'amyloid beta' luyaqokelelana luze lubekwe njengeemfumba zenkunkuma kwezi zitrato. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-'amyloid beta plaques.' Le mfumba yenkunkuma ithintela ukuhamba kolwazi phakathi kweeseli zemithambo-luvo. Yiyo loo nto izinto ezinje ngokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, ukungakwazi ukucinga, kunye nokudideka zisenzeka kancinci kancinci.
Iyeza likaLeqembi lenza kanye oku ngokucoca ingqondo ngokususa ezi "amyloid beta plaques ." Oku kunciphisa ukuphazamiseka konxibelelwano phakathi kweeseli zobuchopho, kucothise ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba eli yeza alinakubuyisela inkumbulo elahlekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, linokucothisa ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo kwaye livumele isigulana ukuba siphile kakuhle ixesha elide.
Ungalufumana njani olu nyango?
Le ayisiyopilisi onokuyisela ekhaya. ILeqembi liyeza elilulwelo elinikwa umthambo (i-intravenous - IV infusion) . Olu nyango lunikwa esibhedlele okanye eklinikhi, phantsi kweliso likagqirha.
- Ishedyuli yonyango: Eli yeza lidla ngokunikezelwa rhoqo emva kweeveki ezimbini.
- Ixesha: Iseshoni nganye ithatha malunga neyure. Nangona kunjalo, idinga lonke lingathatha ixesha elide kuba uza kuhlolwa ngaphambi nasemva kokuba unikwe amayeza.
- Uvavanyo: Ngaphambi kokuba uqale olu nyango, ugqirha wakho uza kwenza iskena se-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) ukujonga ukuba akukho plaque ze-amyloid beta engqondweni yakho. Ngexesha lonyango, iiskena ze-MRI nazo zenziwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba iyeza liyasebenza na kwaye ukuba linempembelelo engqondweni yakho.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuya kwiiseshoni zonyango njengoko zicwangcisiwe ngugqirha wakho. Ukuzitsiba kunokunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwamayeza.
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ILeqembi ayiloyeza elinokunikwa bonke abaguli abane-Alzheimer's. Ijoliswe ngokukodwa kwabo bakwinqanaba lokuqala lesi sifo. Masichaze oku ngakumbi kwitheyibhile engezantsi.
| Imeko | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Abo bafanelekela iyeza |
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| Abo bangafanelekanga ukusebenzisa amayeza |
Izinto ezibangela umngcipheko kwi-genetic
Abanye abantu banokuba ne-genetic risk factor ebizwa ngokuba yi-'homozygous apolipoprotein E gene.' Abantu abanale gene basengozini enkulu yokuba ne-ARIA (echazwe ngezantsi), isiphumo esibi kakhulu sesiyobisi. Ke ngoko, ugqirha wakho unokugqiba ekubeni enze uvavanyo lwe-genetic ngaphambi kokuba aqale unyango, ukuba kuyimfuneko.
Ngaba kufuneka siqaphele nemiphumo emibi?
Njengayo nayiphi na iyeza, iLeqembi inokuba nemiphumo emibi. Nangona eminye yayo incinci, kukho eminye esifanele siyiqaphele ngokukodwa.
| Imiphumela | Inkcazo kunye nento ekufuneka uyiqwalasele |
|---|---|
| Iimpendulo ezinxulumene nokufakwa | Inokwenzeka xa iyeza linikwa ngemithambo yegazi okanye emva koko. Iimpawu ezinje ngomkhuhlane, ukugodola, iintlungu zomzimba, utshintsho kwisantya sentliziyo, kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla zinokubakho. Iqela lezonyango lihlala lijonga oku. |
| I-ARIA (Iimeko Ezingaqhelekanga Zomfanekiso Ezinxulumene ne-Amyloid) | Esi sisiphumo esingesiso ekufuneka usiqaphele ngakumbi . Oku kunokubangela ukudumba okuncinci okanye ukopha okuncinci engqondweni. Abantu abaninzi bane-ARIA ngaphandle kweempawu kwaye iyaphela ngokwayo. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha inokuba yingozi kakhulu. Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezifana nokudideka okukhulu ngequbuliso, isiyezi, okanye intloko ebuhlungu , kufuneka wazise ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Oogqirha bajonga rhoqo le meko nge-MRI scans. |
| Ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo | Intloko ebuhlungu ixhaphakile. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nazo naziphi na iimpawu ezikukhathazayo. |
Ngaba ingadibana namanye amayeza?
Ewe, ngumbuzo obaluleke kakhulu lowo.
Ukuba uthatha amayeza okunciphisa igazi, anjenge -aspirin, i-warfarin, okanye i-apixaban (Eliquis) , ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho ngale nto. Ukusela la mayeza kunye neLeqembi kunokunyusa umngcipheko wokopha engqondweni (okubangelwa yi-ARIA).
Ukongeza, qiniseka ukuba uxelela ugqirha wakho ngamanye amayeza, iivithamini, amayeza esintu, kunye nezongezo ozithathayo ukuze akwazi ukubona ukuba olu nyango lukhuselekile na kuwe.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- ILeqembi ayilonyango lwesifo sika-Alzheimer. Lunyango olunciphisa isantya esiba siso esi sifo.
- Olu nyango lungcono kwabo bakwinqanaba lokuqala lesi sifo, abaneempawu ezincinci.
- Eli yeza lisebenza ngokususa ii-'amyloid beta plaques' eziqokelelana engqondweni.
- Ngexesha lonyango, ugqirha wenza ii-MRI scan rhoqo ukuze ajonge iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezifana ne-ARIA.
- Kubalulekile ukwazisa ugqirha wakho ngazo zonke ezinye iindlela ozisebenzisayo, ingakumbi amayeza okunciphisa igazi.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza isigqibo emva kokuxoxa ngononophelo nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba olu nyango lukulungele na wena kunye neenzuzo kunye neengxaki zalo.
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